8 to 10 page paper
ASSIGNMENT for Week 5:
Research Paper: Fiscal Solvency Analysis
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For this Module Assignment, students will submit at least an 8-10 double-spaced page paper.
More specifically, you need to (1) compute, and create tables to analyze (1) Current Ratio, (2) Operating Ratio, (3) and Net Asset Ratio, and then using the tables and charts, write an 8-10 double-spaced research paper (1) analyzing the degree of solvency of Bay City, Texas, (2) solvency methods and techniques and why they are important for governments to use, and (3) their advantages and disadvantages.
Fiscal Solvency is the ability of a governmental entity to meet its long-term debts and financial obligations. Solvency can be an important measure of financial health, since its one way of demonstrating a government’s ability to manage its operations into the foreseeable future. The quickest way to assess a government’s solvency is by checking fiscal solvency ratios.
Fiscal solvency ratios are a key metric used to measure a government’s ability to meet its debt obligations and is used often by prospective lenders. The solvency ratio indicates whether a government's cash flow is sufficient to meet its short-and long-term liabilities.
This means that governments can close out their long-term debt obligations when they come due using operating income. A higher ratio percentage result indicates a government’s increased ability to cover its liabilities over the long term.
There is a difference between solvency and liquidity. Solvency is a long-term measure, while Liquidity is a short-term measure. Liquidity relates more to short-term cash flow, while solvency relates more to long-term financial stability. Simply put, liquidity is the value of the all its assets.
Solvency ratios are used to examine the ability of a government to meet its long-term obligations. The ratios are most used by current and prospective lenders. The ratio compares an approximation of cash flows to liabilities and is derived from the following ratios: (1) Current Ratio, (2) Operating Ratio, (3) and Net Asset Ratio.
The formulas for these ratios are listed below:
Current Liabilities Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Operating Ratio = Total Revenues/Total Expenses
Net Asset Ratio = Total Assets/(Restricted + Unrestricted) (For the Abbreviated Budget for Bay City Texas the Net Investments in Capital Assets is part of the Restricted and Unrestricted assets.)
Teaching Moment:
Sometimes the debt ratio also is used. This is for your information. The assignment is not using the debt ratio
debt ratio = total debt/total assets
A
For example, a debt ratio greater than 1.05 (105%) tells you that a company has more debt than assets.
Meanwhile, a debt ratio less than 105% indicates that a company has more assets than debt.
To do this, Read and Use the outline below.
First:
· Open the Abbreviated Budget for Bay City, Texas below
Hint: After you save the Abbreviated Budget, expand the zoom function to about 200+ to read the figures. The zoom function is located at the bottom right of the document. (probably set to 100%)
· Using the Abbreviated Budget for Bay City, Texas, and the attached Excel Template (below), compute the Measures of Solvency for Bay City, Texas for 2016. Use the Total column.
Hint: After you save the Excel spreadsheet, expand it by clicking on the little square icon at the upper right top of the green bar of the spreadsheet (next to the X). So, you can see the entire spreadsheet.
Second, after calculating the Measures of Solvency ratios, formulate at least an 8-10 -spaced page (including tables and charts) analyzing (1) the degree of solvency of Bay City, Texas, (2) solvency methods and techniques and why they are important for governments to use, and (3) their advantages and disadvantages.
Format of paper (Use bolded purple as headings in paper):
· Using the graphs of the Measures of Solvency data you computed for Bay City, Texas, analyze The Degree of Solvency of Bay City, Texas.
How to Interpret ratios :
For Current Liabilities Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities:
The ratio should be greater than 1.50. When the Current Liabilities Ratio is greater than 1.00, it shows the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year. For example, if the Current Liabilities Ratio was at 1.84, the ratio of 1.84 means that the City has 1.84 times more current assets than liabilities. When the Current Liabilities Ratio is greater than 1.00, it tells the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year is sound. When the Current Liabilities Ratio is less than 1.00, it tells the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year is unsound. As a rule of thumb, a ratio of 1.5 or less means lower ability to obtain additional financing or higher interest charged for any financing obtained.
