Technology Entrepreneurship

The Paper’s Title Should be Centered, Bold, and Written in Title Case

[Author/Student’s Name]

[Department/School Name]

[Course/Number]

[Instructor Name]

July 22, 2020

Abstract

The main paragraph of the abstract should not be indented. An abstract quickly summarizes the main points of the paper that follows it. The APA v.7 manual does not give explicit directions for how long should be, but it does that most abstracts do not exceed 250 words (p. 38). By standard convention, abstracts do not contain citations of other works. If you need to refer to another work in the abstract, mentioning the author in the text can often suffice. Note that some institutions and publications may allow for citations in the abstract. Follow the abstract with selection of keywords that describe the important ideals or subjects in your paper. These help the online reader readers search for your paper in a database. The keyword list should have its first line indented. Begin the list with the label “Keywords:” (note the italics and colon). Follow this with a list of keywords written in lowercase (except for proper nouns) and separated by commas. Do not place a period at the end of the list. After this point, the student paper and professional papers are virtually the identical, besides the absence of a running head in the student paper.

The Paper’s Title Should be Centered, Bold, and Written in Title Case

[Indent the beginning of paragraph]

Second-Level headings are flush left, bold, and written in title case.

Third-Level headings are flush left, bold, written in title case, and italicized.

[Indent the beginning of paragraph]

Fourth-Level headings are bold and written in title case. Also indented and written in-line with the following paragraph and a period. [Begin paragraph here on the same line]

Fifth-Level headings are bold italicized and written in title case. Also indented and written in-line with the following paragraph and a period. [Begin paragraph here on the same line]

Conclusion and References

[This is the where the conclusion of your paper goes.]

APA-styled papers end with a concluding paragraph(s) followed by the list of reference entries (APA, 2020). The concluding paragraph(s) appear at the end of the body section without the heading of “Conclusion” and includes information about findings or conclusions revealed through the research process. You may briefly include suggestions of future research related to your research.

References are a list of all the works cited within the paper. The list derives from the research you have done and may include books, articles, internet resources, etc. Personal communications and interviews are not included in the list of References if these interactions are not recoverable by others. In this case, include information about these interactions within the body of your paper using appropriate citation (APA, 2020). Preference is given to the use of primary resources (original sources), rather than secondary resources (resources found within a primary source), for information in your paper (APA, 2020). Create your References page(s) in the format and style prescribed within Chapter 8 of APA Manual (APA, 2020).

Writing in the style of the 7th edition of the APA Manual will result in a smoothly written research paper based on your hypothesis or thesis statement crediting the scholarly efforts of others and including your original thoughts (APA, 2020). Using APA’s specific format and structure keeps the basic layout of your paper uniform with all others using APA-styled writing. When used properly, APA’s scholarly writing standards will allow a writer to create understandable, thoughtful, and jargon-free papers. Careful attention to the use of bias-free language and sensitivity pertaining to gender, race, and sexuality expressed through APA’s style of writing brings inclusivity to your paper. Finally, proper paraphrasing and quotation, which includes correct and appropriate citations and references to the original authors, validates your research efforts (APA, 2020).

References

American Psychological Association. (2020). Disability. APA Style. https://apastyle.apa.org/stylegrammar-guidelines/bias-free-language/disability

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.).

Bradley, L., Noble, N., & Hendricks, B. (2020). The APA Publication Manual: Changes in the seventh edition. The Family Journal: Counseling and Therapy for Couples and Families, 28(2), 126-130. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1066480720911625

Charlebois, J. (2016). Sexual orientation. In C. L. Shehan (Ed.), Wiley-Blackwell encyclopedias in social science: The Wiley Blackwell encyclopedia of family studies. Wiley. Credo Reference. https://tinyurl.com/yaaotug9

Chen, J., Kingston, N., Tiemann, G. & Gu, F. (2010). Hypothesis. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of research design. Sage Publications. Credo Reference. https://tinyurl.com/yaxhouey

Cherry, K. (2020, April 11). How to write an outline in APA format. Verywellmind.com. https://www.verywellmind.com/apa-outline-format-4685910

CHOICE Media Channel. (2020, Feb. 14). Creating References Using Seventh Edition APA Style [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/gmZIfLX_qs8

Gill, F., & Gill. (2012). Gender identity. In H. K. Anheier, & M. Juergensmeyer (Eds.), Encyclopedia of global studies. Sage Publications. Credo Reference. https://tinyurl.com/y7r7by38

Romero, L., & Romero, L. (2008). Socioeconomic status. In F. T. Leong, Encyclopedia of counseling. Sage Publications. Credo Reference. https://tinyurl.com/y8b3c9ab

Appendix

Student Papers Format and Tips

Formatting of an APA paper (for all computers except Mac’s):

Use this guide to set up your student paper. Check the APA Manual for professional paper format.

1. Use one of the approved fonts and points throughout your paper. These include: Calibri-11; Arial-11, Lucida-10, Sans Unicode-10, Times New Roman-12, Georgia-11, or Computer Modern.

2. Use 1-inch margins for all borders of your paper. To ensure that the bottom margin remains at 1-inch, when setting up your paper, find the “Paragraph” dialog box in the ribbon and click on the “Paragraph Settings” button in the right-hand corner. Click on the “Line and Page Breaks” tab. Unclick the box in front of “Widow/Orphan control.” Press “Ok.”

3. Use double spacing throughout the entire paper. Adjust your settings to remove extra spacing after each paragraph by finding the “Paragraph” dialog box in the ribbon, and clicking on the Line and Spacing icon. Select 2.0, then click box in front of “Remove Space after Paragraph.” Press “Ok.”

Tips:

1. To save yourself time, create your own APA Template. Undergraduates will create a 3-page template: Title, Body, References. Graduate’s template with be 4-pages: Title, Abstract, Body, References. Follow formatting guides above. Mock-up for each template page with filler words and appropriate bolded fonts and spacing. Save as “APA Template.”

2. Use DOI’s for appropriate Reference entries. If no DOI is given, use CrossRef’s “Free DOI Lookup”. Go to https://www.crossref.org/guestquery. Fill in the form. Note: not all boxes must be filled. Click on “search.” If response is “No DOI found” check for spelling errors and mistakes, then resubmit. If response is still void, then use appropriate URL instead.