Biology - Anatomy help with (3) assignments due in 48 hours
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AP2-LabUnit-1TheHeart.pptxHuman Anatomy and Physiology II Lab The Heart _________________________________
Dr. Joseph Orban
Distinguished Professor and
Director of Biomedical Research Development
Southern University at Shreveport Louisiana
318-670-9360
19-2
The Cardiovascular (Circulatory) System
____________________________
Components
Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood
Functions
Transport (blood, nutrients, water)
Protection (white blood cells)
Regulation (body temperature)
19-3
Cardiovascular System Circuits Pulmonary Circulation Systemic Circulation Coronary circulation
19-4
Coronary Vessels
19-5
External Anatomy of the Heart
19-6
Internal Anatomy of the Heart
19-7
Location of the Heart
Located in mediastinum, between lungs
Base - broad superior portion of heart
Apex - inferior end, tilts to the left, tapers to point
Size - 3.5 in. wide at base, 5 in. from base to apex and 2.5 in. anterior to posterior; weighs 10 oz
19-8
The Heart _________________________
Structure of the Heart
Pericardium
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Atria
Ventricules
Septum
Valves (tricuspid - right, bicuspid - left)
19-9
Pericardium and Heart Wall
Pericardial cavity contains 5-30 ml of pericardial fluid
19-10
Chambers of the Heart ____________________________
Four Chambers
Right and Left atria
two superior, posterior chambers
receive blood returning to heart
Right and Left Ventricles
two inferior chambers
pump blood into arteries
Atrioventricular sulcus- separates atria, ventricles
Anterior and posterior sulci - grooves separate ventricles
19-11
Heart Valves
19-12
Operation of Semilunar Valves
19-13
Blood Flow Through Heart
19-14
Cardiac Conduction System
19-15
1) Atrial depolarization begins
2) Atrial depolarization complete (atria contracted)
3) Ventricles begin to depolarize at apex; atria repolarize (atria relaxed)
4) Ventricular depolarization complete (ventricles contracted)
5) Ventricles begin to repolarize at apex
6) Ventricular repolarization complete (ventricles relaxed)
Electrical Activity of Myocardium
19-16
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Composite of all action potentials of nodal and myocardial cells detected, amplified and recorded by electrodes on arms, legs and chest
19-17
Normal Electrocardiogram (ECG)
19-18
ECGs, Normal and Abnormal
19-19
ECGs, Abnormal
Extrasystole : note inverted QRS complex, misshapen QRS and T and absence of a P wave preceding this contraction.
19-20
ECGs, Abnormal
Arrhythmia: conduction failure at AV node
No pumping action occurs
