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Alenezi

Ali Alenezi

ENGL1020

Mollee Shannon

Feb/19/2018

Annotated Bibliography for the Research on Diversification in American Population

Wells, Amy, et al. “How Racially Diverse Schools and Classrooms Can Benefit All Students.” Report K - 12. The Century Foundation.

This article takes insightful look at the past situation and its evolution into the current situation. Through this hopeful tone, the book approaches the aspects of the benefits of racial inclusion in schools as part of diversification in education in America. The author uses Coleman as a literary reference on the past condition of racial balance in schools. It considers the discussion of racial diversification and inclusion in school as a continuation of his work. The article looks at the Supreme Court ruling that seemed to have stopped segregation. However, the article seems to dispense the idea that this worked and supports the inclusion of new educational reform strategy that are acceptable politically as well as legally with support from the policy makers and scholars. It highlights the benefit of diversification as an opportunity to learn to navigate in the society for American youth, support and emergence of new methods of social and political awareness that is driven by voluntary choices and stresses on the point that it is meant to be an inclusive process rather than a distinct quantitative process in terms of the balancing of races in schools. The article uses examples of several interracial injustices that have been committed and highlights the importance of initiatives such as The Black Lives Matter to show a diversification in the efforts to understand this subject

Article Retrieved from https://tcf.org/content/report/how-racially-diverse-schools-and-classrooms-can-benefit-all-students/

Allmark P. “Should research samples reflect the diversity of the population?”

Journal of Medical Ethics 30 (2004):185-189

Gender is one of the major issues that drive the diversification and initiatives that support diversification in America, coupled with culture and social norms. This article takes this approach by first questioning the validity of conducting research on diversification of the population and its effectiveness. It then gives direction on the best applications that can be used in conducting the research therefore giving validity to the question earlier raised. It looks at the figures of gender diversification in America and compares it to that of England and Wales. The qualitative approach in this article manages to raise the question of biasness of data as well as the shortages and problems experienced in research on diversity in general. The article insists on proper population representation during research through qualitative research that would consider cultural mixes in samples with thorough interviewing for efficiency. It is therefore a useful reading for additional input on research.

Article retrieved from http://jme.bmj.com/content/30/2/185

Denson, Nida and. Chang Mitchell J. “Racial Diversity Matters: The Impact of Diversity-Related Student Engagement and Institutional Context.” America Education Research Journal 46.2 (2009): 322-353

This article is a research article on the diversity and its exploitation in American campuses. It takes a look at the structural adaptation of the educational institution to offering diversification in their campus while also looking at the response of the students to these opportunities offered. The article addressed racial diversification while tackling the response of the student to this form of interaction therefore looking at the implications of the diversification to the development of the student. It looks at the independent behavior of the individual student in accepting and utilization of the education model that has been used to offer the variations in terms of identity, culture and race. The article looks at the social implication as a way of racial climate change giving evidence of its existence and application. It focuses on the policies employed in the four aspects of diversity. The article discusses the evidence of application and response to diversity in the campuses by indicating that there were positively associated measures of diversity to the outcomes. This article gives very useful as it provides a reading that can be used as reference point for research

Article Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.462.8182&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Franklin, Rachel S. “The Roles of Population, Place, and Institution in Student Diversity in American Higher Education.” Growth and change 44.1 (2013): 30–53. PMC. Web. 14 Feb. 2018.

This article gives an assessment of the diversity in the student body in the universities with regard to the variation in terms of the types of learning offered in colleges and university in different parts of the United States. Through this, the article discusses the institutional role in promoting diversities in higher learning based on their location. It take a quantitative approach in the analysis of factors such as geographical location and institutional demography by looking at diversification in urbanized area, race-associated universities, community colleges and ethnic minority areas. Through this, the article measure diversity and quantitatively analyses it. It then concludes by giving the explanations on university programs diversity, student diversity and student diversity which it directs to the younger generation while advocating for further research to be done. This article is not only insightful but also educative in the approaches to research as well as research best methods applicable for extensive research.

Article Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4241295/

Anderson, Gregory, M. “In the Name of Diversity: Education and the Commoditization and Consumption of Race in the United States”. Urban Review: Race and Schooling: Theories and Ethnographie 37.5 (2005): 399-423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11256-005-0017-z

The approach in this article on diversity I the education la institution is given from the point of an exploration tone. This therefore delves into the culture, violence and the curriculum as design to be adopted by the students. In this way, it points out the students who come from “disadvantaged” ethnic groups in America. The article discusses the issues that students from these communities face pointing out their challenges in accessing the opportunities offered as with key not on the economic status. The article focuses on the needs and wants of the Black community that would be beneficial in ensuring diversity in schools. It highlights the institutional role in ensuring accessibility of the students instead of just formulation of the policies and not following up on them. The racial inequality has been stressed in this article which makes it a great source in defining the diversity classifications in terms of the availability and challenges that may arise.

