thesis essay

Hist 1306: US History after 1877

Spring 2021

Dr. Aaron Gillette

Email: [email protected] (use this email address only—I cannot answer emails sent through Blackboard)

CRN: 11101

Three Semester Credit Hours

Course Description:

Traces the development and growth of the United States from the end of Reconstruction through industrialization, overseas expansion, global wars, the Great Depression and the post-World War II era.

Educational Objectives

This course introduces students to the personalities, forces, and processes that have shaped United States history since Reconstruction. The work in this course reinforces those skills that are central to a university education: the mastery of challenging reading material and the ability to communicate effectively in writing and class discussion.

Learning Outcomes

The successful student will leave this course with a solid understanding of:

· Methods used by historians to obtain historical evidence, build theses, and articulate these theses in writing

· Grammar and composition related to writing a thesis paper

· Technology, modernization, and American economic and social development

· Political movements such as Progressivism, the New Deal, the Great Society, the “Moral Majority,” and the Tea Party

· The United States as a world power, especially as related to the World Wars and twenty-first century multipolar relations

· Race relations, the struggle for civil rights, and multiculturalism

· The development of American society and popular culture

Texts:

There are readings on the Blackboard website for this course. There are no textbooks to purchase.

Course Requirements

Lectures: Lectures have been previously recorded “live,” and will be uploaded to Blackboard for each week. You might also wish to try using a robust speech-to-text software (Such as Deepl or Zoom) to transcribe the lectures for your own study.

Class Discussions:

About an additional thirty minutes each week will be devoted to discussion of the readings. In addition to reading the Class Announcements, this will bring the “contact hours” to the mandated forty hours.

Class discussions will be held live, via zoom, from 10:30 am to 11:00 am on Mondays. They will cover the previous week’s readings. If you aren’t able to be present for one or more live discussions, you can watch the recorded discussion, and then continue the discussion on the Discussion Forum on Blackboard. Any student can all continue the discussion on the Class Discussion Forum on the Blackboard page for this course.

I will take notes regarding the quality and frequency of your discussion, either live, or via the Discussion Forum. Whenever possible, I much prefer you to participate via the live Zoom discussion, but that probably won’t be possible for everyone every week. Attendance at these discussions is not mandatory, but recommended. My notes regarding your contributions to discussion in either format (live or in the Discussion Forum) will accrue significant points (Please see the “Grade Distribution,” below).

Signature Writing Assignment [Term Paper]:

In this course, you must write a “Signature Assignment.” This is a term paper with a UHD-required format and grading criteria. At the end of the course, I must submit all of your papers (anonymously) to a committee of UHD professors, who will use them to determine the level of our students’ writing skills compared to expected benchmarks for Freshmen-level courses. This evaluation will be sent to state and educational oversight organizations, in order for UHD to keep its accreditation.

The writing assignment is as follows: The student will select any one of the documents (or document sets), from the “Document Collection,” and write an 800-word (which is about three and a half double-spaced pages) analysis of it, in thesis essay format. The essay will focus on answering one or more of the thesis questions presented at the beginning of each document. For example, there is one document in the Documents Collection which consists of interviews of women who lived through World War II. If you chose that document, you would analyze what the interviewees said regarding their experiences in World War II, in the context of the home front in the Second World War.

Please see the Documents Index in the “Document Collection” to see what each document is about. I suggest you choose the document that you find most interesting.

Your term paper must be objective, not subjective. You cannot write a paper that includes any discussion about yourself, your nationality, visa-status, gender identity, ethnicity, political views, opinions, hopes, desires, personal goals, moral convictions or judgements, religious or philosophical beliefs, conception of an ideal society, your own feelings about the past, or thoughts on how people should have acted in the past. Furthermore, since this is a history papers, you should not include any observations about the world today, or predictions about the future. Here is an example. In 1945, over 95% of Americans approved of the nuclear bombing of Japan. In a hypothetical history paper, your job would be to explain the reasons why those individuals approved of the use of the nuclear bomb. Your job is not to tell the reader why you think that using the bomb was immoral. This is one reason you do not use the word “I” in a formal paper of this type. These objectivity rules always apply in writing history papers (and these general guidelines are probably true for most academic and professional paper you will ever write, except when otherwise clearly indicated).

