Third assignment

Language

Introduction to Communication, 10/22/18

1. The social construction of reality

2. Why study language?

3. What gets "done" using language?

Content:

· What people talk about

Relationship:

· How people present themselves

· Relationship between self and other

4. Components of language

-phonology -- combining sounds into meaningful units (words)

-Syntax -- Combinations of words into larger units (sentences)

-Semantics -- meanings of words on the basis of the relationship to one another and elements of the environment

-Pragmatics -- appropriate ways of using language

A. Syntax -- Chomsky -- generative theory

--deep structures

· In our brains

· Combine deep structures into an infinite number of grammatical sentences

· Use what we say(surface structure) to discover deep structure

--surface structures

My car is Stalled

Noun phrase Verb adjective

B. Semantics -- --how we make meaning

· Interactively constructed

· Vivian and shane, “one guy”

--symbols

--metacommunication

· Principle of refexiveness

· Talk about talk

07 Ava: <I wan]'dih know if yih got a-uh:m

08 wutchimicawllit. A:: pah(hh)khing place °th's mornin'.∙hh

09 Bee: A pa:rking place,

10 Ava: Mm hm,

11 (0.4)

12 Bee: Whe:re.

13 Ava: t! Oh: just anypla(h)ce? I wz jus' kidding yuh.

14 Bee: Nno?=

15 Ava: =(°No).

16 Bee: =W h y whhat'sa mattuh with y-Yih sound HA:PPY, hh

17 Ava: Nothing. 

18 Ava: u- I sound ha:ppy?

19 Bee: Yeeuh.

20 (0.3)

21 Ava: No:,

22 Bee: Nno:?

23 Ava: No.

24 (0.7)

25 Bee: ∙hh You sound sorta cheerful?

26 Ava: °(Any way). ∙hh  How'v you bee:n.

27 Bee: ∙hh Oh:: survi:ving I guess, hhh!

--connotation and denotation

· Denotation is dictionary definition

· Connotation is many definition of a single word for different people

--Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

-Linguistic Determinism (Strong version)

-Linguistic Relativity (Weak version)

C. Pragmatics

--conversational management

--turn-taking

--projectability

--Transition relevance place

--Turn-constructional unit

--multi-unit turn

01 ((ring))

02 Nan: H'llo:?

03 Hyl: Hi:,

04 Nan: (HI::.

05 Hyl: Hwaryuhh=

06 Nan: =Fi:ne. how'r you,

07 Hyl: Oka:[y

08 Nan: [( Goo:d,

09 (0.4)

10 Hyl: .mkhhh[hhh

11 Nan: [What's doin,

12 (.)

13 Hyl: aAh:, noth[i:n:,

--action sequence organization

--adjacency pair

--FPP; initiating action

--SPP; responding action

--Grice -- Co-operative principle:

Maxims: quantity:

quality:

relation/relevancy:

manner:

--Methods and practices for doing actions through communication