Bibliography

Wright 1

Kendron Wright

Professor Angela Taylor

ENGL 1301-51018

11/22/20

Research Question: Should America offer its citizens universal healthcare?

Thesis Statement: Access to efficient and effective healthcare—regardless of one’s ability to

pay, is a necessity; therefore, universal healthcare should be a fundamental human right.

Annotated Bibliography

Abrams, Abigail, and Charlotte Alter. “Trump Is Trying to End Obamacare in the Middle of a

Pandemic. That’s a Huge Gift to Biden.” Time.Com, June 2020, p. N.PAG. Accessed 22

Nov. 2020.

In this article, “Trump Is Trying to End Obamacare in the Middle of a Pandemic. That’s a

Huge Gift to Biden.”, clarifies without the Affordable Care Act (ACA), less individuals would

be qualified for insurance through Medicaid. In addition to low and middle-income families who

rely heavily on Obamacare battling to purchase protection, assurances for those with pre-existing

conditions would vanish as well. Moreover, the overturn of ACA would rid companies of the

responsibility of selling insurance to those who need it and charging the same cost to anyone

with similar insurance regardless of the circumstances. Disassembling the law would increase

racial disparity and make it harder for individuals to get coverage at a time when COVID-19 is

disproportionately affecting Black and Latino Americans and leaving thousands with possibly

enduring unattended issues.

Wright 2

Brownson, Ross C., et al. “Reimagining Public Health in the Aftermath of a Pandemic.”

American Journal of Public Health, vol. 110, no. 11, Nov. 2020, pp. 1605–1610.

Accessed 22 Nov. 2020.

The article “Reimagining Public Health in the Aftermath of a Pandemic” informs readers

on how the stresses of the pandemic surrounding COVID-19 has created an extreme demand for

a reinvented public healthcare system. The poor, chronically ill, and minorities—who are already

under or uninsured, are disproportionately subject to the dangers of COVID-19. Brownson states

that the pandemic has emphasized the lack of proper healthcare, which is caused by the lack of

accessibility to accurate scientific information and public health investments. The author states

the reinvention of the public health system will rely heavily on great leadership and political will.

"Preface to 'What Are the Causes of Poverty in America?'." Poverty, edited by Karen Balkin,

Greenhaven Press, 2004. Opposing Viewpoints. Gale in Context: Opposing Viewpoints.

Accessed 22 Nov. 2020.

In the article, “Preface to ‘What Are the Causes of Poverty in America?’”, Karen Balkin

explains the cause and effect of many poor families who cannot afford healthcare and those who

need more assistance. Balkin believes that with millions of Americans lacking healthcare

insurance, healthcare issues will worsen the rate of poverty in America. Balkin argues that lack

of health insurance results in paying for expensive hospital services that these individuals simply

cannot afford. In conclusion, Balkin weighs in on the lack of affordable healthcare and its impact

on poor families.

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Rosenbloom, David. “The Precarious Path to Universal Health Coverage.” Human Rights, vol.

45, no. 4, Oct. 2020, pp. 10–12. EBSCOhost. Accessed 22 Nov. 2020

In his article, “The Precarious Path to Universal Health Coverage.”, David Rosenbloom

explains that over 100-years of attempts to widespread universal health care in America appears

to be simpler said than done. The author points out that many healthy and wealthy people argue

that they pay for the medical care of the sick and poor resulting in a distribution of wealth.

Furthermore, when caring for patients with Medicare and Medicaid, hospitals already lose

money or barely break even. However, hospitals make up for these loses with employer-

sponsored insurance. This article discusses the controversy surrounding universal healthcare, as

well as offer solutions to challenges surrounding such reform.

Roszak, Dennis J. “Most Uninsured Americans Do Not Know Where to Go for Lowest Cost

Health Care, HSC Researchers Find.” H&HN: Hospitals & Health Networks, vol. 79, no.

2, Feb. 2005, pp. 76–78. Accessed 22 Nov. 2020.

In this article, “Most Uninsured Americans Do Not Know Where to Go for Lowest Cost

Health Care, HSC Researchers Find.”, Dennis J. Roszak sheds awareness that rates of

inequalities as it concerns to relying on safety net providers as primary care amongst uninsured

people are higher in racial and ethnic communities more than the white community. More than

half of uninsured Blacks and Latinos were aware of a safety net provider as compared to 1 out of

10 whites partially due to their likelihood of having a lower average income. Although 45

percent of these individuals identified physician offices and clinics as safety net providers,

approximately 8 percent of uninsured Americans still referred to hospital emergency rooms as a

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safety net. As the title suggest, this article not only speaks to the unawareness of where to find

affordable healthcare, but the need of affordable healthcare.

“The Singapore Healthcare System: An Overview.” Affordable Excellence: The Singapore

Health System, by William A. Haseltine, Brookings Institution Press, 2013, pp. 1

15. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.7864/j.ctt6wpcs5.6. Accessed 22 Nov. 2020.

In this article, “The Singapore Healthcare System,” William A. Haseltine discusses the

benefits of universal healthcare as exhibited in the country of Singapore. The author explains that

risen health standards of the nation and the building of the care system were a result of economic

gains, which suggest that universal healthcare and a good economy can coexist. With risen health

standards, citizens benefit from a government that promotes fairness and well-being for all—

ultimately promoting social harmony. Furthermore, with universal healthcare, the life expectancy

of citizen of Singapore has increased.