Unit 7 Assignment

Paraphrases and Quotations 269 e surname, the initials standard author-date

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I searched the Journal of Abnormal Psychology for studies to include in the meta­ analysis.

Common software and mobile apps are treated in a similar manner; in most cases, it is sufficient to mention the name of the program or app and the version used (if known) in the text, without providing an in-text citation or reference list entry (see Section 10.10). Likewise, for apparatuses, provide a reference for pecialized products only (see Section 10.10).

Paraphrases and Quotations

8.23 Principles of Paraphrasing .-\ paraphrase restates another's idea (or your own previously published idea) in your own words. Paraphrasing is an effective writing strategy because it allows authors to summarize and synthesize information from one or more sources, ocus on significant information, and compare and contrast relevant details. Published authors paraphrase their sources most of the time, rather than directly quoting the sources; student authors should emulate this practice by paraphrasing more than directly quoting. Use a professional tone when describ- ing a concept, idea, or finding in your own words (see Section 4.7).

Cite the work you paraphrase in the text using either the narrative or paren- thetical format (see Section 8.11).

Avid readers of science fiction and fantasy books are more likely than readers of other genres to believe in futuristic scenarios­for example, that it will someday be possible to travel to other galaxies or power a car on solar energy (Black et al., 2018).

Although it is not required to provide a page or paragraph number in the cita- tion for a paraphrase, you may include one in addition to the author and year when it would help interested readers locate the relevant passage within a long or complex work (e.g., a book).

Webster­Stratton (2016) described a case example of a 4­year­old girl who showed an insecure attachment to her mother; in working with the family dyad, the therapist focused on increasing the mother's empathy for her child (pp. 152­153).

The guidelines in this section pertain to when authors read a primary source and paraphrase it themselves. If you read a paraphrase of a primary source in a published work and want to cite that source, it is best to read and cite the primary source directly if possible; if not, use a secondary source citation (see Section 8.6).

8.24 Long Paraphrases A paraphrase may continue for several sentences. In such cases, cite the work being paraphrased on first mention. Once the work has been cited, it is not necessary to repeat the citation as long as the context of the writing makes it clear that the same work continues to be paraphrased (see Figure 8.4 for an example). The citation may be either parenthetical or narrative; if you select the narrative approach and repeat the author names in the narra- tive of subsequent sentences, the year of the work can often be omitted (see Section 8.16).