Nursing nursing assignment 2
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assmt_2_exemplar_analysis_of_data_and_policies.docxCommunity Health Needs Assessment
(CHNA); Analysis of Data and Policies
Name
University
Faculty
Date
Analysis of Data and Policies Top 3 Community Population Health Priorities and Policy Influences
Two of my five priorities were removed from my original community needs assessment for my population health priorities. For heart diseases there are several interventions at play for this condition at this time. Similarly, for breast cancer there are several screening interventions already in place for cancer screening in general and also specifically for breasts. Therefore, the remaining three priorities are not being addressed specifically and require an intervention program to prevent morbidity and improve population health. See Chart below.
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I. Choose 3 of the Top 5 Population Health Priorities for Intervention Programs |
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Instructions: In the previous assessment, you selected your top 5 population health priorities for your CHAP. Now identify the top 3 health priorities that are most urgent to address in a population health intervention program. For each health priority, provide a rationale based on your previous data. |
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1. |
COVID-19 Boosters – Vaccine boosters are a needed intervention since communities are now responsible for COVID immunizations. Based on current COVID-19 trends, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is planning for the federal Public Health Emergency (PHE) for COVID-19, declared under Section 319 of the Public Health Service (PHS) Act, to expire at the end of the day on May 11, 2023 (DHHS, 2023). A COVID PREVENTION intervention program is needed. |
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Adolescent and Youth Care for STDs - Infant Mortality Rate + 9.5% poverty level with 11.2% poverty for those under age 18, English language barrier, and too high a rate in STDs. An STD PREVENTION intervention program is needed.
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3. |
Childhood Asthma: There are approximately 16,000 (32%) Children under age 18 of the child population with asthma in Seminole county. Emergency room visits are also high for this diagnoses (FDOH, 2023b). A CHILDHOOD ASTHMA intervention program is needed.
Asthma in Children, Seminole County, Population and Rates:
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II. Health Policies That May Impact Your CHAP |
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Instructions: After reviewing the eight laws below, explain how at least four apply to your top 3 health priorities. Include credible references. |
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Q1 |
How will the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA, 1996) impact your CHAP and CHAP process, including any interventions that may be needed? |
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Learner’s Response A1 |
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA, 1996): HIPAA safeguards patient privacy and the confidentiality of medical records. In the context of CHAP interventions for COVID-19 boosters, STD prevention, and childhood asthma, it's crucial to ensure any data collected, stored, or transmitted is HIPAA compliant. This means consent is needed before sharing patient information, data encryption should be used when transmitting electronically, and data should be stored securely (DHHS, n.d.).
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Q2 |
Will the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA, 2010) affect your CHAP participants and participation? Explain. |
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Learner’s Response A2 |
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA, 2010): The ACA expanded access to healthcare and health insurance, impacting the ability of individuals to access the proposed interventions (Gov.Info, 2010). The Seminole County data shows that approximately 32% of children under 18 are diagnosed with asthma. The number of emergency room visits related to asthma exacerbations also remains high, signaling the need for better disease management. |
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Q3 |
Will the Public Health Service Act (PHSA, 1944) need to be taken into consideration regarding your CHAP? HINT: Is there a public health emergency that currently exists? |
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Learner’s Response A3 |
Public Health Service Act (PHSA, 1944): This act provides the federal government with the authority to address public health emergencies. The COVID-19 pandemic is no longer a public health emergency as of May 11, 2023. Therefore, communities and individuals are not responsible for their COVID-19 Boosters. So it impacts this program because it puts the onus of booster shots on the community. |
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Q4 |
What important considerations and measures would the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA, 1990) impose on the CHAP and its participants, processes, and interventions? |
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Learner’s Response A4 |
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA, 1990): The ADA requires that all services and facilities be accessible to individuals with disabilities. Your CHAP must ensure that interventions are equally accessible to individuals with disabilities, which may mean providing services in accessible locations, providing interpreters for the deaf or hard of hearing, or accommodating those with cognitive disabilities in education materials (DOJ, n.d. a). |
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Q5 |
Does your CHAP include school-aged populations, and if so, how does the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA, 1974) affect your CHAP processes and interventions? |
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Learner’s Response A5 |
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA, 1974): If your CHAP includes schoolaged populations, you need to adhere to FERPA when handling student health records. This could impact your ability to collect and use certain data in your interventions (DOE, n.d.). |
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Q6 |
Civil Rights Act (1964), or Title VI of this act, prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, and national origin in programs and activities receiving federal financial assistance, which can include certain health programs. How will you address potential risks for your population within your 5 chosen health priorities? |
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Learner’s Response A6 |
Civil Rights Act (1964): This act prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, and national origin. This requires that your CHAP ensures equitable access to services across racial and ethnic groups. You need to monitor disparities in outcomes and service utilization across different racial and ethnic groups (DOJ, n.d.b). |
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Q7 |
Are there any other disease specific laws and policies, such as Florida’s Ryan White Part B Program (established in accordance with the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act, 1990). This program provides people living with HIV access to the health care and support services they need to live healthier lives. How might laws like this affect your CHAP, processes, and interventions. |
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Learner’s Response A7 |
Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act, 1990: If your CHAP includes populations affected by HIV, the provisions of the Ryan White CARE Act can aid in funding and establishing a comprehensive system of care including primary medical care and support services for people living with HIV (HSRA, n.d.). |
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Q8 |
Public Health Service Act (1944): This act forms the basis of much of the federal government’s authority to monitor and control public health concerns. Section 301 of the Act currently mandates surveillance and reporting of over 120 diseases, conditions, or events (NDSS, n.d.). How will this act affect your CHAP, processes, and interventions? |
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Learner’s Response A8 |
Public Health Service Act (1944): Section 301 mandates disease surveillance, which could help you to identify trends and needs within your community, allowing for more targeted interventions. However, this also comes with an increased responsibility for reporting and data management (CDC, n.d.a,b). |
Summary
Top 3 Priority Health Choices
In designing and implementing the Community Health Assessment and Plan (CHAP) with interventions such as COVID-19 boosters, STD prevention, and childhood asthma programs, a number of key laws have come into play. The HIPAA (1996) emphasizes the critical need for data privacy and security, ensuring the confidentiality of patient information throughout the CHAP processes. In terms of health service accessibility, the ACA (2010) can facilitate more individuals' participation in CHAP interventions by expanding health insurance coverage.
