for natural science guru

Topic: The Increase in Global Warming Comment by Microsoft Office User: You need an APA-formatted title page for this assignment. Citation and Referencing in APA not required but document set up, is required. Review this tutorial on how to set that up: Video for setting up your paper in APA: APA Formatting Video

The global climate has faced changes throughout the human history. This is because it has been reported by several studies that there have been at least seven cycles involving glacial retreat and advance. The most significant change occurred when the last ice age ended abruptly more than 7,000 years ago ushering in the start of our modern climate era as well as the beginning of human civilization. One thing that is worth noting is that most of the climate changes that have been experienced on earth are primarily attributed smalls variations in the orbit of the planet earth that lead to a change in the amount of solar energy received by the earth. The current global warming trend, however, is something of significant concern owing to the take that most part of it is brought about by human activities dating back to mid-20th century and has since then been increasing at a very high rate until today. Comment by Microsoft Office User: Good job of setting up your topic and leading to this clear thesis statement of purpose with your paper in this introductory paragraph.

Technological advances have played a very key role in enabling us to see and recognize that the planet is indeed changing as a result of increased global warming. Satellites that orbit around the earth as well other advances in technology have helped our scientists to actually see what is really going on around the globe because it has allowed them to collect important information about the earth and the climate globally. The data that has been collected over several many years has this shown that our earth is surely showing significant signals of changes in climate. During the mid-19th century, scientists demonstrated that gases, such as carbon dioxide could trap heat. The gases’ ability to have significant effects on infrared energy transfer through the earth’s atmosphere remains as the primary basis of the instruments that are been used to explain the global warming phenomenon. We can thus come to a conclusion that the increase in the levels of greenhouse gases in the earth’s environment causes our earth to warm up globally. The ice cores that have been drawn from places such as Antarctica, Greenland, as well as the various tropical mountain glaciers around the globe have indicated that the global climate shows significant response to the observed changes in the levels of atmospheric greenhouse gas level changes. Comment by Microsoft Office User: So for the Unit 8 assignment, you can integrate more specific information on this here, giving numbers on the increases, etc. and citing specific research support

There are a number of pieces of evidence that prove to show that climate change has taken place. One of them is the rise in the global temperatures. Since the 19th century, the average surface temperature of our earth has generally increased. This has been attributed to the increase in the amount of carbon dioxide as well as other greenhouse gases that are emitted by human activities into the atmosphere. One surprising fact is that most of the global warming took place in the last 35 years. The second piece of evidence that has been put forward to indicate the increase in global warming and climate change is warming of the oceans. This owes to the fact that most of the heat that has been retained by the increase in the amount of green house gases in the atmosphere has been absorbed by the earth’s oceans. The third piece of evidence that scientists have put forward to explain the change is the shrinking ice sheets. The mass of Antarctica and Greenland ice sheets has been reported to have generally decreased in mass. Other significant evidence that have been shown include ocean acidification, increase in the number of occurring extreme events, declining ice in the Arctic Sea, the rise in sea level, glacial retreats, and decreased snow cover. Comment by Microsoft Office User: If you’re getting specific information from specific source material, make sure you acknowledge it. Even though you don’t need to “cite” it yet in APA formatting, it should still be clear in this draft when you’re drawing on outside information and when you’re making your own points. I realize that a lot of information about climate change might be considered “common knowledge” and therefore requires no source acknowledgement—but since the Unit 8 paper requires that you cite and reference at least 3-4 sources, it’s a good idea to think about how you want to use and integrate them in this point. Maybe quote one or two climate change scientists or experts who can corroborate and add on to the information you present in this paragraph Comment by Microsoft Office User: So give us specific numbers, for example, that show us how much it has decreased, and cite your source

The direction that will be taken in the paper is that much of the global warming and climate change that is caused by this global warming is due to the effects of human activities. The next sections of the paper will thus focus on explaining the specific human activities that have contributed to this global warming and the subsequent climate change. The specific human activities of focus will be the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and the various farming practices that contributes to the increase in the amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Comment by Microsoft Office User: Okay, this sounds like a “revision” plan, as in how you plan to develop the paper further, but it’s not a “research” plan. A “research plan” discusses what specific actions you plan to take to add further supporting informational components from outside sources, and what your plan is for finding and those sources…

Good job, Anfernee, in getting this rough draft on the page! This version of the essay-- which you will develop with more depth for the Unit 8 assignment—headed toward where it should be at this stage of its development your final paragraph. You are missing a clear Research Plan for this assignment, so review the instructions and “sample” assignment for that, as it is a crucial step moving forward.