To write your paper you will need background historical information. Since this is a freshman (1300-level) class, I do not expect you to be able to undertake sophisticated research. However, you should be able to obtain readily available information for your historical background and context from such sources as Wikipedia, “Google” internet searches (if the material comes from a university website [.edu]), and so on. Of course, academically-written books are also permitted. These are called “secondary sources.” No more than thirty percent of your paper should be based on secondary sources, either from the internet or from the introductions that I wrote for each document. Seventy percent or more of your paper should be directly based on your own analysis of the document you have chosen: meaning your own analysis.

The documents include speeches, essays, poems, and excerpts from books. Some of the documents include an entire speech or essay. However, other documents are excerpts from books. In those documents, I have chosen only a “scene” or section of a book, rather than the whole book. If you choose one of those documents to write your paper on, you are to concentrate your essay on analyzing the excerpt I give you, not the entire book it comes from. In other words, your paper cannot be on The Grapes of Wrath, but only on that section of The Grapes of Wrath I give you. Since some of these excerpts may require a greater degree of background contextualization than present in the introduction I provide, you may read summaries of the book from which the excerpt is taken. You may include information from these summaries in your paper. However, analogous to the requirement specified in the above paragraph, seventy percent of the discussion in your paper must be based directly on the excerpt I have provided you; only a maximum of thirty percent of your discussion may come from summaries of the book from which your excerpt was taken, or from other secondary sources of information, to provide historical context. Here is a hypothetical example: say that I have provided you with a ten-page excerpt from a 300-page book. Your essay should be about 800 words. That means that about 650 words in your essay must be focused directly on the ten-page excerpt. Only 250 words may discuss the remainder of the book and/or context information.

Direct quotations should be used rarely, and should be short (from a few words up to two sentences). No more than ten percent (about eighty words total) of your paper should be in the form of direct quotations.

Some of the documents are very short. You may find it very difficult to write an 800-word paper based on such a short document without essentially repeating yourself, dwelling on insignificant details, etc. If you fear that might become the case, please chose a different, longer document to write your paper on. As you will learn, repetition of the same idea, even without using the same words, will reduce your paper grade. In many cases, it is harder to write a good paper on a short document than on a longer document.

Please make sure to read carefully the “Model Term Papers” in the Contents section of the Blackboard course website. They will show you what an “A” paper could look like.

Term papers, and all correspondence or anything else due in this class, or any communication, must be sent to [email protected]. I do not use Blackboard email; do not use Blackboard email to contact me. You must submit your paper to Turnitin on the due dates. Remember, please make sure to submit your term paper to me by email at my [email protected] email address.

After receiving your term paper, I will correct and comment on the first half, and return it to you, with your Term Paper Grade. This will be fifteen percent of your final course grade. Do not send me a quickly written draft (or rewrite), not carefully checked over by you. It is obvious when a student has not put sufficient time and effort into a paper.

Later, on the Term Paper Rewrite Due Date, you will send me your rewritten paper with your improvements, based on my comments and corrections on the first half of your original paper, as well as new knowledge you’ve gained from the announcements and elsewhere. Particular error patterns present in the first half of the paper, which I had presumably noted and corrected, would likely show up in the second half of your paper. Therefore, the idea is to understand the corrections made in the first half, and apply that new knowledge to the second half. You would hopefully also be able to improve the first half of the paper as well. In some cases, I will also note that your paper is simply too short to meet the requirements, and then you should lengthen it, as I suggest. I will thoroughly read your rewritten term paper, comment on it, fix errors, grade it, and return it to you. That will be your Term Paper Rewrite Grade. It will constitute an additional fifteen of your final course grade. I will expect a much better-written paper at that point. Therefore, the standards for your paper rewrite grade will be higher. If you make only insignificant improvements in your term paper rewrite, you will receive a lower grade on the rewrite than you did on the original paper.

A very good rule in writing is to write your paper, set it aside for at least one, or perhaps several days, then carefully re-read it. I can almost guarantee that, if you do this, you will spot errors you need to correct.

Papers must be double spaced; Times Roman 12 font. Each page must be numbered in the bottom right hand corner.

