Signature Assignment Part 1

The effects of currency manipulation on the global economy

Additional literature sources

Staiger, R. W., & Sykes, A. O. (2010). ‘Currency manipulation’and world trade. World Trade Review, 9(4), 583-627.

This article provides an insight on the intervention of the World Bank in foreign exchange market. It provides some elementary conditions and regulation attached to world trade the conclusion of the articles a suitable solution to the problem in question exploring the proponents of unilateral and multilateral action against the primary currency manipulators such as China. This article will add more value in ascertaining the influence of currency manipulation in world trade.

Gagnon, J. E. (2012). Combating widespread currency manipulation. Policy Brief in International Economics, (12-19).

In brief, Gagnon tries to explore the effect of currency manipulation in the developing countries outlining substantives measures how to combat the issues with regard to the impeding significance. Through his comprehensive research finding, Gagnon explores the available currency manipulation policies while suggesting amenable solutions to the problem. The qualitative research findings enumerated in form of statistics adds more significant value in understanding the research problem.

Sanford, J. E. (2007, May). Currency Manipulation: The IMF and WTO. Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.

Sanford highlights important aspects on currency manipulation with significant contribution from International Monetary Fund and World Trade Organization. This information is quite relevant in the analysis of the research problem given that it is obtained from the Congressional Research Library. The credibility of the information will provide a more informed aspect of the two most important global trade organizations (IMF and WTO) which provide significant contribution to currency manipulation. Highlighted by the author, “The Articles of Agreement of the IMF or the WTO Agreements could be amended in order to make their treatment of currency manipulation more consistent.”

Goldstein, M. (2006). Currency manipulation and enforcing the rules of the international monetary system. Reforming the IMF for the 21st Century, 150-151.

Goldstein is concerned about the international legislative policies established by the World Trade organization and how they are used in regulation currency manipulation practices. He focuses on the trade activities performed by China and the key currency manipulator and its compliance to the rules. He draws substantive measures by underlying major reforms established by the International Monetary Fund in the 21st century

Cwik, P. F. (2011). The New Neo‐Mercantilism: Currency Manipulation As A Form Of Protectionism. Economic Affairs, 31(3), 7-11.

The article makes comprehensive observation from the historical mercantilisms that have occurred in the past few centuries. According to him the mercantilism has a significant impact on the system of international monetary reforms which contribute to currency manipulation activities. The first of the waves was countered by the classical economists leading to the inter-war period. Currently the central focus is the monetary policies which play significant roles in the formulation of free trade policy. The international system ultimately has significant implication on the economy some of which is as a result of currency manipulation. This articles is important in enhancing our theoretical understanding of the research topic since it provides a historical analysis of currency manipulation and the possible reforms that have been enforced since the 21st century.

Morrison, W. M., & Labonte, M. (2013). China's Currency Policy: An Analysis of the Economic Issues. Congressional Research Service, 49.

In this article, the author highlights some of the critical interventions poised on the Chinese trade agencies that bare significant impact on the currency policies. It is important to understand that while analyzing the impact of currency manipulation, the central focus in China as the jey manipulator. Therefore, these articles will enhance the empirical view of the subject by evaluation the currency policies established by the primary manipulators. This will help the research dig deep into the structure of currency manipulation and national currency policies that propagate the practices. The author, in addition, provides essential statistical evaluations drawing important information from the currency policy makers in conjunction with the national and international economic policy makers.