For Operating Ratio = Total Revenues/Total Expenses
Then ratio should be greater than 1.50. When the Operating Ratio is greater than 1.00, it shows the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year. For example, if the Operating Ratio was at 1.84, the ratio of 1.84 means that the City has 1.84 times more current revenues than expenditures. When the Operating Ratio is greater than 1.00, it tells the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year is sound. When the Operating Ratio is less than 1.00, it tells the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year is unsound. As a rule of thumb, a ratio of 1.5 or less means lower ability to obtain additional financing or higher interest charged for any financing obtained.
For Net Asset Ratio = Total Assets/(Restricted + Unrestricted Assets):
Then ratio should be greater than 1.50. When the Net Asset Ratio is greater than 1.00, it shows the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year. For example, if the Net Asset Ratio was at 1.84, the ratio of 1.84 means that the City has 1.84 times more current assets than restricted and unrestricted net assets. When the Net Asset Ratio is greater than 1.00, it tells the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year is sound. When the Net Asset Ratio is less than 1.00, it tells the financial stability of an organization over the next fiscal year is unsound. As a rule of thumb, a ratio of 1.5 or less means lower ability to obtain additional financing or higher interest charged for any financing obtained.
If using tables and/or charts in the analysis, professionally presentations are expected.
Then:
· Discusses and analyzes Solvency Methods and Techniques (Why They Are Important for Governments) to use. What are their advantages and disadvantages? (See https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/finance/solvency/
https://www.bizfilings.com/toolkit/research-topics/finance/solvency-ratios-measure-financial-risk)
Feel free to use the internet for additional sources if the sources are credible.
· Discusses and analyzes How Solvency Helps Financial Issues (See https://quickbooks.intuit.com/small-business/coronavirus/resources/understanding-solvency-ratios/)
Feel free to use the internet for additional sources if the sources are credible.
· Discuss differences between Solvency vs Liquidity (see https://www.freshbooks.com/hub/accounting/solvency-vs-liquidity)
Feel free to use the internet for additional sources if the sources are credible.
You will need to expand your research beyond text authors’ comments, which normally are not specific enough to provide sufficient information to help you determine the significance and implications of the conclusions.
There must be no careless or simple grammatical errors such as misspellings, incomplete sentences, comma splices, instances of faulty noun/verb agreement, etc. Such errors will result in significant point deductions.
Plagiarism in any form is strictly prohibited and may result in failure of the assignment, failure of the course, and/or removal from the program. It is your responsibility to ensure that you fully understand what constitutes the various forms of plagiarism and that you avoid all forms of plagiarism. The text of this research paper must be at least 8-10 pages (not including title page, reference page, and any appendices). This paper must be in current APA format with 1-inch margins and 12-pt Times New Roman font. You must also include a title page and reference page. You must include citations to a sufficient number of appropriate professional, scholarly, or other appropriate sources to fully support your assertions and conclusions (which will likely require more than the minimum number of citations); each paper must contain citations to the course texts book, assigned readings, and a minimum of 5 additional sources not including the course textbooks, assigned readings, and the Bible verse.
Make sure that you support research with scholarly and/or biblical references in APA format.
Submit this assignment by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday, April 25.
Abreviated Budget
for Bay CIty, Texas.docx
Abbreviated Budget for Bay City Texas
Assignment Resource
Measures of Solvency.xlsx
Sheet1
| Bay City, Texas FY 2016 | ||||
| Dollar Amount | Ratio | |||
| Cash Solvency: | ||||
| 1 | Current Liabilities Ratio: | Current Assets | ||
| Current Liabilites | ||||
| Ratio | ERROR:#DIV/0! | |||
| Budget Solvency | ||||
| 2 | Operating Ratio | Total Revenue | ||
| Total Expenses | ||||
| Ratio | ERROR:#DIV/0! | |||
| Long-Run Solvency | ||||
| 3 | Net Asset Rato | Total Assets | ||
| Restricted + Unrestricted Assets + | ||||
| Net Investments in Capital Assets | ||||
| Ratio | ERROR:#DIV/0! | |||