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Select a client (Juan, Vaughn, Crystal, Scott, Margaret, Kyle, or Sarah) presented in the Riverbend City: Career Counseling media piece and describe at least two potential challenges pertaining to culture and diversity that may factor into their presenting career or job-related concerns. In your discussion, incorporate a relevant research article from the Capella Library that supports your claims.

In the case of Crystal; she was raised in a Korean American family as a first generational member. Crystal is frustrated because she does not want to pursue the career route that will result in her earning a four-year degree, despite her parents' encouragement. Due to her dyslexia, Crystal has stressed to her parents that she struggles academically and would like to obtain a certification in graphic design. As Crystal embarks on her career path, she will encounter a number of challenges as it relates to culture and diversity. I believe that social barriers based on race and disability will be Crystal's two biggest obstacles in terms of cultural diversity and her career.

Although Crystal has expressed her frustration, she hasn't decided definitively on her career plan. “Many studies have found that family and acculturation are two significant factors influencing career choices and decision making of Asian Americans “(Leong & Chou, 1994; Patel, Salahuddin, & O'Brien, 2008; Tang, Fouad, & Smith, 1999). Because of the influence that family has, a lot of young adults choose careers in fields that were promoted by their families out of guilt or a desire to be obedient. The second challenge Crystal may face relates to her disability. Regardless of the career Crystal chooses she may face work force barriers. “Barriers to workforce participation include: employer attitudes and discrimination, lack of adequate preparation for the workplace, lack of postsecondary education and vocational training, lack of available community employment services, and perceived difficulties of services by the professionals” (Fabian & Liesener, 2005). Although Crystal may face barriers studies have shown that people with disabilities go on to have stable long term employment. The article titled Waging a living: Career development and long-term employment outcomes for young adults with disabilities states that, “career decision making and employment opportunities unfold over time and are influenced by multiple variables including individual, family, school, and community factors” (Szymanski et al., 2003). Family expectations can in some cases be influential to persons who have disabilities.

Reference

Tang, Mei. Career Development and Counseling : Theory and Practice in a Multicultural World, SAGE Publications, Incorporated, 2018. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.library.capella.edu/lib/capella/detail.action?docID=5945459.

Lindstrom, L., Doren, B., & Miesch, J. (2011). Waging a living: Career development and long-term employment outcomes for young adults with disabilities. Exceptional Children, 77(4), 423-434. http://library.capella.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fscholarly-journals%2Fwaging-living-career-development-long-term%2Fdocview%2F877026618%2Fse-2%3Faccountid%3D27965

Tiedman's Decision-Making Model is the theory that I found to resonate with me the most . This decision-making process is seen as a continuous, multidirectional, parallel, nonlinear process as it relates to career development. Tiedman described the process of career development as involving individual choice and meaning making in response to change (Tang,2018). This approach enables a person to look at their line of work and assess how it relates to both their own identity and their place in society. Because of the ongoing change in the world and ourselves, a person may feel the need to redefine their occupation interests which can be done through phase of decision making. The phases include anticipating a choice, adjusting to a choice, and application.

This theory is defined as a continual process, which I have personal experienced over the past five years, I believe that this theory resonates with me the most. At one point in my life, I believed that I should pursue a profession in business. As time went on, I met other professionals in the medical field, which led me to redefine my occupation. I then started a career as a surgical technician. This was unfulfilling for me, which prompted me to redefine my career once again and find fulfillment as a counselor. This was a continuous journey that led to me exploring interest, evaluating myself and the world, refining occupation choices, accepting a choice in occupation, adjusting to that choice, and applying to my life.

I feel that one weakness of this theory is the redefining of one’s choice of career. If you consistently start over because something else peaks your interest then you will never ultimately settle on a career path. I believe that clients should set a time frame on their exploration stage, allow them selves at least 3 times within a 5-year time frame to redefine career options in order to assure that they don’t waste too much time starting over.

Reference

Discussion 4

After completing the Career Exploration Workbook - Looking Inward activities, reflect on your own career choices based on your assessment results. Your response should include your results and reflection on the following:

· Jungian Personality Test (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator).