As a precaution against plagiarism (using someone else’s ideas or written statements verbatim or nearly so, which is a violation of copyright laws), the student must submit a copy of the paper through Turnitin.com (on the Blackboard website). You cannot use sentences from other sources, change one or two words, and claim that this is your own work. This is true even if you cite the source of the information. Such a practice also constitutes plagiarism, and is detected and labeled as such by Turnitin. Any idea from one of your secondary sources, that is not “common knowledge,” should be cited. (In other words, you do not need to cite a source which states that Martin Luther King Jr. is often considered the leader of the 1950s-60s Civil Rights Movement. That is common knowledge). However, information from your secondary sources that is not likely to be common knowledge should be put it in your own words, as is appropriate for the point that you are making in your paper. Papers which, according to Turnitin, have a twenty percent or higher estimation of plagiarized ideas or statements will result in a “guilty” ruling on plagiarism. Therefore, the student must correct these issues before submitting the paper for a grade. You can do this yourself through the turnitin link on the course website.

If you are not able to turn in a term paper on the due date, you will lose significant points. You will not suffer any penalties if you can produce a note from work, on letterhead, signed by your supervisor, with phone number, email address, and internet page URL included, explaining that it was unavoidable for purposes of work to take the exam during that twenty-four hour period, or turn in a paper on that due date. Similarly, a doctor’s note (including the contact information above) is needed for a medical excuse. If a funeral or severe family emergency prevented you from completing an exam or paper on the due date, proper official documentation is required (such as a published obituary, letter from a funeral service or a hospital), or you will receive no grade for that assignment.

My grading of the term paper (officially termed the “Supplemental Writing Assignment” ) is required to consider the quality of the following elements:

Thesis: Thesis holds essay together and is identifiable, insightful, and clear.

Introduction: Presentation of essential background is thorough and well-executed.

Organization and Argument: Paragraphs generally support solid topic sentences that help to build the essay’s argument in a logical manner.

Evidence and Explanation: Evidence is clearly related by the author to the topic sentence. Evidence is interpreted in a fair and balanced manner.

Conclusion: Addresses each component of the question with a summary of the argument.

We have been told to review some of the basics in grammar and composition in all Hist 1306 courses. Therefore, I will send out, via announcements, some information on grammar and composition several times each week. I will also review these at the beginning of each discussion session.

Writing Center, and Writing Video Lectures

Please also note that the writing center can help you with your paper. Their website is: https://www.uhd.edu/academics/university-college/writing-center/Pages/writing-center-index.aspx

I have made a number of videos on how to write well. If you feel you need to review (in other words, this is not a requirement) grammar and composition rules, there is a link to these videos on the course Blackboard website.

Exams

There will be four online (Blackboard) multiple-choice exams. They will be based on the previous month’s video-recorded lectures, class discussions, and the Course Documents. Each exam question will have four choices; it will be necessary to think carefully about each possible answer, but only one will be correct.

You will note that there is a general goal in the exam questions: that is to make sure that you understand, and remember, the important concepts, ideas, or explanations from this class that a college-educated person should know. Generally speaking, this would be a level of historical knowledge expected of the readers of the New York Times.

Here are examples of typical exam questions:

“While a yearly pay of $2,000 in 1935 might seem low, it was actually in middle-class range. This is explained by which of the following?” The answer would be “inflation causes prices to increase annually, but it (hopefully) also pressures employers to increase pay in proportion.”

“Any bank advertisement, or bank nameplate, will undoubtedly include the words, “FDIC [Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation] Insured.” Why is FDIC insurance important to the average American?” The answer would be: “because the federal government promises that you will get your money back even if the bank collapses. This encourages people to keep their money in banks, which benefits the overall economy.” [This was an idea of the Franklin Roosevelt New Deal administration in 1933, to save the U.S. bank industry from collapse.]

“The environmental movement, while identified with liberals today, was actually born around 1900 as a conservative movement. Which of the following can explain this?” The answer would be that “Conservatives at that time sought to preserve the “White Anglo-Saxon Protestant” identity of the United States, which they identified with pure, untouched nature, as it existed before massive cities filled with new immigrants.”

“After the Second World War, most young Americans wanted to forget the Depression and the World War and start a family. This was one reason that:” Answer: “Women in the 1950s were pressured to stay at home and raise babies.”

The “wrong” answers will not be silly: they will seem to be possible to someone who has not mastered the course material. For example, for the question, “While a yearly pay of $2,000 in 1935 might seem low, it was actually in middle-class range. This is explained by which of the following?” a wrong answer might be: “because the most important goal of large corporations is to increase the salaries of their workers.” If you have mastered the course material, you will know that corporations exist for one purpose: to make money for their owners. They do not exist to make their workers happy, if that is not anticipated to make the corporations more money in the long run. Thus, that answer would be wrong. Another wrong answer might be: “Because, over the past century, large corporations have given way to small, local, family owned businesses, and such businesses care more for their employees.” While it is probably true that small businesses care more for their employees, it is very much not true that corporations are giving way to small businesses in the United States. This course will emphasize the rise and dominance of corporations in modern America. Thus, that answer is also wrong.

