The selected research topic is interventions used in the reduction of nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infections or hospital-acquired infections are acquired as a result of a toxin or an infection present in certain locations such as the hospital. They are infections that must happen in a healthcare facility when someone is admitted due to reasons other than the infection. Nosocomial infections heighten the cost of care provision, increases patient morbidity and comorbid challenges and lower patient recovery rate (Son, Daniels, &Sepkowitz, 2012). They are also associated with heighten patient suffering but can be resolved using different interventions. Some of the mostly used interventions in the prevention of nosocomial infections include the multi-disciplinary collaborative based measures and performing routine baseline preventive practice.
Annotated Bibliography
Kirtil, I., & Akyuz, N. (2018). Precautions are taken by nurses about the prevention of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Intensive Care Units. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 34(2), 399.
The research by Kirtil and Akyuz (2018) explores the contact precautions used by nurses in intensive care units to prevent nosocomial infections. The researchers adopted the use of descriptive quantitative research design using questionnaires as the tools for data collection. They performed the research in intensive care units using 85 nurses who worked in different various intensive care units. The authors assessed surgical site infections, ventilator-associated infections, urinary catheterization, and intravenous catheterization. Kirtil and Akyuz (2018) found that the percentage of nurses that practiced the contact precautions in the prevention of hospital-acquired infections was estimated to be 62.5% for attempts related to disinfection/ sterilization of the medical devices, 29.4% for isolation preventions, 27.1% for ventilator-associated infections, 72.9% for catheter-associated urinary tract infections, 67.1% for surgical site infections, and 8.2% for catheter-related bloodstream infections.
The result from the research indicated that there are many interventions in preventing nosocomial infections. It further highlights the most used strategy by indicating the percentage of nurses who adopted the use of each intervention.
Murni, I. K., Duke, T., Kinney, S., Daley, A. J., & Soenarto, Y. (2015). Reducing hospital-acquired infections and improving the rational use of antibiotics in a developing country: An effectiveness study. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100(5), 454-459.
This research by Murni et al. (2015) aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of implementing antibiotic stewardship programme and multifaceted infection control in the prevention of nosocomial infections. The authors performed a before and after study over 27 months in an Indonesia teaching hospital. The multidimensional intervention used in the research included elementary infection control practices, antibiotic stewardship, and hand hygiene stewardship and the data was collected using an identical method in the postintervention and postintervention period.
The research findings indicate a 14% reduction in hospital-acquired infections with the use of multifaceted intervention from preintervention period to the postintervention period. There was a decline in inappropriate antibiotic use and an increase in hand hygiene compliance. There was also a reduction in the mortality rate.
The research extends the insight availed by Kirtil and Akyuz (2018). Kirtil and Akyuz (2018) focus on specific interventions adopted by the medical personnel in reducing nosocomial infections. Murni et al. (2015), on the other hand, offers a different approach to preventing nosocomial infections while indicating its effectiveness.
Cohen, C. C., Cohen, B., & Shang, J. (2015). The effectiveness of contact precautions against multidrug-resistant organism transmission in acute care: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Hospital Infection, 90(4), 275-284.
The research by Cohen, Cohen, and Shang (2015) explores the effectiveness of contact precautions in preventing hospital-acquired infections. The authors performed a systematic review of the efficacy of contact precaution nosocomial infection prevention following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. From the systematic review, the authors concluded that contact precautions were effective in preventing nosocomial infections. However, from their analysis, 5/6 of the studies they reviewed revealed that contact precautions had very minimal impact on multidrug-resistant organism infection control compared to the multidisciplinary approach to nosocomial infection prevention.
The research is supportive of the research conducted by Kirtil and Akyuz (2018). Both types of research affirm that contact precautions are adopted by healthcare workers and are effective in nosocomial infection prevention. However, the research increases the scope of knowledge on the use of contact precautions in preventing nosocomial infections by highlighting a challenge with its adoption.
References
Cohen, C. C., Cohen, B., & Shang, J. (2015). The effectiveness of contact precautions against multidrug-resistant organism transmission in acute care: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Hospital Infection, 90(4), 275-284.
Kirtil, I., & Akyuz, N. (2018). Precautions are taken by nurses about the prevention of Hospital-Acquired Infections in Intensive Care Units. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 34(2), 399.
Murni, I. K., Duke, T., Kinney, S., Daley, A. J., & Soenarto, Y. (2015). Reducing hospital-acquired infections and improving the rational use of antibiotics in a developing country: An effectiveness study. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 100(5), 454-459.
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AnnotatedBibliography_ExampleofAlevelwork-2.docx
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