· Big 5 Personality Theory Test.

· Values Card Sort.

· Interests Assessment.

· Skills Assessment.

Discuss the insights that you have gained as a result of your self-assessment, including connections that you may not have previously made. Discuss how this has impacted your perception of career counseling as it relates to the students or clients you will be serving.

After taking the Jungian Test I was scored as having an ISFJ personality. According to Myers-Briggs people with this personality concerned with maintain in order and harmony in all aspects of their lives. They are tenacious and meticulous in how they carry out their duties. They are quiet, but incredibly perceptive and people-oriented. They not only pay attention to and respect other people's sentiments, but they also recall specifics about individuals. They are likely to be characterized as attentive and reliable by friends and family.

I was able to recognize my tendency toward stubbornness and caution in my behavior thanks to the Myers-Briggs test. I can perceive this as being true because I always take other people's feelings into account when deciding how to proceed. Since it is an act of self-care for me, I take pleasure in harmony and calm within myself. Despite the fact that I value my alone, I am a dependable and supportive friend to many people in my life. Many people have referred to me as a fixer, but I feel that what many individuals lack is a supporting person. ethic, not inclined to self-indulgence. They believe in being meticulous and thrifty.

Openness (83%), Consciousness (73%), Extroversion (71%), Agreeability (96%), and Neuroticism (8%) are among the five main personality qualities that the Big Five Personality Test examines. My score in the Agreeableness component was my highest. A person's willingness to put others' interests ahead of their own and to prefer working together over competing is characterized as agreeableness. Strong empathy and satisfaction from serving others are additional qualities for high scorers in this category.

My second highest was in Openness. One's tendency to think theoretically and in depth is described as being open. People that score well on the Openness scale are typically intelligent, creative, and adventurous. These individuals tend to stick to traditional ways and avoid the unknown.

There are six universal work values, according to the Worker Values Card Sort, including accomplishment, independence, recognition, relationships, support, and working environment (careeronestop.org). As a result, choosing a career that aligns with personal preferences leads to increased results through job satisfaction, increased engagement and drive, and shared values among coworkers.

The Big 5 revealed that achievement was my top professional value. A willingness to overcome obstacles and develop continuously via experiences is demonstrated through achievement. Finding work that promotes skill growth, fosters a sense of accomplishment, and equips one to handle new obstacles is crucial when achieving is one of one's highest priorities. These findings were intriguing to me since I've always believed that the relationships I build and the general support I receive at work are directly related to my sense of accomplishment. If any one of these elements is missing, it might be challenging to concentrate on one's duties and goals.

I am a very social person, according to the interest profiler. Those with strong social scores like working with others to help them grow. Additionally, they favor working with people over objects like machines or data. Social people like sharing their knowledge, offering counsel, and helping or serving others.

These conclusions are valid because I've always enjoyed helping people in my professional roles. I take pleasure in offering advice and helping others grow personally. I is unable to picture myself in a career involving data analysis or working with machines. At my core, I have always been a helper. I also have a strong natural curiosity and a desire for solving problems. I really enjoy working in a flexible setting where I can test out my ideas.

Because I felt pulled to a career in medicine earlier in my studies before becoming interested in the philosophy and practice of counseling, I found the skills evaluation to be both incredibly accurate and fascinating. The skills evaluation accurately reflected my particular main points for skill development over the years and matched me with a variety of science and medical careers as well as my selected career path of mental health counseling.

As a career counselor, it's crucial that your clients gain comprehension of their ability levels so they may learn about jobs that complement their abilities, are available, and can make the most of them. They must also be aware that as their ability levels change, they can use tools like skills evaluations to determine the opportunities that are available. This is yet another useful resource to aid career counselors in framing interventions around skill levels to assist clients in finding careers that they can use their skills to pursue in order to foster fulfillment and contentment.

References

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Assessment. https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/OEJTS/

O*Net Interest Profiler: https://www.mynextmove.org/explore/ip

Skills Search. https://www.onetonline.org/skills/

The Big Five Personality Test.

https://www.truity.com/test-results/bigfive/17315/19434880

Tang, M. (2018). Career development and counseling : Theory and practice in a multicultural world.

