Designing of Pico question and searching five database article.

Assignment #1: PICO Question with Reference List

sIn this assignment, you will develop a PICO question based on a topic of your own interest. Through searching the literature, you will identify four primary research articles plus one secondary research article that address your specific topic. You will not include Quality Improvement articles. You will create a reference list of these five articles using APA (6th ed.) citation style. *Articles must be published within past 7 years.

This assignment should be typed. Submit this assignment plus your five research articles together in the assignment one tab in blackboard. *It is necessary to submit a PDF copy of these articles so that I can verify the content. In addition, you will refer to these articles during class activities throughout the course.

Refer to the following grading rubric:

Criteria	Proficient	Competent	Novice
Clinical Question	4 to 5 points Related to nursing clinical question and description detailed	2 to 3 points Somewhat related to nursing clinical question and/or description would have benefited from more detail/explanation	0 to 1 points Not related to nursing clinical question and/or inadequate description
PICO question/ type (1 pt each PICO and Type)	4 to 5 points All parts or missing/incorrect 1 part)	2 to 3 points 2 or 3 parts missing incorrect	0 to 1 points 4 or more missing or incorrect
Resources used to search evidence	3 to 3 points Detailed description	2 to 2 points Description missing pieces	0 to 1 points Description lacking detail
Relevant search terms	3 to 3 points Relevant terms used	2 to 2 points Missing some terms	0 to 1 points Inappropriate or missing major terms
Filters/ limits for search	3 to 3 points Appropriate filters and limits used	2 to 2 points Some filters and terms used	0 to 1 points Minimal filters and limits used,
Results table	4 to 5 points All 4 columns completed and demonstrates narrowing of findings	3 to 4 points Missing 1 or 2 parts and some narrowing of findings	0 to 1 points No narrowing of findings
Primary research articles addressing clinical question (1 pt for primary & 1 describe how it answers clinical question for each article)	8 to 8 points All primary research identified correctly and detailed description of how it answers clinical question	5 to 7 points Incorrectly identified articles or minimal description of how it answers clinical question	0 to 4 points Incorrectly identified articles and description in adequate of how it answers clinical question
Secondary research addressing clinical question (1 pt for secondary & 1 describe how it answers clinical question)	2 to 2 points Secondary research and detailed description of how it answers clinical question	1 to 1 points Incorrectly identified articles or minimal description of how it answers clinical question	0 to 0 points Incorrectly identified article and description in adequate of how it answers clinical question
Explanation of how determined articles are primary research	1 to 1 points Complete & correct explanation	0 to 0 points Inaccurate explanation	0 to 0 points Inaccurate explanation
References listed in APA citation style (1pt each)	7 to 10 points Less than 3 of the same error made	4 to 6 points 4-6 of the same error made	0 to 3 points more than 6 of the same error made

1. What is your clinical question? This should be relevant to nursing practice. Do not develop a question related to medical therapy.

Patients are continually being readmitted with heart failure symptom exacerbation and struggling to take their medications daily. As a nurse I want to support my patients in strategies to help take medications.

2. Write out your PICO based on your clinical question and identify separate components. Use the PICO format template to guide the development of your question.

PICO question: _______________ For people with heart failure_________ does the use of ___behavioral interventions_______ reduce the future risk of __medication nonadherence________compare with ______educational interventions____ ?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

a. Patient/Problem: People with heart failure

b. Intervention: Behavioral interventions such as reminders

c. Comparison: Education alone

d. -Outcome: Medication adherence

What type of EBP question is this (etiology, diagnosis, therapy, prognosis)? 

Prevention (Could have also used therapy: In people with heart failure what is the effect of behavioral interventions on medication adherence compared to education alone?)

3. What databases and electronic resources did you search? For example CINAHL, EBSCO, etc.

CINAHL & PubMED

4. When narrowing your clinical question, what terms did you use to search the evidence?

Heart failure, cardiac failure, heart decompensation, adherence, compliance, persistence, concordance, nonadherence, non-adherence, noncompliance, non-compliance, medicat*, medicine, medicines, drug, drugs

5. Were there any filters or limits you used to include or exclude sets of results?

Publication year, English language

6. Results: Expand table as necessary

Resource	Terms used (keywords with boolean operators)	Filters or limits	Number of Results (hits)
CINAHL	Heart failure or cardiac failure or heart decompensation	Pub year and English	10,750
CINAHL	Words above AND adherence, compliance, persistence, concordance, nonadherence, non-adherence, noncompliance, non-compliance ( separated by OR)	Pub year and English	1,255
CINAHL	Words above and medicat*, medicine, medicines, drug, drugs (Separated by OR	Pub Year and English	150
PubMED	Heart failure or cardiac failure or heart decompensation, AND adherence or compliance or persistence or concordance or nonadherence, non-adherence, noncompliance or non-compliance AND medicat*, or medicine, or medicines or drug or drugs	Pub Year and English	220
· zZZ+++++

7. How did you determine if the references you located were primary research articles?

See notes from class

8. Briefly describe how your articles address your PICO question.

All five articles include a behavioral or educational intervention to compare in my PICO question

9. List references for your five research articles on the next page in APA format.

References

Andrews, A. M., Russell, C. L., & Cheng, A.-L. (2017). Medication adherence interventions for older adults with heart failure: A systematic review. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20170523-01

Ekman, I., Wolf, A., Vaughan Dickson, V., Bosworth, H. B., & Granger, B. B. (2017). Unmet expectations of medications and care providers among patients with heart failure assessed to be poorly adherent: results from the Chronic Heart Failure Intervention to Improve MEdication Adherence (CHIME) study. European Journal Of Cardiovascular Nursing: Journal Of The Working Group On Cardiovascular Nursing Of The European Society Of Cardiology, 16(7), 646–654. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515117707669

Goldstein, C. M., Gathright, E. C., Dolansky, M. A., Gunstad, J., Sterns, A., Redle, J. D., … Hughes, J. W. (2014). Randomized controlled feasibility trial of two telemedicine medication reminder systems for older adults with heart failure. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 20(6), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X14541039

Granger, B. B., McBroom, K., Bosworth, H. B., Hernandez, A., & Ekman, I. (2013). The meanings associated with medicines in heart failure patients. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 12(3), 276–283. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474515112447734

Holt, E. W., Rung, A. L., Leon, K. A., Firestein, C., & Krousel-Wood, M. A. (2014). Medication adherence in older adults: A qualitative study. Educational Gerontology, 40(3), 198–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601277.2013.802186