Drug Traffic

Running head: DRUG TRAFFICKING 1

DRUG TRAFFICKING 2

Drug trafficking

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Lancaster, K., Hughes, C., & Ritter, A. (2017). ‘Drug dogs unleashed’: An historical and political account of drug detection dogs for street-level policing of illicit drugs in New South Wales, Australia. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 50(3), 360-378.

The article shows the historical account which is related to the development of drug detection using dogs. Dogs were used to detect illicit drugs, and it has become one of the strategies which are used to combat drug trafficking. In political and historical context policies have been developed in addressing the issue of drug trafficking. Use of dogs is one of the strategies which is used to detect drug trafficking, and they play important roles. Drug policies help in reducing the incidences of drug trafficking and other associated impacts.

Fukumi, S. (2016). Cocaine trafficking in Latin America: EU and US policy responses. Routledge.

The article explains the role of women in drug trafficking in the USA. Most of the illicit drugs are transported by women. Historically, drug trafficking was linked to men, but nowadays women have taken a big role n distributed of the illicit drugs. The domineering role of the males made them be linked to the drugs and those who provided. Little attention was given to the role of women in drug trafficking as they were viewed as powerlessness who cannot involve in such matters. Illicit drugs such as cocaine and Heroin are smuggled by women as they are less suspected to be carrying illicit drugs.

Bagley, B. M., & Rosen, J. D. (2015). Drug trafficking, organized crime, and violence in the Americas today. University Press of Florida.

The article explains how the United States has become a consumer of illicit drugs despite efforts which have been made to combat it. Drug trafficking has become a global problem with many countries consuming illicit drugs. Policies have been implemented to control drug trafficking and reduce crimes which are related to it. Some of these policies regulate on how the victims of drug trafficking should be charged. Violence and organized crime are also linked to drug trafficking.

Broséus, J., Rhumorbarbe, D., Mireault, C., Ouellette, V., Crispino, F., & Décary-Hétu, D. (2016). Studying illicit drug trafficking on Darknet markets: structure and organization from a Canadian perspective. Forensic science international, 264, 7-14.

The article investigates Darknet markets which are used as a center for illicit drug trafficking. Online platforms are used to provide a market for illicit drugs. Technological techniques are used to ensure that the drugs reach to the buyer. Most of the illicit drug trafficking are distributed through online market until they reach the destination countries. Vendors are diversified and continue to replicate marketplaces to provide a wide range of market and come across many customers. Online market places play a critical role in the distribution or selling of drugs.

Belackova, V., Ritter, A., Shanahan, M., & Hughes, C. E. (2017). Assessing the concordance between illicit drug laws on the books and drug law enforcement: comparison of three states on the continuum from “decriminalized” to “punitive”. International Journal of Drug Policy, 41, 148-157.

The book assesses how illicit drug laws have been enforced in different States. There are variations of the drug laws in various countries though they aim at combating the problem of drug trafficking. In Florida, many people have been sentenced because of drug trafficking. The laws continue to change as there is a change in technology and ways which are used by the drug traffickers to smuggle drugs. There is a need to research strategies which are used in human trafficking.

Csete, J., Kamarulzaman, A., Kazatchkine, M., Altice, F., Balicki, M., Buxton, J., ... & Hart, C. (2016). Public health and international drug policy. The Lancet, 387(10026), 1427-1480.

The book demonstrates the international policy of illicit drugs and how it is related to public health. Sustainable Development Goals aim at ensuring that the health of people is safe and most of the illicit drugs have been controlled. Illicit drugs trafficking affect the well being of the people because most of them who use drugs have poor health. International policy of the drugs is against drug trafficking as it affects the people and their social well-being.

Slack, J., & Campbell, H. (2016). On Narco‐coyotaje: Illicit Regimes and Their Impacts on the US–Mexico Border. Antipode, 48(5), 1380-1399.

The book illustrates how those who are involved in human trafficking also participate in the organization of drug trafficking. There is a relationship between human trafficking and drug trafficking since most of the people are involved in both activities. Policies should be enforced to burn both of the illegal activities as they create problems such as violence and other related crime. There should be severe punishment for those who are involved in drug trafficking. Illicit drugs are linked with law problems, and people who have received criminal records due to drug trafficking can have a challenge when finding jobs.

Azizi, H. (2018). Analyzing the Impacts of Drug Trafficking on Human Security in Central Asia. Strategic Analysis, 42(1), 42-47.

The article explains the impacts of drug trafficking concerning human security. There are many changes which have taken place in drug trafficking, and it has impacted numerous people. Many people have been imprisoned and others sentenced. In Central Asia, drug trafficking has an impact on the people such that those who have been imprisoned find it hard to be accepted in society. It is also hard for them to find a job due to criminal records.