The PHSA (1944) and its Section 301 provide the authority and framework for addressing public health emergencies like COVID-19 and facilitating disease surveillance, respectively. The ADA (1990) necessitates the CHAP be inclusive and accessible to individuals with disabilities, and FERPA (1974) regulates how student health records are managed if school-aged populations are included. The Civil Rights Act (1964) mandates the CHAP to be nondiscriminatory, providing equal services to all racial and ethnic groups. Lastly, for populations affected by HIV, the Ryan White CARE Act (1990) offers potential resources for comprehensive care. These laws collectively guide the creation of an equitable, efficient, and legally compliant CHAP.
Conclusion
Health Policy and CHAP
It's critical to consider the legal landscape in which your CHAP operates to ensure compliance, identify funding opportunities, and guarantee the interventions are designed equitably and efficiently. From my analysis of the laws surrounding population health, they all apply to my CHAP and possible interventions because my programs will address all age groups, children and adults, which are vulnerable populations with many established health issues. Adhering to privacy and security policies is a top priority.
Reference Resources
Artiga, S. (2018, May 10). Beyond Health Care: The Role of Social Determinants in Promoting Health and Health Equity. Keiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/racial - equity - and - health policy/issue - brief/beyond - health - care - the - role - of - social - determinants - in - promoting - health - and health - equity/
National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS), (n.d.a). Case Surveillance Modernization.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/nndss/index.html
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (CDC). (n.d.b). Public Health Service Act. CDC.gov. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/phlp/publications/topic/phsa.html
Department of Health & Human Services. (DHS). (n.d.). Summary of the HIPAA Privacy Rule. HHS.gov. Retrieved from https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for - professionals/privacy/laws regulations/index.html
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Florida Department of Health. (2023a). Florida County Health Dashboard
Florida Department of Health. (2023b). Florida County Health Dashboard; Asthma Report.
https://www.flhealthcharts.gov/ChartsDashboards/rdPage.aspx?rdReport=Asthma.Report
GovInfo (2010). Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, 42 U.S.C. § 18001 (2010). Retrieved from https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW - 111publ148/pdf/PLAW - 111publ148.pdf
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Health Resources & Services Administration. (HRSA). (n.d.). About the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program. HRSA.gov. Retrieved from https://hab.hrsa.gov/about - ryan - white - hivaids - program/about - ryan white - hivaids - program
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Ndugga, N, and Artiga, S. (2023, April 21). Disparities in Health and Health Care: 5 Key Questions and Answers. Keiser Family Foundation. https://www.kff.org/racial - equity - and - health - policy/issue brief/disparities - in - health - and - health - care - 5 - key - question - and - answers/
Olmstead County. (2022). Community Health Assessment and Plan.
https://www.olmstedcounty.gov/government/county - departments/public - health services/health - assessment - and - planning - partnership
Spears-Pellegrin, M. (2017, May 4). 5 Ways Public Policy Impacts Health. The Sycamore Institute. https://www.sycamoreinstitutetn.org/5 - ways - public - policy - impacts - health/
U.S. Department of Justice. (DOJa). (n.d.). A Guide to Disability Rights Laws. ADA.gov. Retrieved from https://www.ada.gov/cguide.htm
U.S. Department of Education. (DOE). (n.d.). Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Ed.gov. Retrieved from https://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html
U.S. Department of Justice. (DOJb). (n.d.). Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Justice.gov. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/crt/fcs/TitleVI
US Code. (n.d.) Public Health Service Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 201 et seq. (1944). Retrieved from https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?path=/prelim@title42/chapter6A&edition=prelim