Your Personality Trait Scores

This Big Five assessment measures your scores on five major dimensions of personality: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (sometimes abbreviated OCEAN). In this free report, you'll see a description of each of these five factors of personality, as well as a graph of your score on that measure.

Openness

Openness describes a person’s tendency to think in abstract, complex ways. High scorers tend to be creative, adventurous, and intellectual. They enjoy playing with ideas and discovering novel experiences. Low scorers tend to be practical, conventional, and focused on the concrete. They tend to avoid the unknown and follow traditional ways.

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Conscientiousness

Conscientiousness describes a person’s ability to exercise self-discipline and control in order to pursue their goals. High scorers are organized and determined, and are able to forego immediate gratification for the sake of long-term achievement. Low scorers are impulsive and easily sidetracked.

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Extraversion

Extraversion describes a person’s inclination to seek stimulation from the outside world, especially in the form of attention from other people. Extraverts engage actively with others to earn friendship, admiration, power, status, excitement, and romance. Introverts, on the other hand, conserve their energy, and do not work as hard to earn these social rewards.

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Agreeableness

Agreeableness describes a person’s tendency to put others’ needs ahead of their own, and to cooperate rather than compete with others. People who are high in Agreeableness experience a great deal of empathy and tend to get pleasure out of serving and taking care of others. They are usually trusting and forgiving. People who are low in Agreeableness tend to experience less empathy and put their own concerns ahead of others.

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Neuroticism

Neuroticism describes a person’s tendency to experience negative emotions, including fear, sadness, anxiety, guilt, and shame. While everyone experiences these emotions from time to time, some people are more prone to them than others. High Neuroticism scorers are more likely to react to a situation with fear, anger, sadness, and the like. Low Neuroticism scorers are more likely to brush off their misfortune and move on.

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Your Traits in Action

Now we'll look at how your personality traits express themselves in all areas of life, from your daily routine to your relationships and your work life. Each section covers one key area and explains how your individual traits influence your experiences in this aspect of life.

WHAT DO YOU VALUE?

You are a highly sympathetic and altruistic person who values kindness and compassion above all else. You feel it is crucial to care for others and work to make the world a better place. You rarely do anything that does not have a payoff in kindness or caring. You are unconcerned with selfish goals, and instead preoccupy yourself with the needs of others.

You have a genuine love of ideas, and value originality, creativity, and imagination. It is important to you to have consistent opportunities to learn new things and improve your mind. You value intellectual challenge, depth of thought, and insight. Because of your interest in enlightenment and novel ideas, you place great value on artistic and cultural endeavors. You believe that the improvement of the mind is an important and worthy goal.

Values Card

Achievement reflects a desire to meet challenges and improve through experience. If Achievement is one of your highest work values, it's probably important to you to perform work that gives you a strong sense of accomplishment, requires you to meet new challenges, and allows you to learn new skills on an ongoing basis.

Learn more about Achievement

Recognition (22)

Recognition indicates a motivation to advance and lead in your career. If Recognition is one of your highest work values, it’s probably important to you to have authority over others or their work, and to develop a career with prestige and the potential for leadership.

Learn more about Recognition

Relationships (22)

Relationships relates both to a public service orientation and a sense of teamwork. If Relationships is one of your highest work values, it's probably important to you to work in careers and workplaces with a strong sense of ethics, that are involved in service to a cause, and where positive relationships are encouraged and supported.

Learn more about Relationships

Working Conditions (17)

Working Conditions relates to specific circumstances in your work environment. If Working Conditions is one of your highest work values, it's probably important to you to seek work that suits your preferred environment and work style, including one or more of these: specific pay level, job security, safe working conditions, keeping busy all the time, working alone, or having a wide variety of tasks.

Learn more about Working Conditions

Independence (16)

Independence reflects a desire to do work on your own initiative. If Independence is one of your highest work values, it’s probably important to you to feel a sense of responsibility for your work, and to bring your unique ideas or perspectives into the workplace.

