base on the instructor’s comments to revise the composition
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8-MeaningandValue.pdf
• 1. INTRODUCTION • 2. RECAP • 3. THE MEANING OF WORK • 4. THE VALUE OF WORK • 5. BUSINESS’S RESPONSIBILITIES FOR MEANINGFUL WORK • 6. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP • 7. HOMEWORK
PLAN FOR TODAY
HOMEWORK FOLLOW-UP
• Consult all the resources on C4 • Read Chapter 4 of your textbook • Answer the questions:
• A)How can the corporate culture influence the employees’ behavior?
• B) How can a business leader influence his or her employees’ behavior?
• C) What is a corporate culture? How is it linked to business ethics?
• D) Name 3 tools that can help building an ethical corporate culture.
RECAP
CORPORATE CULTURE- DEFINITION
‘’The values and behaviors that contribute to the
unique social and psychological environment
of an organization.’’
Source: Business Dictionary
CULTURE & ETHICS
In situations where the laws is an incomplete guide for ethical decision making;
= The business culture is likely to be the determining factor in what gets decided.
Source: Textbook, p.83
CULTURE & ETHICS
An ethical culture therefore would be one in which;
= Employees are empowered and expected to act in ethically responsible ways even when the laws does not require it.
Source: Textbook, p.83
ETHICAL LEADERSHIP & CORPORATE CULTURE
Who is responsible to establish the corporate culture within an organization?
1. Personal behavior 2. Allocation of resources 3. Business performance is combined with a set of ethical
values
BUILDING A VALUES-BASED
CORPORATE CULTURE 7 Steps
Program
BUILDING A VALUES-BASED CORPORATE CULTURE
1. Confirm the commitment of the key leaders
2. Create and Adopt a Mission-Vision-Values Statement
3. Create and Adopt a Code of Conduct
4. Provide an Ethics Hotline and a clear Policy on Whistleblowing
5. Provide Trainings and Information
6. Adopt Incentives
7. Monitor and Audit
THE MEANING OF WORK
THE MEANING OF WORK
A job, something done to earn money.
Source: Business Dictionary online
THE MEANING OF
WORK
Work is a very important part of our lives, it is associated with money, social status, responsibilities and happiness.
THE MEANING OF
WORK Work can also be
perceived as a burden, and as a necessary evil
to avoid whenever possible.
THE MEANING OF WORK
How we perceive work affect our;
• Performance • Productivity • Capacity to be promoted and get better wages • Absenteeism or presenteeism
‘’Presenteeism occurs when employees are physically present, but due to an unaddressed physical or emotional issue, distracted to the point of reduced productivity.’’
Source: Workplace strategies for mental health
THE MEANING OF WORK
The meaning and value of work can contribute significantly to improve or reduce self-esteem as well as physical and mental health.
• Work can be fulfilling, uplifting and exalting – work can make you a better person.
• But it can also be degrading, tiresome, annoying and make you sick.
THE MEANING OF WORK
According to Statistics Canada, almost 40% of Canadians suffer from workplace stress.
• Employers lose $20 billion per year • ¾ of short term disability claims are mental health related • Untreated workplace stress leads to drops in productivity,
poor workplace morale, decreases in output
THE VALUE OF WORK
THE VALUE OF WORK
The Classical model
• ‘’Work is seen as something that must be endured. It is difficult, arduous laborious.
• And the very words work and labor carry this negative connotation in ordinary language.’’
THE VALUE OF WORK
• 2. The Human Fulfillment Model
• ‘’ From this perspective, work is the primary activity through which people develop their full potential as human beings.’’
THE VALUE OF WORK
The Heritage of Karl Marx
The concept of alienation:
The result of work that prevents the full development of human
potential Karl Marx 1818-1883
THE VALUE OF WORK
3. The Liberal Model
• ‘’Individual workers should be free to choose the ends of their work. People choose to work for many reasons and may willingly accept undesirable jobs simply as means to earn money.’’
