political timed test
Nancy 00001
8-SocandCommP1.pdf
PLAN FOR TODAY
• 1. RECAP
• 2. SOCIALISM AND COMMUNISM
• 2a) Definition
• 2b) Socialism and Communism on HN and Freedom
• 2c) Origins and Marx’s Heritage
• 3. HOMEWORK
HOMEWORK FOLLOW-UP 1- Read Chapter 4 of your textbook and review the resources on C4
2- Review the political platform of the Conservative party of Canada. Note 2 political actions that are in line with Conservatism and explain why. ( half a page)
3- Answer the question: Is Conservatism against change? Explain why or why not?
4- Review the Project Guidelines on C4
RECAP
Fusionist Conservatives
CONSERVATISM’S MANY FACES
Traditional Conservatives
Modern Conservatives
Neoconservatives
Individualist Conservatives
The Religious Right
DEFINITION CONSERVATISM
Traditional Conservatives Modern Conservatives
Traditional Conservatives support;
• 1- A representative government • 2- Hereditary aristocracy ( Social status) • 3- The right to private property • 4- The distribution of power among institutions • 5- Freedom if ordered ( by government)
Modern Conservatives support;
• 1- A representative government • 2- The right to private property • 3- The distribution of power among institutions • 4- A small government ( except militarily)
Conservatism on Human Nature
Human beings are; 1.Imperfect
• Because Human beings are weak, their passions and desires will always prevail over reason
Government
V
RADICAL IDEAS, INNOVATION, PASSIONS AND DESIRES, ETC.
AGENT OBSTACLE
CONSERVATISM ON FREEDOM
THE INTERCONNECTED INDIVIDUALS
GOAL
ORDER, STABILITY, HARMONY, CONTINUITY
ORIGINS- French revolution 1789-1799
KEY FEATURES OF CONSERVATISM
1. Conservatism & Mass Society 2. Conservatism & Levelling 3. Conservatism & the Right to private property 4. Conservatism & Communism 5. Conservatism & Change
KEY VALUES OF CONSERVATISM
1. Authority 2. Small government 3. Protection of private property 4. Protection of traditions 5. Respect for hierarchy
CONSERVATISM AND THE 4 FUNCTIONS
1 Explanation
= Choices made by imperfect individuals ultimately always explain why things are the way they are.
2 Evaluation
= Conditions are good if social peace and stability are in place.
3 Orientation
= The sense of identity is based on the society, not the individual solely.
4 Political Program
= Programs will vary from one time and place to another. But they should always be pursued slowly and carefully.
SOCIALISM « Wherever man have private property and money is the measure of everything, it is hardly possible for the commonwealth to be governed justly and flourish in prosperity. »
Thomas More
Socialism and Communism
Socialism and Communism Social Community
DEFINITION - SOCIALISM
« Socialism is a body of Western teaching and practice resting upon the belief that most social evils can be cured by the transference, gradual or immediate, total or partial of the ownership of property and of the means of production, exchange and distribution from private to public control. »
Source: Sir Isaiah berlin ( Textbook, p.147)
SOCIALISM EXPLAINED
DEFINITION - COMMUNISM
« A political belief advocating for a classless society in which private ownership has been abolished and the means of production and subsistence belong to the community. »
Source: Collins dictionary
COMMUNISM EXPLAINED
What is the difference between Socialism and Communism ?
Socialism is a precursor and is considered a necessary foundation and transition in the establishment of Communism
Socialism Communism
The difference between Socialism and Communism - EXPLAINED
DEFINITION – SOCIALISM & COMMUNISM
Socialism
Did Communism ever existed in practice?
?