Learn more about Independence

Support (10)

Support refers to a strong connection between an employer and employee. If Support is one of your highest work values, it's probably important to you to seek out jobs where the company stands behind its workers and where the workers are comfortable with management’s style of supervision.

ONET

Week 5

Continue examining the client you selected to use for your Week 9 assignment, Individual Career Plan. Based on the information you have learned about your client thus far as well as the information obtained from the assessments the client completed, respond to the following questions:

What themes and patterns do you notice emerging?

Do the results of the different assessments support each other or were there contradictory results?

Are there any other areas that you want to assess?

Crystal’s assessment revealed consistent patterns and themes. According to the Holland Code (ASI) assessment, Crystal appreciates working in a setting where she can use her creativity without having to strictly adhere to regulations while working in a social setting that allows her to assist others in learning and personal development. Her results from the Myer- Briggs assessment (ESFJ) aligns with her interest in a social creative environment that allows her help others. She also values building relationships while maintaining her personal responsibility on a supervision level. Even the values card sort demonstrated that Crystal has moral principles, appreciates assisting and working with others, supervision, and responsibility. Crystal's assessments remain constant throughout. I believe Crystal is still young and has made the decision to pursue a profession in graphic design based on the community-based training she has received in the community. I believe Crystal should look into alternative career paths before deciding on a graphic design career. Crystal will need to network and explore many career options in order to find the best one for her. A career development program will be beneficial to her. “One reason for needing career development programs is out of consideration of many career development theories that emphasize life span development and the role of learning experiences in shaping one’s career identity and choices (Thang, 2018).”

Reference

Week 6

Select one of the adult clients (Juan, Vaughn, Scott, or Sarah) from the Riverbend City: Career Counseling "Week 6 - Adult Issues" tab. You may need to review their information from previous weeks.

In your discussion post, include the following:

· Conceptualize and describe your client's issues based on a theory of career development.

· Describe a counseling strategy or intervention that was introduced in this week's readings or multimedia that you can utilize for your client. Provide a rationale for its use.

Scott, a 31-year old ,male, came into Riverbend in search of a career a career counselor. He recently received his release from prison after serving time for a felony narcotic charge. Scott is trying to transition into the world by obtaining employment and housing. His educational background is an issues due to him dropping out of school in the tenth grade. Due to his criminal offense and lack of work experience, he has had difficulty finding employment after his release. Scott, however, has just learned about a nonprofit organization that links ex-offenders with proprietors of small businesses who want to support this group by paying them with wages, providing job training and apprenticeships that assist them in meeting their employment need. Scott stated, “things like this just don’t happen to someone like me” which indicates that Scott feels that he lacks self-efficacy. Self-efficacy beliefs are conceived as a “dynamic set of self-beliefs that are linked to particular performance domains and activities” (Lent, 2005, p. 104). According to Bandura in the social cognitive career theory (1997), there were four sources influencing one’s self-efficacy beliefs: personal performance accomplishment, vicarious learning, social persuasion, and physiological and affective states (Tang,2018). Scott knows that he lacks education and experience causing him to feel that he has a lesser chance of obtaining employment than most individuals. Due to the absence of supportive services for recently released felons and limited role models, there is a perception that success is out of their reach. Social Cognitive Career Theory is used to progress client’s self-efficacy.

One way to help Scott is through advocacy. Scott needs to be introduced to other programs and business owners that think that your life's outcome shouldn't be influenced by your prior transgressions. This will allow Scott to be exposed to different forms of employment. Scott can also benefit from being connected with facilities who offer free GED classes. This will give Scott an opportunity to gain a sense of accomplishment. Lastly, Scott will need to change his viewpoint. Scott needs allow his self to believe that he is worthy of being given a second chance at life.

Reference

Week 8

In your discussion post:

· Conceptualize and describe your client's career development issues based on developmental theory, Gottfredson's theory, or ecological theory.

· Which of the ASCA Mindsets and Behaviors would you focus on when working with your client?

· What types of career counseling strategies or techniques could be helpful for your client?

