essay
chen
AdlerCH11.pptxChapter One
A First Look at
Interpersonal Communication
Looking Out, Looking In
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
1
Why We Communicate
Physical needs
Identity needs
Social needs
Practical goals
Instrumental goals
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
The Process of Communication
Linear communication model: communication as something the sender “does to” a receiver
Sender
Encoding
Message
Channel
Receiver
Decoding
Noise
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
The Process of Communication
Linear communication model
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
The Process of Communication
Transactional communication model:
Communicators
Environments
Channels
Internal and external noise
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
The Process of Communication
Transactional communication model
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
The Process of Communication
Interpersonal communication
Definition: a transactional process involving participants who occupy different but overlapping environments and create meaning and relationships through the exchange of messages, many of which are affected by external, physiological, and psychological noise
Impersonal communication: the opposite of interpersonal communication
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
The Process of Communication
Features of interpersonal communication:
Uniqueness (relational culture)
Irreplaceability
Interdependence
Disclosure
Intrinsic rewards
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
Communication Principles and Misconceptions
Communication principles
Communication can be intentional or unintentional
It’s impossible not to communicate
Communication is unrepeatable
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
Communication Principles and Misconceptions
Communication principles (continued)
Communication is irreversible
Communication has a content and relational dimension
Content
Information explicitly discussed
Relational
Expresses how you feel
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
Communication Principles and Misconceptions
Communication misconceptions
More communication is not always better
Meanings are not in the words
Successful communication doesn’t always involve shared understanding
Communication will not solve all problems
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
What Makes an Effective Communicator?
Communication competence: communicating both effectively and appropriately
There is no ideal way to communicate
A variety of communication styles can be effective
You can always learn new styles of communication
Competence is situational
Competence can be learned
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
What Makes an Effective Communicator?
Competent communicator characteristics
A wide range of behaviors
Ability to choose the most appropriate behavior
Skill at performing behaviors
Cognitive complexity
Empathy
Self-monitoring
Commitment
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
What Makes an Effective Communicator?
Competence in intercultural communication
Co-cultures
Know rules of specific culture
Culture-general
Motivation
Tolerance for ambiguity
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
What Makes an Effective Communicator?
Competence in intercultural communication (continued)
Open-mindedness
Knowledge and skill
Mindfulness
Passive observation
Active strategies
Self-disclosure
Cengage Learning. Looking Out, Looking In, 15th Edition © 2016. All rights reserved.