From here it’s just a matter of expanding, bolstering, and backing up your points with more specific research support (some of which I think you have here but don’t acknowledge, which you need to), and the rest of which will bolster your paper further add credibility and specificity to all your points. You don’t include a Research Plan here (so be more careful in following the instructions in the Assignment area and in regarding my posts in the DB—I also mentioned it in seminar.

The other final step is just getting the APA in-text citations correctly inserted and formatted as you integrate your research material into your point--this is a promising topic that I'm looking forward to seeing developed through your research and point development and citations moving forward.  88/100 Comment by Cosgrove,Robert: As you bring in and integrate your research, keep these workshops in mind: Avoiding Plagiarism through In-text Citation  (an old Kaplan workshop) Tips for Using Quotes in Your Writing (October 16, 2017) How and When to Cite (August 23, 2017)

GRADING CRITERIA:

I grade the assignments holistically (with marginal feedback above so contact me if you don’t see that feedback). You have overall score assigned to you rather than having points assigned for each section (as they are broken down in the rubric below), but this rubric provides you with a more specific idea of how the assignment is weighted in its evaluative requirements. If needed, I will highlight areas that need improvement.

CM107 Unit 6 Assignment (100 Points Possible)

	Exceeds Expectations	Exceeds Some Expectations	Meets Expectations	Meets Some Expectations	Does Not Meet Expectations	POINTS POSSIBLE
Thesis	Draft establishes an insightful informative thesis related to a cause or an effect	Draft establishes a clear informative thesis related to a cause or an effect	Draft establishes an informative thesis related to a cause or an effect	Draft establishes a main point but it may not address a cause or an effect	Does not establish a main point	/15
Development	Ideas are thoroughly developed with well-chosen supporting details. Ideas are original to the writer rather than to sources.	Ideas are well-developed with effective supporting details and are original to the writer rather than from sources.	Ideas are generally developed with appropriate supporting details or writer may rely on sources more than original thought.	Ideas are missing many supporting details or may come mainly from source information rather than being original to the writer.	Ideas are not supported or come entirely from sources, with little original thought.	/30
Research Plan	Research plan is detailed, developed and specifies precisely what information is to be researched and in what types of sources	Research plan is developed and identifies specific information to be researched	Research plan includes some specific ideas to be researched	Research plan is brief or very general	No research plan is included Comment by Microsoft Office User: No Research Plan was included in the Assignment—review the “sample assignment” and the instructions for guidance on what that is, and make sure you have a plan in place moving forward with this essay for the Unit 8 Assignment	10
Organization	Is logically organized and utilizes effective transition devices	Is organized effectively and uses transition devices	Organized but may be missing some transitions Comment by Microsoft Office User: Make clear transitions from your points to introducing your source material so it’s clear which is which. So far, your writing is clear and your paragraph development is strong, but you’ll be adding on to that with source integration moving forward. I think when you integrate the research make sure you do it effectively, so note the links to the workshop above and also check this out: Signal Phrases	Lacks transitions and organization is weak	Is disorganized	/10
Language Choice	Language is appropriately formal	Language is generally appropriately formal	Language is generally effective and formal but may occasionally be awkward or informal	Language may not be effective for academic audience	Language is informal or inappropriate for academic audience	/10
Spelling and Grammar	Very few, if any, editing, spelling, and grammar errors present	Some minor editing, spelling, and grammar weaknesses are present	Some major errors in grammar and sentence structure but still adequate	Includes several serious grammar and spelling errors that affect meaning	Includes severe errors in grammar and spelling that lead to incoherence	/5
Sentence Structure	Demonstrates strong sentence structure, complexity, and variety	Demonstrates some sentence complexity, variety, and effective sentence structure	Sentence structure is generally clear but may contain few examples of sentence variety or complexity	Multiple problems with word choice and several errors in sentence structure are present	Includes multiple errors in sentence structure that affect meaning and clarity	/5
Length	Meets length requirements	Meets length requirements	Meets length requirements	Does not meet length requirements	Does not meet length requirements   If plagiarized, a grade of zero is automatic	/5
Revision	Demonstrates substantial revision from the Unit 6 DB post	Demonstrates revision from the Unit 6 DB post	Demonstrates some revision from the Unit 6 DB post	Demonstrates very little revision from the Unit 6 DB post	Demonstrates no revision from the Unit 6 DB post	/5
APA Formatting and Title Page	Applies 6th Edition APA formatting with no errors	Applies 6th Edition APA formatting with a few minor errors	Applies 6th Edition APA formatting but with more than a few minor errors	Some attempt at 6th Edition APA formatting but multiple errors are present	Does not apply APA formatting; may not include a title page Comment by Microsoft Office User: Not grading on citation, obviously, but you’re missing your title page in APA format, so check out the tutorial I link you to above. If plagiarized, a grade of zero is automatic	/5
						Total: /100