Artificial Intelligence- Alexa, Google home- OUTLINE

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Home >Information Systems homework help >Artificial Intelligence- Alexa, Google home- OUTLINE

Toshia R. Hardman

Technology and Culture

Project: Phase 2 – Annotated Bibliography

Topic: Artificial Intelligence

November 12, 2018

Annotated Bibliography

LaFrance, David B. "Hey, Alexa, Is My Water Safe?" Journal - American Water Works Association, vol. 110, no. 10, 2018, pp. 12-12.

The article describes and addresses the modern society to be at the risk of losing the fundamental knowledge because they have become more reliant to the computer (LaFrance 12). The author gives an example of a simple sum of two plus two where he says that if the network indicates the answer to be five; most people in today would believe that. Most people today cannot gather information even from their trusted neighbor instead they use online information to make their information (LaFrance 12). Due to this, most businesses continue to lose influence as customers go for artificial assistance each time they want to gather information. This forces most business and companies to make relationships with technology platforms for them, to achieve. For instance, water sources should have direct contact with their customers since they have the obligation of protecting the health of the public (LaFrance 12). Therefore the material waterworks company must ensure that the knowledge and the information about that their customers are getting from Google and other online sources are real and valid (LaFrance 12).

Allen, Jonathan P. "The Evolution of New Mobile Applications: A Sociotechnical Perspective." International Journal of Electronic Commerce, vol. 8, no. 1, 2003, pp. 23-36.

This article emphasizes on technology as a significant factor that has let to increase in the rise in the completion in social, economic, military and cultural selection. The article points out that the evolution of new applications should promote social interaction processes (Allen 5). The research is investigating the rise of new applications for PDAs in this first category of computing. Even though technology described as a great source of scientific knowledge, it has led to a lot of social complexity. Technology change brought about when all divisions involved in social interactions with common problems and solutions agree to work together (Allen 6). Most investors are always ready to provide resources required to develop new technologies. On the other side, consumers are also prepared to acquire the use of these new technologies in several ways. Based on sociology, new technologies emerging should aim at sustaining social interaction among people (Allen 5). To achieve this, the producers should aim at solving this barrier of the dilemma faced by particular users. Hence just as stated in the article, the primary objective of technology should be to provide solutions to the problems faced today (Allen 8).

Easwara Moorthy, Aarthi, and Kim-Phuong L. Vu. "Privacy Concerns for Use of Voice Activated Personal Assistant in the Public Space." International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, vol. 31, no. 4, 2014, pp. 307-335.

The article describes voice interface is a significant feature in smartphones application that has made it possible for the users to set a reminder call a contact and send a text message by the use of a voice impute (Easwara and Kim-Phuong 308). The purpose of this technology has led to some advantages for example when used in public places; others may think they are monitored of being commanded to behave well. It can also lead to discomfort in public for instance in quiet areas, disclosing some information such as their credit card numbers may be difficult for them or even sending a close message while in a crowded field. Mobile phones are used anytime and anywhere (Easwara and Kim-Phuong 308). Also though talking with a mobile phone in public is always annoying, technology adaptation has a lot of importance. It has facilitated behavioral intentions of most people, especially in public setting (Easwara and Kim-Phuong 308).

Strayer, David L., et al. "The smartphone and the driver’s cognitive workload: A comparison of Apple, Google, and Microsoft’s intelligent personal assistants." Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue canadienne de psychologie expérimentale, vol. 71, no. 2, 2017, pp. 93-110.

According to the article, research done by traffic safety indicates that about 58% of the accidents caused by teenage drivers are due to inattention. They concentrate more on their devices when driving yet the eyes cannot focus on two different locations at the same time. They are therefore forced to withdraw their attention on the road and focus on the device while driving (Strayer et al. 99). The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) is working on some guidelines that can help in minimizing the used of electronics when driving. The most appropriate way is only by equipping the vehicles with voice-based interphase. With this, the drivers can easily select the music the music they want to listen to and get the climatic and GPS information without dialing or typing than on the screen (Strayer et al. 108). Even though the voice-based technology may enable the driver to concentrate more on the road, the cognitive level of the driver may increase due to a lot of technological interaction with the vehicle (Strayer et al. 94).

Berry, Pauline M., et al. "Evaluating intelligent knowledge systems: experiences with a user-adaptive assistant agent." Knowledge and Information Systems, vol. 52, no. 2, 2016, pp. 379-409.

Efficient technology has contributed to corporate productivity and personal convenience. Lack of enough reassessment, evaluation and design may lead to some risks such as harming businesses instead of building them and hindering their users instead of making them. Therefore it is essential to consider the following factors when evaluating the efficiency of the technology; the interests and the contexts of the users and the stakeholders (Berry et al 380). It is important to note that assessing one component and leaving out the other cab mislead. Different user-adaptive systems may need different evaluation approaches. The way and rate at which the users are going to adapt to the system determines the failure or success of the evaluation. The evaluation targets mainly four significant components: calendar proxy, user interphase, preference learner and the constraint reasoner (Berry et al. 382). The calendar proxy should be able to provide a connection to other calendar servers (Berry et al. 380).

Rehman, Amjad, and Tanzila Saba. "Evaluation of artificial intelligent techniques to secure information in enterprises." Artificial Intelligence Review 42.4 (2014): 1029-1044.

The article is about the experiences obtained when evaluating the systems that are knowledge-based meant to assist a busy knowledge worker in keeping time. It is stated in the article that the security of information system is under threat particularly in enterprise. Studies have been carried out to identify issues but there is need for enhancements in CALO. According to Rehman and Saba (1030), the objective of CALO is to confirm the availability of the possible learning effects on CALO's performances as an office assistant (Rehman & Saba, 1031). Machine learning is the central area of interest. The test failed to consider the usability also known as the user opinion. The main aim of the evaluation was to the usefulness technology and its design. Having the following hypotheses; both the score and difference of BCALO and LCALO increases after some period of years. The authors state that conventional techniques for detection are necessary to identify future issues.

References

Allen, Jonathan P. "The Evolution of New Mobile Applications: A Sociotechnical Perspective." International Journal of Electronic Commerce, vol. 8, no. 1, 2003, pp. 23-36.

Berry, Pauline M., et al. "Evaluating intelligent knowledge systems: experiences with a user-adaptive assistant agent." Knowledge and Information Systems, vol. 52, no. 2, 2016, pp. 379-409.

LaFrance, David B. "Hey, Alexa, Is My Water Safe?" Journal - American Water Works Association, vol. 110, no. 10, 2018, pp. 12-12.

Rehman, Amjad, and Tanzila Saba. "Evaluation of artificial intelligent techniques to secure information in enterprises." Artificial Intelligence Review 42.4 (2014): 1029-1044.