Health Management
Lola2230
90868_CH03_PPT.pptChapter 3
MANAGEMENT AND MOTIVATION
Introduction
Motivation
- According to Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary ….
- Motive
- “something (a need or desire) that causes a person to act.”
- Motivate
- “to provide with a motive.”
- Motivation
- “the act or process of motivating.”
Motivated versus Engaged
- The concepts go hand-in-hand
- Engaged healthcare employees display the following characteristics:
- Are more productive
- Are more focused on patient care and treatment
- Are safer
- Are loyal to their employers
- Model positive behaviors of engagement
- Witness greater profitability for a provider than a disengaged employer
Why Motivation Matters
- Motivated employees…
- Are fully engaged in their work
- Contribute at a much higher level
- Are invested, happier, and loyal
- Motivated employees motivate others
- Influence better organizational outcomes resulting in a better competitive advantage for the organization
History of Motivation
- Not a new concept
- Athens and the Grecian empire
- 1809, William James
- 1943, Clark Hull
- 1940, human behavior in the workplace
Theories of Motivation
- Psychologists study motivation from the perspectives of:
- Needs at different levels
- Extrinsic factors
- Intrinsic factors
- Integration of needs, extrinsic and intrinsic factors
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
- Physiological needs – food, water, sexual drive, etc.
- Safety needs – shelter, jobs, pay, etc.
- Belonging needs – social interactions, etc.
- Esteem needs – status, recognition, etc.
- Self-actualization needs – achievement, personal development and growth, etc.
Other Need-based
Motivation Theories
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Extrinsic Factor Theory of Motivation
- Skinner’s Reinforcement Theory
- Positive Reinforcement
- Avoidance Learning = Negative Reinforcement
- Punishment
- Extinction
Intrinsic Factor Theories of Motivation
- Adam’s Equity Theory
- Vroom’s Expectancy Theory
- Locke’s Goal Setting Theory
Management Theories of Motivation
- Taylor’s Scientific Management
- McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
- Ouchi’s Theory Z
- Integrative Model of Motivation
Extrinsic Rewards: Tangibles
Intrinsic Rewards: Intangibles
- Healthy relationships – feeling a sense of connection
- Meaningful vs. meaningless work
- Competence
- Choice and participation in decision-making
- Progress – accountability, meeting milestones
Myths about Motivation and Satisfaction
- “Although I’m not motivated by extrinsic rewards, others are”
- All motivation is intrinsic
- Some people just are not motivated
- People are motivated by money
- Motivation is manipulation
- One-size-fits-all reward programs
- Motivational people are born, not made
- There’s only one kind of employee satisfaction
Motivational Strategies
Motivating Across Generations
- Traditionalist (b. before 1945)
- Baby Boomer (b. between 1946-1964)
- Generation X (b. between 1965-1978)
- Millennials (b. between 1979-present)
- NB. Refer to Table 3-1 for comparisons of characteristics and motivational preferences across generations.
Whether you think you can
or
you think you can’t,
you’re right!
Henry Ford
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