Each exam will open up on a Sunday, as indicated in the syllabus. After I open each exam, you may take it at any time up to December 7: when, exactly, is your decision. However, it would certainly make sense to take each exam very soon after it opens, since the pertinent information will be fresh in your memory. Once you begin an exam, it will be open only for a number of minutes equivalent to the number of questions. In other words, a forty-question exam will be open for forty minutes. You must complete it in that timeframe.

During the exam, the student must write down on a piece of paper each question number and his or her answer. By so doing, this will provide an additional record of the student’s answers, in case, for some reason, Blackboard fails to record them. Remember, these are closed book/closed notes exams. Cheating on the exams will result in an “F” for the course.

Office Hours:

There will be two hours of “virtual office hours” per week via zoom, or longer if necessary. These will occur on Wednesdays, from 4:00pm to 5:00pm, and by appointment. There is a Zoom “waiting room” that you will enter first (there won’t be any differences in logging in on your part—I will have to manage it from my end). The “waiting room” exists because I might have a “line” of students wishing to speak to me, and of course I can do so for only one student at a time. I suggest that you work on something else if you are in the waiting room, checking frequently to see if you can now enter my “virtual office.” If you cannot make the virtual office hours, or otherwise prefer, you can easily communicate with me via email. Because of the way I have these modes of communication set up, I can usually respond much more rapidly to an email than to a phone call.

Setting up Zoom

For “live” communications, such as class discussions of the texts, we will be using Zoom. Please make sure that you have an internet-capable device with Zoom software from UHD IT on it, as well as a fast connection. UHD can help you with some of this, if necessary: go to https://www.uhd.edu/financial/emergency-funds/Pages/default.aspx. Please see their website. If video conferencing is simply not possible in your circumstances, you can also connect via phone. I will send you a specific link for Zoom meetings before each one. I think the Zoom link will generally be https://uhd.zoom.us/j/76717209177, but I definitely cannot promise that this—Zoom has a new update, and some things might not work as I expect them to. Please make sure to update your Zoom software as well, or your Zoom app won’t work anymore. You will find instructions for installing the Zoom app on your computer or phone, and updating Zoom, at the end of this syllabus.

Please note that everything I send you, or you send me, must be through my UHD email address: [email protected]. If I don’t get your message that way, then I won’t get your message at all. I will also be sending you Zoom links and so on through your official UHD email; therefore, please check that each day during this semester, or otherwise you will miss critical course information, such as the Zoom links.

If you do not already have the Zoom software, or know how to use it, please see the guide below:

Getting Started with Zoom

Zoom is a cloud-based video conferencing application available to all faculty, staff, and students at UHD. Zoom’s straightforward features are ideal for live synchronous meetings with your whole class, or office hours chats with individual students. Follow the instructions in this document to download, install, and sign in to Zoom. (The number accompanying each step is not important; just do them in order).

Download and Install the Client

1. Start by going to the URL https://uhd.zoom.us/download .

2. Click the Download button under the Zoom Client for Meetings header.

3. Locate and open the downloaded ZoomInstaller.exe file

4. Click Run in the Security Warning dialogue.

5. The installation will complete in a matter of seconds.

6. The Zoom client should open automatically.

7. If it doesn’t, search for the Start Zoom application and open it.

Sign In with SSO (Single Sign On)

8. Click the Sign In button.

9. Be sure to click the Sign In with SSO button on the right side of the Sign In dialogue.

10. In the company domain field, simply type uhd.

11. Click Continue

12. Another Security Warning will pop up, but click Yes to continue.

13. Enter your UHD username and password on the following page.

14. Click Login.

15. Once signed in the full Zoom client will open.

For additional support, visit http://uhd.edu/bbhelpform

Updating Zoom

If you experience any technical issues on Zoom the first thing you should do is confirm that you have the latest version of the Zoom client installed on your computer. Although Zoom will prompt you to check for updates, you will want to check for Zoom updates frequently and be sure to install them.

