Research Proposal

Jamiah Taylor

March 19, 2021

Professor Estrada

Soc 330

Research Proposal Annotated Bibliography

Alang, S., AcAlpine, D., McCreedy, E., & Hardeman, R. (2017)Police Brutality and Black Health: Setting the Agenda for Public Health Scholars. Am J Public Health. 2017 May; 107(5): 662–665. Doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2017.303691

The authors in this article investigate the relationships between police brutality and poor health outcomes among Blacks. The details reveal violation of human rights. There has been police brutality toward Blacks for a very long time is compared to the White population. This happens through use of excessive physical violence including sexual and emotional. Empirical data show that Blacks have faced adverse psychological responses that lead to morbidity, fatal injuries which result in population-specific mortality rates, and racist public reacto9ns that cause stress. Sometimes, Blacks encounter incarcerations, medical, legal, and funeral bills as a result of arrests and these lead to financial strain. Then there is integrated oppressive structures which lead to systematic disempowerment of the victims. This article shares that in 2015 ‘young men were nine times more likely that other Americans to be killed by police officers’. In 2005, Dondi Johnson who was placed in a police vehicle for public urination lest the car a quadriplegic who later died from sustained injury.

Among the mentioned evidence to police brutality and violation of rights is The Eric Garner video proves how the police violate rights of the Black communities when they conduct harassment, 8unwarranted searchers among related brutal treatment of the people. This source compared to others, gives a detailed and comprehensive information on the topic. It is scholarly and carried with it statistical information which is paramount in building my proposal and research.

Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (2016) Thematic Hearing on Excessive Use of Force by the Police against Black Americans in the United States. 1-112

This article covers the pervasive and disproportionate police violence against Black Americans as a result of multiple discrimination, condemnation of treatment of the blacks by international bodies, police killings as an urgent concern, and the impact it has on the Black Americans. The article does cover the legal framework concerning use of force by the police, the police training, and aggressive and discriminatory police practices. The source gives a lot of evidence and statistics on the violation of rights of various people who find their way in the hands of the police.

The source gives evidence such as the situation of 2015 where the police officers killed about 1139 people in the US, over 25 % who were black Americans. Most of the people were killed when unarmed. Using this source can help in acquiring a lot of information on background information and findings. The source considers diverse viewpoints and statistics about the subject matter.

Miller TR, Lawrence BA, Carlson NN et al. (2017) Perils of police action: a cautionary tale from US data sets. In Prev. 23(1):27–32.

The article targets citing and characterizing the injuries resulting in from legal interventions by the US law enforcement personnel in line with the arrest ratios. An evaluation using the vital Statistics mortality census of the year 2012 show how arrests expose people it injury or killings. Results show that at least 55, 400 people in 2012 were injured or killed after arrest by the police. High number of arrests targeted Native Americans, Hispanics, and Blacks out of whom 1 in 291 arrests led to serious injury or death.

The source is objective, non-biased and comprehensive in the research. Through evaluation of statistics on injury or death one can determine the levels of violation of human rights in the police dispensation of duties.

US Commission of Civil Rights. (2018)Police use of force: An examination of modern policing practices. 1-230.

The article talks about issues of use of force, police oversight and accountability and efforts necessary in changing the law enforcement behaviour. According to the author, the investigations by the US. Commission of Civil rights shows that police violate rights of persons with disabilities, low-income persons, persons of color, LGBT communities by using force, nonprofessional practices of treating the suspects, conducting searches, and even considering them as criminals. The objective research affords reliable data that can help one understand a lot about how the police treat various people.

In one such case of Graham V Connor, objective reasonableness is lost as the police shoot in the moving vehicle and cause injury to the occupants. The source gives reliable and unlike other sources, this source indirectly gives ways in which the police violate human rights. This book can help build my proposal as it has both background information and findings targeted to answer the research question in my proposal.

AECHR (2018) Afro-Americans, police use of force, and human rights in the United States: Police violence against Afro-descendant in the United States.1-166.

The article covers racial discrimination in policing practices, in the criminal justice system, and specific structural issues that emerge UN the due process. The persistency in the inhumane treatment, arrests, discriminative treatment, and policing that is brutal among the African Americans has been a great violation of the human rights. The book shows that among the most violated rights nd those to life, rights from nondiscrimination, due process, and personal integrity. Out of an investigation by the commission, the book observes that there is need for observation of principles of proportionality, absolute necessity, legality lethal force that lead to protection of life and prevention of cruelty inhuman treatment, and degrading consideration of the African-Americans.

The research is conducted in an objective manner because it comes from experts who understand what human rights involve and what it means by violating it. Unlike other articles used here, this book is quite detailed and addressed how rights are violated directly. It can be resourceful in this kind of research that will enhance the answering of my research question.