THE VALUE OF WORK
Classical Model Liberal Model Human Fulfillment Model
Work must be endured
Work must develop the full potential of
humans
Workers are free to chose the ends of
their work
THE VALUE OF WORK
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work?
1. Instrumental Value
• Work has significant value as a mean for attaining an income, through which many other ends that we need or desire.
• Work has high instrumental value because it enables us to attain many other goods.
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work?
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work?
2.Psychic goods
• These include feelings of personal satisfaction and self-worth, achievement, self-esteem and happiness.
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work?
3. Expression of one’s character
Many work because that is simply the type of person they are; for many people their character is manifested through work.
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work?
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work?
4. Social meaning
• With work comes social status, honor, respect, companionship and camaraderie. Work can be a major activity through which our social nature is expressed.
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work?
5. Complete lifestyle
• One’s dedication of all (or nearly all) aspects of his or her life to work.
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work? 6. To contribute to the community
• Some people chose careers or jobs that enables them to make an important contribution to their community.
THE VALUE OF WORK Why work? 7. For the product that is created
• Much of this work is valuable for the product and the quality of the product.
THE VALUE OF WORK
‘’First we choose and shape our work, then it shapes us.’’
Winston Churchill
DO BUSINESS HAVE RESPONSIBILITES FOR MEANINGFUL WORK?
BUSINESS’S RESPONSIBILITES FOR MEANINGFUL WORK
Participation (voting)
Due process Healthy and safe working conditions
Fair wages and benefits
Training Privacy
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
‘’A social entrepreneur is a person who pursues an innovative idea with the potential to solve a community problem.’’
Source: Investopedia https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/social-entrepreneur.asp
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
‘’The main goal of a social entrepreneur is not to earn a profit, but rather to implement widespread improvements in society. However, a social entrepreneur must still be financially savvy to succeed in his or her cause.’’
Source: Investopedia https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/social-entrepreneur.asp
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS - EXPLAINED
EXAMPLE - SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
• Genesys teaches low-income high school juniors basic IT skills, like installing and troubleshooting software, then places them in paid internships, hoping they'll land steady jobs after graduation. As a bonus Genesys grads are far more likely to go to college than their peers.
EXAMPLE - SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
• Since 1991, developing low-cost, high-impact products, –including a machine that makes cooking oil from sunflower seeds. Their latest is a line of –manually operated pumps that allow farmers to pull water from a river, pond or shallow well and irrigate up to 2 acres of land. KickStart sold 28,000 of them last year in small shops throughout Africa.
EXAMPLE - SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
• Terracylce uses worm poop as an organic fertilizer. With a $2,000 angel investment it started packaging the fertilizer in used soda bottles and selling it out of his car to local gardening centers. In 2004 he convinced a buyer for Home Depot to take a flier on his fertilizer, which is also now available in Target and Wal-Mart.
EXAMPLE - SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS
• Harrison is a former New York City nightclub promoter who was shocked at how much money was wasted on booze. So he raised $15,000, enough for three wells in Uganda. Five years later Harrison's charity: water has provided drinking water to more than 2 million people through 4,282 projects in 19 countries. By January 2011 he will have raised $60 million.
CONCLUSION • The meaning and value of work can contribute significantly to improve or
reduce self-esteem as well as physical and mental health.
• There are 3 models to help understand the value of work (classical, human fulfillment, liberal)
• The value of work has a personal embedded value for each individual
• Many individuals are now questioning the value of work and the purpose of their lives and turn out to social entrepreneurship to create innovative ideas that solve social issues
HOMEWORK
1. Consult all the resources on C4 pay extra attention to the video on social entrepreneurs (interview with M. Yunus)
2. Read Chapter 5 of
your textbook
3. Answer the following questions:
A) What are some of the tools available to implement an ethical corporate culture?
B) What is the main goal of a social entrepreneur? How is it different than a
regular entrepreneur?
C) Name and explain 4 different ways to express the value of ‘’work’’