Updating the Desktop App

1. Open the Zoom desktop app 

2. Click on your picture or initials in the top right hand corner

3. From the drop down menu click on Check for Updates 

4. Download the latest version

5. Close and then re-open Zoom 

If you have any issues please follow this video tutorial .

Note: If you choose to postpone your optional update, you will only be prompted to update the next time you login. 

Zoom Mobile App (iOS or Android) 

If you have download the Zoom mobile app from the Apple Appstore or from Google Play, Zoom will display a mobile notification whenever there is a new update.

Course Protocol

Check your UHD email, and Announcements on Blackboard, every day. There are important instructions in the announcements. I will also be sending you various information to help you in your writing, which you may find useful.

Then go to the Course Materials on Blackboard for the current week of the course. In that folder, you will find the links to:

Lectures: First watch my video-recorded lectures, or live lectures on Zoom. They will be numbered in sequence.

Readings: Then read the documents assigned for each week. You need to think about how you would answer the thesis questions I ask you for each document. You will not write papers to answer them. On the exam for that week, there will be test questions on those documents, generally oriented towards the thesis questions asked. These will also be the focus of class discussion,

Class Discussion:

Grade Distribution:

Exam 1 15%

Exam 2 15%

Exam 3 15%

Exam 4 15%

Term Paper 15%

Term Paper Rewrite 15%

Class Discussion 10%

Grade Scale

90-100 A

80-89 B

70-79 C

60-69 D

0-59 F

Policies:

My lectures are protected by copyright law. Although you are authorized to take notes in class from my lecture, the authorization extends only to making one set of notes for your own personal use and no other use. You are not authorized to record my lectures, to provide your notes to anyone else, to publicly or privately disseminate my lectures or course materials through any electronic or other medium, or to make any commercial use of such without my express prior permission.

Required UHD Policy Statements

Policies and Procedures:

I do not use the Blackboard Learn email, and will not receive any emails from that source. Therefore, you must use this email address to contact me: [email protected].

Disruptions, COVID Reporting, and Safety

To address issues related to disruption of university functions, COVID reporting, and safety protocols, as well as mandatory engagement with classes by the 10th class day, UHD has prepared a general set of requirements that can be found at https://www.uhd.edu/administration/emergency-management/coronavirus/Pages/default.aspx. These requirements are part of the expectations for this course. Any updates to the website will be communicated to students via their Gatormail accounts.

UHD Student Support Services

UHD has developed many resources to support your learning. We have developed a website that will offer a “one stop shop” for access to many of the resources you might need this semester to support your educational goals. Please access this website to get started: https://tinyurl.com/SSR2020. If you do not find the resource you need on this website, please contact your instructor, who will make every effort to connect you with the help you need.

Accessibility and Statement of Reasonable Accommodations

The University of Houston-Downtown (UHD), is committed to creating a learning environment that meets the needs of its diverse student population. Accordingly, UHD strives to provide reasonable academic accommodations to students who request and are eligible, as specified by Section 504 and ADA guidelines. Students with disabilities may work with the Office of Disability Services to discuss a range of options to removing barriers in this course, including official accommodations. If you have a disability, or think you may have a disability, please contact the Office of Disability Services, to begin this conversation or request an official accommodation. Office of Disability Services, One Main St., Suite GSB 314, Houston, TX 77002. (Office Phone) 713-221-5078 (Website) www.uhd.edu/disability/ (Email) [email protected]

Academic Honest Policy

Students must be honest in all academic activities and must not tolerate dishonesty. Academic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to, cheating and plagiarism. While the penalty for an academic honesty violations will be left to the discretion of the faculty member, the penalty of an F in a course is recommended in instances of multiple and/or flagrant violations.

Class Attendance and Administrative Drop Statement:

Your failure to attend class (face to face or hybrid), engage course material (online only); or make contact with faculty to adequately explain your absence by the 10th class calendar day of the semester will result in your being administratively dropped from this course. Being dropped from this course may affect your enrollment status and/or your financial aid eligibility.

Textbook Purchase

A student of this institution is not under any obligation to purchase a textbook from a university-affiliated bookstore. The same textbook may also be available from an independent retailer, including an online retailer, pursuant to HB 1096.