Crystal is a high school student that wants to pursue a career in graphic design. She is attending a community based training program and was recently encouraged to start working on her portfolio.. For the graphic design program, she needs to pass two english and one math courses. Due to her dyslexia diagnosis, she is worried that she won't be able to complete these classes. According to developmental theory, a person goes through stages (growth, exploration, establishment, maintenance, and disengagement) of development causing a change in self-concepts throughout a person’s life span and is developed through experiences. Crystal is in the exploration stage of Super’s Life Span Theory. She is trying out the graphic design program and is required to take courses. This exploration stage will eventually lead to her making tentative choices. A key career development task for students during their high school years is the crystallization of career choices and formulation goals (Tang,2018) . This stage will allow her to transition from tentative career choice to specific career choices while developing goals.

The ACA outlines the mindset and behaviors needed for a student to be successful in school, college, their career, and life readiness. As a professional career counselor, I must first gain insight on Crystal's aspirations for her future career. Crystal is doubting herself when it comes to completing necessary courses which would cause me to focus on mindset standard M 1: Belief in development of whole self, including a healthy balance of mental, social/emotional and physical well-being (ASCA,2021).

When it comes to Behavior standards, I would focus on the following standards related to learning strategies:

B-LS 4. Self-motivation and self- direction for learning B-LS 2. Creative approach to learning, tasks and problem solving B-LS 2. B-LS 8. Engagement in challenging coursework

I selected these behavior and mindset standards because they will enable Crystal to develop a sense of self-assurance. The chosen standards will also assist her in making plans and establishing goals on how to deal with her dyslexia and help her achieve her academic and professional aspirations of becoming a graphic designer. My overall goal is to provide Crystal with developing SMART goals along with an intervention that will allow her to accomplish set goals. I would also connect Crystal with individuals and programs that will provide her with insight on her disability and helpful strategies she can use in her academics.

Reference

· American School Counselor Association (2014). Mindsets and behaviors for student success: K-12 college- and career-readiness standards for every student [PDF]. https://www.schoolcounselor.org/getmedia/7428a787-a452-4abb-afec-d78ec77870cd/Mindsets-Behaviors.pdf

· Tang, Mei. Career Development and Counseling : Theory and Practice in a Multicultural World, SAGE Publications, Incorporated, 2018. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral-proquest com.library.capella.edu/lib/capella/detail.action?docID=5945459.

Career Counseling Strategies and Information

Using the client you have selected from the Riverbend City: Career Counseling media piece to complete the Week 9 Assignment, Individual Career Plan, discuss the following:

· Describe a counseling strategy or intervention that was introduced in this week's readings that you can utilize for your client.

· Provide a rationale for using that strategy or intervention, based on the client's challenges.

Additionally, support the client in exploring at least one job title that aligns with their assessment data. Provide a short description of the job title including:

· Education and training required for this job.

· Current employment trends for this career.

· Expected salary for this career.

With Crystal, I would utilize an intervention that will support her in exploring concerns about choosing to pursue a career in graphic design and maintain her independence from her parents. I would use the resolution split strategy to help her. I believe the resolution of splits intervention will be beneficial to Crystal because she is torn between wanting to work as a graphic designer and following her parents' ambitions to pursue a career in engineering. The purpose is to help her clarify pros and cons of each career choice by using a two-chair method (Tang, 2018). She might be able to recognize her true thoughts about both professions by putting herself in the roles of a graphic designer (chair 1) and an engineer (chair 2). This will allow her to speak, feel and act, in each perspective. This change in viewpoint might give her the context she needs to convince her parents that graphic design is the best profession for her.

Based on her personality tests, Crystal's profession decision appears to be one that suits her. Her Holland Interest Code (Social, Creative, Entrepreneurial) revealed an artistic upbringing that may include jobs in graphic design and self-expression. ES

Crystal reported that she would choose a job in Zone 2, which calls for a high school diploma and some training. Despite the fact that graphic design is in Zone 4, I think that her enthusiasm for the profession will inspire her to pursue further education. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2021), this job has a median wage of $50,710 annually and requires work related experience, on the job training, or vocational training, and a bachelor’s degree is required for most positions.

