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AboredhaBiomedicalAcousticTechnologies.pptxBiomedical Acoustic Technologies
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Introduction
Medical acoustics are a product of life sciences, electronics, and physical sciences
Real-time monitoring of biomedical signals
Various biomedical signals can be obtained from various medical sensors
The market for sensors is rapidly rising
In engineering, industrial, and medical applications, there is a rising demand for small, disposable, reliable, and inexpensive sensors (Wiklund et al., 2001). The market for sensors is rapidly rising. Especially, the market for biosensor is highly promising because of their application in healthcare, medical, and biotechnology applications, like cancer detection at early stages, pathogen detection, and glucose testing. The relationship between life sciences, electronics, and physical sciences has become very important to appoint where several researchers have focused on related studies to fulfill the desires of the medical scientist in biomedical society. Real-time monitoring of biomedical signals is the main clue for executive management, prediction, earlier detection, and diagnosis of fatal diseases including heart attacks and strokes. Different biomedical signals can be obtained to show the patient’s health status.
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Literature Survey
biomedical acoustic system
Sensor transducers
Advanced software
Help users in the monitoring of patients’ health data
Acoustic technologies need to be in a digital design ((Shixi, 2006)
More sophisticated algorithms
Faster and accurate convergence
efficiency in huge acoustic technologies
More robust to any type of interference.
A couple of years before that, there were various advertisements made by more than one healthcare company claiming that these technologies would be used in many health facilities (Shixi, 2006). Acoustic technologies need to be in a digital design, where all the signals from the transducers, electromechanical or electroacoustic, are processed using DSP (digital signal processing) in real-time. More sophisticated algorithms lead to faster and accurate convergence as well as efficiency in huge acoustic technologies and also more robust to any type of interference.
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Objectives
Sensors are essential in many devices and various applications for a better future
Research expounds on the benefits and applications of biomedical acoustic technologies
Various biosensors are expounded
Function of the stage of bio-potential amplified
Sensors are essential in many devices and various applications for a better future. The old health care systems has been facing a lot of challenges like unmonitored health which mostly led to unexpected calamities like death. This research expounds on the benefits and applications of biomedical acoustic technologies. It also creates a further understanding of these technologies and their implications in the modern era. The body of humans continuously communicates information concerning the people’s health that indicates the status of the organs and the general health information. This information can be captured using physical devices which measure various types of information like blood glucose, heart rate, brain capacity, nerve condition, among others.
This paper also includes different classifications of biosignals basing arguments on various principles. Also, various biosensors are expounded including the function of the stage of bio-potential amplifier located within the sensor. Lastly, processing and acquisition phases in the biomedical signal are also included
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Data analysis and Discussion
The main types of biomedical signal include electroencephalogram and speech signals.
Five common sources of noise affecting bio-signals:
Interference
Sampling noise
Aliasing
Instrument noise
Power line AC and
Thermal noise (Sezen et al., 2007).
Medical acoustics are constrained by:
Practical constraints that normally lower performance of a system
Fundamental performance limitations
challenges in design architecture
Performance balanced limitations
The main types of biomedical signal include electroencephalogram and speech signals. There are five common sources of noise affecting bio-signals, including interference, sampling noise, aliasing, instrument noise, power line AC, and thermal noise (Sezen et al., 2007). Various classifications are used to categorize these bio-signals, according to channel numbers, biosignal source, nature, model, and dimensionality. Performance analysis helps in resolving different challenges like; practical constraints that normally lower performance of a system, fundamental performance limitations, challenges in design architecture, performance balanced limitations.
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Main Acoustic Medical Technologies
Acoustic Wave Technology
Acoustic Sensors
Piezoelectric Effect
There are various techniques to measure sound waves like, frequency, amplitude which is based on the volume of the sound, wavelength, sound speed, and phase. The discrete particles move about their point of relaxation at a similar frequency tone. The particles vibrating during motion pus the next ones and put them in movement. This causes a chain effect and creates regions of high and low pressure. Thus sound waves are generated by the interchange between the high and the low pressure. Acoustic biosensors use acoustic or mechanical waves to attain biophysical, medical, and biochemical information. It also senses changes in mass, conductivity, elasticity, and dielectric properties from mechanical or electrical variations. The piezoelectric effect is used at the transducer to electrically stimulate the desired acoustic waves to gain the waves as output at the transducer (Gessner et al., 2013). Piezoelectricity Effect is applied in detecting sounds and other electronic high voltage generation. The positive and negative are divided I crystals of piezoelectric causing the crystal to be neutral (Gessner et al., 2013). The symmetry is initially disturbed by applying stress to the material to produce voltage from the symmetry of the charge. The material of piezoelectric can be divided in accordance to the cutting procedures which are, longitudinal, transverse, and shear.
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Conclusion
Medical acoustics foster emotional intelligence
The effectiveness of incorporating nonverbal elements of communication
Close attention should be given to acoustic perception without visual input
The current results highlight the effectiveness of incorporating nonverbal elements of communication, such as psychological perception, into the process of intervention for people with hearing loss using HA or CI. Close attention should be given to acoustic perception without visual input. In general, focusing on the visual and acoustic sensory tests, it can be concluded that the mental state of the speaker is intelligible to people with hearing loss in many social experiences where the recipient not only sees the face of the speaker but also reacts to him / her. Even so, in situations where visual information is insufficient or unavailable, such as telephone communication (Ainslie &Leighton, 2009). This study's findings challenge the advantages of CI in transferring the acoustic information needed to identify the emotional state of the speaker.
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Recommendations
Studies should continue to investigate the results of existing CI coding techniques
Future studies ought to keep on examining individuals using CI
It is also recommended that children with bilateral CI be examined
Studies should continue to investigate the results of existing CI coding techniques, which appear to provide better information about the ability to perceive emotions in the low-frequency range. For example, Med-El's recent strategy for fine structure processing (FSP) asserts to provide information on periodicity. Future studies ought to keep on examining individuals using CI on one ear and HA on the other to assess whether this bimodal approach leads to a better understanding of emotion. It is also recommended that children with bilateral CI be examined. Finally, future analysis of the perception of emotions by postlingually deaf people compared to prelingually deaf people would enable researchers to assess the impact of linguistic and auditory exposures on the perception of emotions
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