University Policy Jurisdiction Disclaimer:

All students are subject to the university-wide policies set forth in the UHD Catalog, the Student Handbook, and the UHD website, available at https://www.uhd.edu/policies/Pages/policies-index.aspx3.1.3.8

Digital Recording

This relates to any recordings from this course, such as Zoom recordings of the lectures and discussions:

1. Recordings of class lectures are only for the student’s personal use in study and preparation related to the class.

2.The student must comply with professors’ requests to stop recording during discussions, demonstrations, guest speakers, or other situations of a sensitive nature that do not contain information affecting course competencies or grades.

3.The student may not share these recordings with any other person without the written consent of the professor.

4.Information contained in the recorded lectures is protected under federal copyright laws and may not be published or quoted without the written consent of the professor and without giving proper identity and credit to speakers.

5.The student may not use the recorded lectures in any way against the faculty member, other instructors, or students whose classroom comments are recorded as part of the class activity.

6.The student will erase all recorded class lectures when they are no longer needed for academic work. Upon written request from the professor, student will return all class recordings to the professor for erasure.

Class Schedule

Please note that the particular topics covered each week might change, according to the final length of the lecture for that week. However, all topics will be covered.

Week 1: Jan. 19-Jan. 24

Lecture Topics: Introduction to the Course; U.S. Geography

Read by Jan. 22: Course Syllabus

Read by Jan. 24: Week 1 Readings in Week 1 Folder

Week 2: Jan. 25-Jan. 31

Lecture Topics: American History Macrohistorical Concepts; Paper Writing

Jan. 25: Discuss Week 1 Readings

Read by Jan. 31: Week 2 Readings in Week 2 Folder

Week 3: Feb. 1-Feb. 7

Lecture Topics: Paper Writing (Cont.); Civil War; Railroads

Feb. 1: Discuss Week 2 Readings

Read by Feb. 7: Week 3 Readings in Week 3 Folder

Week 4: Feb. 8-Feb. 14

Lecture Topics: Late Nineteenth Century Economic Growth; Urbanization; Immigration

Feb. 8: Discuss Week 3 Readings

Read by Feb. 14: Week 4 Readings in Week 4 Folder

Week 5: Feb. 15-Feb. 21

Lecture Topics: Progressive Era; World War I

Feb. 15: Discuss Week 4 Readings

Feb. 19-Feb. 21: Exam 1

Read by Feb. 21: Week 5 Readings in Week 5 Folder

Week 6: Feb. 22-Feb. 28

Lecture Topics: 1920s; The Great Depression

Feb. 22: Discuss Week 5 Readings

Read by Feb. 28: Week 6 Readings in Week 6 Folder

Week 7: March 1-March 7

Lecture Topics: The Great Depression; World War II

March 1: Discuss Week 6 Readings

Read by March 7: Week 7 Readings in Week 7 Folder

Week 8: March 8-March 14

Lecture Topics: World War II (Cont.); The Postwar Era

March 8: Discuss Week 7 Readings

Read by March 14: Week 8 Readings in Week 8 Folder

March 12-March 14 Exam 2

Week 9: March 15-March 21

Spring Break

Week 10: March 22-March 28

Lecture Topics: 1960s

March 22: Discuss Week 8 Readings

Read by March 28: Week 10 Readings in Week 10 Folder

March 28: Term Paper Version 1 Due [this is not rough a draft but a finished paper]

Week 11: March 29-April 4

Lecture Topics: 1980s

March 29: Discuss Week 10 Readings

Read by April 4: Week 11 Readings in Week 11 Folder

Week 12: April 5-April 11

Lecture Topics: Bush I and Clinton Eras, 1991-2000

April 5: Discuss Week 11 Readings

Read by April 11: Week 12 Readings in Week 12 Folder

Week 13: April 12-April 18

Lecture Topics: 9/11-2008

April 12: Discuss Week 12 Readings

Read by April 18: Week 13 Readings in Week 13 Folder

April 16-April 18: Exam 3

Week 14: April 19-April 25

Lecture Topics: 2008-2016

April 19: Discuss Week 13 Readings

Read by April 25: Week 14 Readings in Week 14 Folder

Week 15: April 26-May 2

Lecture Topics: Trump Era; 2020

May 2: Term Paper Version 2 Due

April 26: Discuss Weeks 14 Readings

Read by May 2: Week 15 Readings in Week 15 Folder

Week 16: May 3-May 5

Lecture Topics: Trump Era; 2020

May 3: Discuss Weeks 15 Readings in Week 16 Folder

Final Exam Schedule

May 7-May 9: Exam 4 [Final Exam]