History Unit 8 Assignment: Timeline Activity

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Chapter 38

AFRICA, 1800 TO 1980

Kleiner, Gardner’s Art through the Ages: A Global History, 16th Edition. © 2020 Cengage. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Learning Objectives

Compare two examples of traditional African arts that survived into the 19th century.

Explain the hierarchy of importance of African royal arts.

Understand and describe the importance of Akati Akpele Kendo.

Describe the power figure in Kongo art.

Analyze the technique and purpose of combining metal with woodcarving.

Explain the importance of the ancestral altar of King Eweka II of Benin.

Debate the assertion: “In Africa, art is nearly always an active agent in the lives of its peoples.”

Discuss an example of “coded information” included in African costume and jewelry, as well as other forms of body adornment such as elaborate coiffures and body painting.

MAP 38.1

MAP 38.1 Africa in the early 21st century.

Figure 38.1

38.1 Ancestral screen (nduen fobara), Kalabari Ijaw, Nigeria, late 19th century. Wood, fiber, and cloth, 3' 9 1/2" high. British Museum, London.

Figure 38.2

38.2 Reliquary guardian figure (bieri), Fang, Gabon, late 19th century. Wood, 1' 8 3/8" high. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia.

Figure 38.3

38.3 Reliquary guardian figure (mbulu ngulu), Kota, Gabon, early 20th century. Wood, copper, iron, and brass, 2' 2" high. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (gift of Geneviève McMillan in memory of Reba Stewart).

Figure 38.4

38.4 Royal ancestral altar of King Eweka II, in the palace in Benin City, Nigeria, photographed in 1970. Clay, copper alloy, wood, and ivory. Photo: National Museum of African Art, Washington, D.C.

Figure 38.5

38.5 Power figure (nkisi n’kondi), Kongo, from Shiloango River area, Democratic Republic of Congo, ca. 1875–1900. Wood, nails, blades, medicinal materials, and cowrie shell, 3' 10 3/4" high. Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit.

Figure 38.6

38.6 Seated couple, Dogon, Mali, ca. 1800–1850. Wood, 2' 4" high. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (gift of Lester Wunderman).

Figure 38.7

38.7 Male and female figures, probably spirits (asye usu), Baule, Côte d’Ivoire, late 19th or early 20th century. Wood, beads, and kaolin, man 1' 9 3/4" high, woman 1' 8 5/8" high. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (Michael C. Rockefeller Memorial Collection, gift of Nelson A. Rockefeller).

Figure 38.8

38.8 Osei Bonsu, akua’ba (“Akua’s child”), Asante, Ghana, ca. 1960. Wood and glass beads, 1' 2 1/2" high. National Museum of African Art, Washington, D.C. (gift of Herbert C. Madison).

Figure 38.9

38.9 Osei Bonsu, two men sitting at a table of food (linguist’s staff), Asante, Ghana, mid-20th century. Wood and gold leaf, section shown 10" high. Collection of the paramount chief of Offinso, Asante.

Figure 38.10

38.10 Large ceremonial spoon or ladle, Dan, from Liberia or western Côte d’Ivoire, late 19th or early 20th century. Wood and plant fiber, 1' 6 1/2" high. Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (Brown Foundation purchase).

Figure 38.11

38.11 Throne and footstool of King Nsangu, Bamum, Cameroon, ca. 1870. Wood, textile, glass beads, and cowrie shells, 5' 9" high. Museum für Völkerkunde, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Berlin.

Figure 38.12

38.12 Olowe of Ise, doors from the shrine of the king’s head in the royal palace, Ikere, Yoruba, Nigeria, 1910–1914. Painted wood, 6' high. British Museum, London.

Figure 38.12A

38.12A Olowe of Ise, veranda post, from Akure, Yoruba, Nigeria, 1920s. Wood and pigment, 14' 6" high. Denver Art Museum, Denver.

Figure 38.12B

38.12B Stock raid with cattle, horses, and encampment, rock painting, San, from Bamboo Mountain, South Africa, mid-19th century. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg.

Figure 38.12C

38.12C Magical “rain animal,” rock painting, San, from Bamboo Mountain, South Africa, mid-19th century. Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg.

Figure 38.13

38.13 Chibinda Ilunga, Chokwe, from Angola or Democratic Republic of Congo, late 19th to 20th century. Wood and human hair, 1' 4" high. Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth.

Figure 38.14

38.14 Akati Akpele Kendo, warrior figure (Gu?), from the palace of King Glele, Abomey, Fon, Republic of Benin, 1858–1859. Iron, 5' 5" high. Musée du quai Branly, Paris.

Figure 38.15

38.15 Yombe mother and child (pfemba), Kongo, Democratic Republic of Congo, late 19th century. Wood, glass, glass beads, brass tacks, and pigment, 10 1/8" high. National Museum of African Art, Washington, D.C.

Figure 38.15A

38.15A Ala and Amadioha, painted clay sculptures in an mbari ritual house, Igbo, Umugote Orishaeze, Nigeria, photographed in 1966.

Figure 38.16

38.16 Ancient Mother figure, Senufo, Côte d’Ivoire, early 20th century. Wood, 2' 11" high. National Museum of African Art, Washington, D.C. (gift of the Walt Disney Company).

Figure 38.17

38.17 Senufo masqueraders, Côte d’Ivoire.

Figure 38.18

38.18 “Beautiful Lady” dance mask, Senufo, Côte d’Ivoire, late 20th century. Wood. Private collection.

Figure 38.19

38.19 Satimbe masquerader, Dogon, Mali, mid- to late 20th century.

Figure 38.20

38.20 Bwoom masquerader, Kuba, Democratic Republic of Congo, photographed ca. 1950.

Figure 38.21

38.21 Ngady Amwaash mask, Kuba, Democratic Republic of Congo, late 19th or early 20th century. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge.

Figure 38.22

38.22 Ci Wara headdress, Bamana, from the Bamako region of Mali, late 19th or early 20th century. Wood, metal bands, and thread, 2' 11" high. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (Michael C. Rockefeller Collection, gift of Nelson A. Rockefeller).

Figure 38.23

38.23 D’mba mask, Baga, Guinea, late 19th or early 20th century. Wood and brass, 4' 4" high. Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven (Charles B. Benenson Collection).

Figure 38.24

38.24 Female Sowie mask, Mende, Sierra Leone, mid-to late 20th century. Painted wood, 1' 2 1/2" high. Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles (gift of the Wellcome Trust).

Figure 38.25

38.25 Kuba king Kot a-Mbweeky III during a display for photographer and filmmaker Eliot Elisofon in 1970, Mushenge, Democratic Republic of Congo.

Figure 38.26

38.26 Two Asante noblemen wearing kente cloth robes, Kumasi, Ghana, photographed in January 1972.

Figure 38.27

38.27 Samburu men and women preparing to dance, Samburu National Reserve, Kenya.

Discussion Questions

Compare the design and function of ceremonial masks from a culture in Africa with those from the Elema society of New Guinea and the Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest.

How did the throne and palace feature in traditional African cultures?

How did gender roles play out in the use and creation of art in different African cultures?

Why are so few individual African artists known by name? Why is this now changing?

History Unit 8 Assignment: Timeline Activity

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