Nursing

Article #

Author & Date

Evidence

Type

Sample, Sample

Size & Setting

Study findings that help answer the EBP

question

Limitations

Evidence Level & Quality

1

Concha-Rogazy, 2016

Systematic

review

12 scientific articles

□ N/A

-low risk of infection (<5%) when aseptic technique used for derm procedures

-iodine for broad spectrum of action against bacteria

-rise in costs when infections occur and antibiotics needed

to prevent infection

Selection bias

of articles used

Level one, B

2

Tambe, 2019

Case Report

20 nurses in a

Regional hospital in

Cameroon

□ N/A

-patient financial barriers and inadequate supply of sterile equipment/dressings are barriers to adherence

-using proper technique lowers risk of infection

- nurses are knowledgeable in proper technique but a small few still do not follow it

-Small sample size

-No competing

interests

Level five, A

3

Lin, 2019

Qualitative

72 registered

nurses in 28‐bed

general surgical

ward of a tertiary

hospital in Australia

□ N/A

The facilitators of adherence to aseptic guidelines in a clinical setting:

1) awareness of the importance and effects of surgical site infections, 2) hospital online modules on aseptic technique, and 3) hospital-wide program on handwashing adherence

The barriers of adherence to aseptic guidelines in a

clinical setting: 1) nurses were unaware of the setting to use aseptic

technique and 2) when to use clean vs. sterile gloves

Social desirability bias in a single research with a limited sample size

Level three, A

4

Towell, 2020

Qualitative

38 registered

nurses in an

emergency

department (ED) in

a tertiary hospital in

Australia

□ N/A

The influences of engagement towards standardizing aseptic technique in a clinical setting found were: 1)

motivation from self-autonomy, 2) relationships fueled by support and/or peer pressure, 3) education content & delivery, and 4) management directive which promoted

direction

Single research project with a small sample size

Level three, A

5

Mohsen, 2020

Qualitative

450 registered nurses, Shebin ElKoom University

Hospital

□ N/A

1) The hospitals need to conduct education and training programs to enhance knowledge of SSI prevention to improve the quality of nursing care in this area.

2) Improve compliance with the surgical site infection prevention guidelines through comprehensively modified

and updated nursing curriculum to include the prevention of surgical site infection.

3) Education and training program should be conducted to improve nurses’ knowledge and practice in some areas using evidence-based practice.

Self-reported measures in a single research

Level four, A

6

Suvikas-Peltonen, 2017

Systematic

Review

26 PubMed

studies/articles

□ N/A

1) Incorrect practices led to increased contamination.

2) Aseptic skill level and environment hindered or encouraged technique.

3) Lack of preparation and time lead to more infections.

A single search engine, a bias in selection

Level three, A

7

Clare, 2018

Mixed methods: Quantitative

And Qualitative

49 Registered Healthcare

Professionals in 2 hospital clinical settings

□ N/A

Barriers to following aseptic techniques:

-various and confusing definitions in literature leading to

practice variability, inadequate risk assessment, and

uncontrolled standards of practice

Establish adherence of aseptic technique through:

-improving staff understanding/competency (use of

common practice language and proper training)

-improve staff perceptions on their clinical practice

-use evidence based data to target education and training

areas

There was no randomization in the sample.

Level two, A

8

Johnson, 2018

Case Study

1 hospital in

Northern California

□ N/A

An interprofessional team decreased HAIs in a hospital by focusing on cost-avoidance efforts, root causes, and sustainment of improvement.

-evidenced based research is integrated into all policies

-each common HAI that occurs, is closely examined (cause and effect), and then shared with all staff members

-team engages staff in idea sharing to improve

interventions for each case of infection, improves accountability

Importance of adherence: HAI cause patient safety,

ethical, regulatory, financial, and legal risk

It's possible that a single case study can't be applied to a broader population.

Level five, A