Article Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11256-005-0017-z#citeas

Nieto, Sonia. Introduction to “Diversity, Globalization, and Education”. Education Forum Journal 78.1 (2014):3-6. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2014.850980

This article begins with naming the influences of education system in America by pointing out Britain adaptation. It highlights the different form of freedom that is the foundation of United States. In this way the book gives an insight into the different areas from which diversity could come from. By pointing out the education system in different forms of higher education, it gives a distinct structure and environment that could foster diversification in terms of economic affordability, locality and the general ability to do something. Categorical description of the university and provision of the statistical data to support this gives an insight into the structural formation at institutional level that makes diversification easier and applicable in education. It also discusses the level of education and how programs are offered therefore defining how several factors affect the way this topic is viewed. This therefore makes the book a very valuable source of information on institutional organization in terms of facilitating and supporting diversity.

Article Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00131725.2014.850980?src=recsys&journalCode=utef20

Eckel, Peter D. and King, Jacqueline E. An Overview of Higher Education in the United Stated. Diversity and the Role of the Marketplace (2004).

The book approaches diversity from a generalized point of view. It looks into the world and its influence on education. The article discusses the impact of globalization in curriculum with its influence on the youth. This therefore includes students at university level. In touching on the life aspects such as politics, technology, environment and fashion the book gives an insightful analysis of the external factors that affect diversity in general and that dictate it overall behavior to the society at large. This form of discussion portrayed in the book shows the social impact of diversity in the different interest in life to ethnic as well as racial distribution in education institutions. In addition, the book compares the situation as is currently to that of the past and shows the mile stones that have been covered to achieve diversification in this aspect. It gives interesting and insightful analysis to factors that support diversification at education level in comparison to the global outlook on the subject.

Article Retrieved from http://www.acenet.edu/news-room/Documents/Overview-of-Higher-Education-in-the-United-States-Diversity-Access-and-the-Role-of-the-Marketplace-2004.pdf

The U.S. Department of Education. “Advancing diversity and inclusion in higher education: Key data highlights focus on race and ethnicity and promising practices.” (2016).

A strong point in this article is the efforts of the government in supporting diversification especially in the education sector in the United States. The article starts on the note of the different existing efforts that have been spearheaded by former President Obama and the support if is meant to do. The importance of diversity and social disparity has been highlighted and the main focus for development of these two has been pointed to be education at all levels. It goes ahead and gives an in depth description of the practices that are to be carried out in order to increase diversification especially in terms of consideration for inclusion of the minority population in the United States. The article continues to give out examples of research that has been done in this topic. In general, the article is interesting as it provides us the opportunity to look at the point of view of the government assessment of the situation in United States.

Article Retrieved from https://www2.ed.gov/rschstat/research/pubs/advancing-diversity-inclusion.pdf

Franklin, Rachel S. “Benchmarking Student Diversity at Public Universities in the United States: Accounting for State Population Composition.” The Annals of regional science 49.2 (2012): 355–372.

The article starts with pointing out the future of the students from university by pointing out the impact higher education has to the professional environment. The article approaches it from a research tone. It points out that the improvement of education at higher level would help in the overall increment of diversity especially at the work force. It however, points out that this diversity has to have started from somewhere. The institution al plans and policies are areas that have been pointed out. Minority groups are the main focus that has been considered in inclusion of diversification plans at the colleges. Race and ethnicity are the main issues that have been considered in discussion and research of diversity. The paper provides a quantitative analysis of the research which conclusively points out that education at the university level can be affected by economic recession which is speculated to heavily affect diversity. It provides a great reading in consideration of research element and applicability in the study especially on this topic.

Article Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4262928/

Howard, Gary R. “As Diversity Grows, So Must We”. Education Leadership: Responding to Changing Demographics 64.6 (2007):16-22

As the topic of the article suggests, diversity is growing in the United States and therefore the book takes on a convincing tone. It stresses on the need for evolution of the education institution as a system as well as the staffing. In this way, the parental involvement is also considered using comments from different head of institutions on the position of the student and the parent. It points out clearly the need for change in order to accommodate diversification as a factor in support of education programs. It recommends a phasing process that will allow the adaptation of these positive changes to schools. As a conclusion, the article points out that there is need for awareness to be done in order to have inclusive development and transitioning in an effort to accept changes that are brought. This article is interesting since it provides a critical example of the situation as is currently and the reaction that is brought about by diversity. It therefore provides an additional element to discussing the consequences of diversification as well as pointing out the present situation.

Article Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational-leadership/mar07/vol64/num06/As-Diversity-Grows,-So-Must-We.aspx