Paper 4 Marketing strategy and consumer behavior

APA Changes

6th Edition

7Th Edition

Header

Required running head (on first page), title in all caps & page number

Ex.

Running head: TITLE OF PAPER 1

Only requires a page number (right justified)

Ex.

1

Title Page

Center and double-space the following information:

Title of Paper

Student Name

University Name

Center, double-space the following information:

Title of Paper (centered in bold – extra space to separate title from remaining information)

Student Name

University Name

Course Code: Course Title

Professor’s Name

Assignment Due Date

Title

Add title at top of first page, title case

Title of Your Paper

Text begins here....

Add title at top of first page, bold, title case

Title of Your Paper

Text begins here...

Fonts

Sans serif fonts, primarily Times New Roman

More flexible; still recommends sans serif/serif fonts (11-point Calibri, 11-point Arial, 10-point Lucida/12-point Times New Roman, or 11-point Georgia)

Any readable font is permissible

Abstracts

The word count ranges between 150 – 250 words depending on type of paper.

No abstracts unless instructor assigns.

No changes from 6th Edition

Headings

1

Centered, Bold, Title Case Heading

2

Flush Left, Bold, Title Case Heading

3

Indented, bold, lowercase paragraph heading, ending with a period.

4

Indented, bold, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading, ending with a period.

5

Indented, italicized, lowercase paragraph heading ending with a period.

See the following

Note changes in levels 3-5.

1

Centered, Bold, Title Case Heading

2

Flush Left, Bold, Title Case Heading

3

Flush Left, Bold, Italicized, Title Case Heading

4

Indented, Bold, Title Case Heading, Ending with a Period.

5

Indented, Bold, Italicized, Title Case Heading, Ending with a Period.

Writing Style and Grammar

Singular “they” not endorsed

(Ex. “A person should enjoy his or her work”).

The singular “they” is now endorsed

(Ex. “A person should enjoy their work”).

Line spacing

Space twice after punctuation marks at the end of a sentence. Space once after commas, colons, and semicolons.

Space once after a punctuation mark at the end of a sentence.

*Paper is still double-spaced

In-text usage of italics v. quotation marks for special words

Italics are acceptable for emphasis if it would otherwise be lost.

Italics are still acceptable for emphasis, but quotation marks can be used instead of italics for further emphasis of special words.

Tables & Figures

No color used

Color is now acceptable

In-text citation

1 author: (Jameson, 2017)

2 authors: (Craig & Robinson, 2018)

3-5 authors: (Salas, Smith, Jones, Markson, & Caesar, 2016)

1 author: (Jameson, 2017)

2 authors: (Craig & Robinson, 2018)

3 authors or more: (Salas et al., 2016)

*to avoid ambiguity, more than one author’s name may need to be cited:

(Kapoor, Bloom, Montez, et al., 2019)

(Kapoor, Bloom, Zucker, et al., 2019)

In-text citation without pagination for direct quotes

For electronic sources that do not provide page numbers use the paragraph number

Ex: (Smith, 2007, para. 5).

Now, any of the following may be used:

Heading/section name

(Delany & Markson, 2015, Servant leadership section)

Shortened heading/section name

(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016, “Options for Treatment” section)

* In this example, the full title was: Options for Treatment with Patients of Kidney Disease

Paragraph number

(McKinney, 2019, para. 3)

Heading/section plus paragraph number

(Danon, 2017, Teaching Techniques section, para. 4).

Reference List

More than 7 authors: ellipsis is used.

Hyperlinks removed.

Ex.

https://nytimes.com.123356j34

DOIs could be represented solely by a number:

Ex. – doi:1237345230482309

City and state required with publisher

Ex:

Boston, MA: Routledge.

No DOI needed for physical copies of articles/books

Example of authored book with available DOI:

Brown, L. S. (2018). Feminist therapy (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Write: Retrieved from before URL link

Ex.

Retrieved from https://newsroom.23893459

No retrieval dates needed

Now up to 20 authors can be included in the reference entry before ellipsis are used.

Hyperlinks are embedded (generally blue and underlined)

https://nytimes.com.123356j34

DOIs will now be presented with the URL:

Ex. - https://doi.xxxxxxx

City and state are no longer needed with publishers

Ex.:

Routledge.

If DOI is available, include DOI with physical copies of resources

Example of authored book with available DOI:

Brown, L. S. (2018). Feminist therapy (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.00000092-000

No longer need to state: Retrieved from

Ex.

https://newsroom.23893459

Provide retrieval dates only when an online source is designed to change.

URLs

When using URLS, give the exact URL for the source you are citing.

If the URL requires a login, provide the URL of the home page.

Ex: http://www.nytimes.com