These Are The Last Five Communist Countries
SOCIALISM AND COMMUNISM ON HUMAN
NATURE & FREEDOM
Human beings are; 1.Social or communal
creatures
Human beings are; 2.Caring and cooperative
Socialism & Communism on Freedom
VAGENT GOAL OBSTACLE
SOCIALISM AND COMMUNISM ON FREEDOM
V
THE COMMUNITY OR WORKING PEOPLE
AGENT
V
CLASS DIVISIONS, $ INEQUALITIES, UNEQUAL LIFE-CHANCES
AGENT OBSTACLE
SOCIALISM AND COMMUNISM ON FREEDOM
THE COMMON OR WORKING PEOPLE
VAGENT OBSTACLE
GOAL
FULFILLEMENT OF HUMAN NEEDS, SATISFYING WORK, FAIR SHARE OF PRODUCT AND PROFIT
SOCIALISM AND COMMUNISM ON FREEDOM
THE COMMON OR WORKING PEOPLE
CLASS DIVISIONS, $ INEQUALITIES, UNEQUAL LIFE-CHANCES
Renaissance 14th -17th century
ORIGINS
Liberalism in the 19th century
Socialists objected to the liberal emphasis on self-interest, competition, and individual liberty.
Socialism is an ideology focused on the common group and the community
Early thinkers
Thomas More (1478-1535) Saint-Simon (1760-1825)
Early thinker
Karl Marx (1818-1883)
KARL MARX’S THEORY EXPLAINED
1. The concept of class struggles
= Classes have opposite views, interests and aspirations and as long as societies are divided into different classes, class conflict is inevitable.
2. The concept of the material forces of production
= Every resources and materials needed to transform into commodities.
3. The concept of the social relations of production
=Material production always require a degree of specialization that requires social relations of production ( or the division of labor.)
4. The concept of proletariat and bourgeoise
= The proletariat and the bourgeoisie.
Which class you belong depends upon your relation to the forces of production.
5. The concept of ideological superstructure and indoctrination
= A set of ideas and beliefs that legitimizes and justifies the arrangements and institutions of that society.
Marx’s materialist conception of history
MATERIAL FORCES OF PRODUCTION
SOCIAL RELATIONS OF PRODUCTION
IDEAS IDEAS, BELIEFS
6. The concept of alienation
6. The concept of alienation
= People are alienated from their work and from another.
The 4 types of alienation
1. From the product of their labor
• = Because they are forced to sell their labor and do not own either the means of production or what they produce.
• 2. From the activity of production
• = Because they cannot find satisfaction in their labor and become an « appendage of the machine ».
3. From their undeveloped potential to create and enjoy beauty
= Because the capitalist society reduces work to mere necessity, and therefore, discourages humans to produce freely as a means of self- expression and self-realization.
4. From one another
= Because the capitalist society require them to compete for jobs.
The 4 types of alienation
4. From one another
3. From their undeveloped potential to create and enjoy beauty
2. From the activity of production
1. From the product of their labor
The proletarian revolution
The proletarian revolution
=Capitalism is abolished, and society is radically transformed.
The 7 phases of the proletarian revolution
• 1. Economic crisis • 2. Immiseration of the proletariat • 3. Revolutionary class consciousness • 4. Seizure of Power • 5. Dictatorship of proletariat • 6. Whitering away of the state • 7. Communism
CONCLUSION –PART 1
Socialism advocates for a transference total or partial of the ownership of property and the means of production
Communism advocates for a classless society in which private ownership is abolished and the means of production belong to the community
CONCLUSION –PART 1
Socialism is a precursor to Communism
Communism never existed in practice
Karl Marx’ heritage on the development of this ideology is deep and foundational and he is at the core of concepts such as; classes struggles, alienation, indoctrination, the proletarian revolution and a classless society
EXERCISE
Review the political platform of the NDP party of Canada. Note 2 political actions that are in line with Socialism and explain why. (half a page)
HOMEWORK
1- Read Chapters 5-6 2- Consult the resources on C4
3- Answer the following question: Name and explain two differences between Socialism and Communism?
4- Copy the definition of these words: A) Alienation B) Social class C) Proletariat D) Bourgeoisie E) Exploitation F) Revolution
5- Finish the exercise