Reference

· O*NET Online. (2021, August 23). Interests for: Enterprising. https://www.onetonline.org/explore/interests/Enterprising/

Week 9 Discussion 1

Consider the diverse clients that you have been serving while at RCCC and write a post that includes:

· Select a specific population and describe how a postsecondary institution or community agency can support their needs.

· Discuss the relationship between career development and mental well-being.

· Assess your own biases and describe how you will work to decrease these biases when working with diverse populations.

· Describe specific strategies you can use to decrease your biases and assumptions.

I decided to discuss how postsecondary facilities can assist individuals with a disability. A disability. The ADA defines a person with a disability as having a physical or mental impairment that significantly limits one or more major living activities, having a history of such an impairment, being aware of such an impairment, or being seen as having such an impairment by others. The ADA defines a person with a disability as having a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record of such an impairment, or a person who is perceived by others as having such an impairment. There are many forms of disabilities and can be visible or non-apparent. Many students with disabilities find their postsecondary experiences to be frustrating due to other people's unfavorable attitudes, physical barriers on campus, a lack of suitable services and programs, and a lack of funds to enhance such services and programs. I have multiple family members who struggle with online classes rather than classroom settings because they are afraid of being treated unfairly by professors and others. As a result, they don't reveal their impairment.

In some cases staff may not intentionally discriminate against those with a disability instead they my lack knowledge of the students need which makes it hard to make accommodations, In some cases the staff my just doubt his hir her ability to teach a student with a disability. The success or failure of students with disabilities may be significantly influenced by the attitudes of instructors and administration. The successful integration of college students with disabilities requires receptive attitudes of members in the entire college community, and faculty attitudes toward students with disabilities are an important influence in students’ adjustment to college (VISTAS, 2006). CITE In order to support this particular population institutions must address discrimination and bias thoughts and views by educating staff and students. They can also set an example of inclusivity by providing resources and support that assures that this population receives an equal opportunity as others at the institution.

Career development and mental well- being are directly related. According to Tang the complex relationship between professional advancement and happiness with one's health and well-being is one that emphasizes the significance of careers and how work affects mental wellbeing. Individuals are more likely to encounter physical and mental health issues if they are unemployed but wish to work, have issues at work, have issues with coworkers, or are working under stressful circumstances. Those who suffer from mental health issues should consider employment that is meaningful whether its paid or unpaid (Tang,2018). A person's performance at work as well as their physical and mental health are likely to improve if they are content with their employment and career.

I’ve worked in the health care field for many years as a direct service worker, and I was always taught to identify the person as individual rather than a person with a disability. I worked with a brilliant out going young man who was nonverbal and had an Autism diagnosis. I went into the job with a mind frame that I had to do everything for my client because of his disability. I spent a lot of time reflecting on my bias thoughts while in this field. I often found myself putting limitation on what the client can do instead of pushing him or giving them the adequate tools succeed in that area. I began to see my faults and being to give my client tools such as communication devices, communication games, and I also used modeling to show him how to complete everyday tasks. I was amazed by how he learned the skills quickly. Which cause me to push his limits instead of limiting him. This allowed me to view him as a person with a disability instead of emphasizing the disability. This allowed me to identify a bias thought and correct my way of thinking. Questioning yourself, being observant, and engaging in self-reflection, in my opinion, are the most effective ways to decrease or eliminate bias thinking. This will allow me to identify bias thoughts and address and challenge these thoughts.

Reference

ADA Act. (2022, December 7). Guide to disability rights laws. ADA.gov. Retrieved December 9, 2022, from https://www.ada.gov/resources/disability-rights-guide/#:~:text=An%20individual%20with%20a%20disability%20is%20defined%20, https://www.ada.gov/resources/disability-rights-guide/#:~:text=An%20individual%20with%20a%20disability%20is%20defined%20by%20the%2n.d.A,as%20having%20such%20an%20impairmentby%20the%20ADA,as%20having%20such%20an%20impairment

American Counseling Association. (n.d.). Students with disabilities in postsecondary education: Barriers to ... Retrieved December 10, 2022, from https://www.counseling.org/resources/library/vistas/vistas06_online-only/Johnson.pdf