A4

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

The body is made up of million cells that undergo cell cycle that allows them to grow then they divide and die. For you to be able to understand the concept around this, you will need to know about cancer whereby cells grow uncontrollably. In that case, cells grow but they do not die like other normal cells. This occurs by first damaging the DNA of the cells. Leukemia starts in the organs that make up the blood, called the bone marrow. Acute cancer will need to be treated before they are fatal.

Acute myeloid leukemia is a type of cancer that starts in the blood cells inside the bone marrow. The blood stem cells that are in the bone marrow produces new blood cells. In the production, cells will develop and make the blood-forming cells which develop to red blood cells. Lymphocytes are made from the lymphoblast; these are the ones that are supposed to die which do not happen when leukemia is involved. In the case of leukemia, the lymphocytes do not die but reproduce and crowd in the bone marrow.

The high number of lymphocytes makes the organ to be unable to function normally. The blood vessel will become clogged and the movement of blood will be hindered. The symptoms will start showing from that point whereby one will have bone and joint pain as cells build up there. The cancerous cells when in the spleen and liver they will lead to abdominal swelling. When some risk factors are prevented, they can help to mitigate myeloid leukemia. The risk factors such as smoking, chemical exposure and other many can cause leukemia. Some risk cannot be controlled as one is born with.

There is also a diagnosis process that needs to be understood when we look at the symptoms of the disorder. Once you get diagnosed with the disorder, then you can be tested to determine leukemia. The blood sample is the ones that are taken to take the patient through testing. On the other hand, the sample of bone marrow biopsy can also be taking and aspiration. According to the American cancer society, the bone marrow is supposed to have 20% blast for it to be diagnosed. The shortage of red blood cells and the platelets indicates the presence of leukemia. When you are doing the cells, the cytochemistry is applied where cells are dyed with a stain. The leukemia cells react with the stains.

There are treatments of AML which are based on the patient. The main treatment is chemotherapy. You can be injected with anti-cancer pills and the doctor may insert a catheter into the vein. This is when the patient is under anesthesia. These approaches relieve the pain and chemotherapy can start. There are stages that are involved, remission induction and followed by consolidation. The drugs that are used have many side effects since they invade the dividing cells very rapidly. These affect the hair roots and that is why patients have a loss of hair.

The patients always have to be on a good diet since you will be on constant medication and pills. To make sure you are strong food is very important. However, despite all the treatments and the countermeasure taken, many people succumb to leukemia. most of the death from AML are adult. The doctors are hoping to do a lot so that they can be in a position to help people. When someone is diagnosed, you will have to go through some hard and painful life. When the treatments are done then the patient can live a normal life thereafter. There is nothing that the doctors can do in preventing the gene since you are born with them.

We can conclude that AML is very complex and the knowledge in biology can help us to discover new potential drugs that can help us to deal with the disorder. It is a fact that you cannot win through a single approach to the drug option. Relapse can be termed to be the highest cause of the cases of mortality after HCT. On the other hand, immunotherapy is the other approach that helps to provide a long-lasting cure for AML patients.