6301 WK 9 DISCUSS
Candyy31
6301REPONSES.docx2
RESPONSE1
. Kimberley Phillips ( She/Her)
YesterdayApr 25 at 6:06pm
To discern what ways the emotional reaction to trauma exposure contributes to the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in adolescents aged 14-18 years, I have established the use of the quantitative approach to establish a causal relationship between trauma and drinking in adolescents (Yegidis et al., 2018). The population will be adolescents between the ages of 14 and 18 who have been diagnosed with AUD. This would mean I would need to find participants who have been treated or are currently in treatment for AUD. I would compile the list of possible participants through contact with adolescent treatment centers, both inpatient and outpatient, in the state of Colorado. Currently there are 300 licensed substance use agencies serving adolescents in the state and an average of 3,100 clients being served (Colorado Behavioral Health Administration, n.d.). From these agencies I hope to identify at least 250 adolescents who wish to participate (with parental consent) through the use of mail inquiries. This final number would come from a random selection of replies received in an effort to improve internal validity (Yegidis et al., 2018).
Ethical guidelines are informed by the National Association of Social Workers code of ethics and findings of the Belmont Report (NASW, 2021; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections, 2018). One ethical consideration could be identifying information provided by the agencies. This could be addressed by developing a partnership with the agencies in the interest of research, where they could send the correspondence with the cost being paid by the study. Then interested parties could reply to the included document that would list the study address and phone number information. Taking this measure ensures that privacy is protected, as outlined in ethical standard 1.07, privacy and confidentiality (NASW, 2021) and ethical principle C1, information (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections., 2018). The use of all agencies, meaning both those that take private insurance as well as state medical assistance, would assist with representativeness since clients would be from a variety of socioeconomic backgrounds (Yegidis et al., 2018). The Belmont Report section C3 addresses selection of subjects (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections, 2018).
Informed consent would be secured prior to any interactions. This follows ethical standard 1.03, informed consent (NASW, 2021) and ethical principle C1, informed consent (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections, 2018). Since these participants are minors, parental consent is required. Participants may be at risk for deferential vulnerability with their parents signing consents for them (Gordon, 2020). As such, the participant would need to be present during the process of informed consent. Due to the sensitive nature of the trauma questions, mandated reporting may be involved as instances of abuse or desire to harm oneself may occur (Tufford & Lee, 2019; Yegidis et al., 2018). Participants would be given this knowledge in the informed consent with the understanding that it is a protection by the worker, as stated in ethical standard 1.01, commitment to clients (NASW, 2021). Additionally, workers involved in the study would be held to all standards in the code, especially regarding cultural competence (1.05), evaluation and research (5.02), and the principles of service, dignity and worth of a person, integrity, competence, and social justice. They would also be expected to follow the ethical principles and guidelines for research as outlined in the Belmont Report (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections, 2018).
References:
Colorado Behavioral Health Administration. (n.d.). Adolescent Substance Use Disorder Treatment Programs | Behavioral Health Administration. Bha.colorado.gov. Retrieved April 23, 2023, from https://bha.colorado.gov/adolescent-substance-use-disorder-treatment-programs
Gordon, B. G. (2020). Vulnerability in research: Basic ethical concepts and general approach to review. The Ochsner Journal, 20(1), 34–38. https://doi.org/10.31486/toj.19.0079Links to an external site.
National Association of Social Workers. (2021). Code of ethics of the National Association of Social Workers. https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/Code-of-Ethics-English
Tufford, L., & Lee, B. (2019). Decision-Making Factors in the Mandatory Reporting of Child Maltreatment. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 12(2), 233–244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-018-0211-2Links to an external site.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections. (2018, January 15). The Belmont report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/read-the-belmont-report/index.htmlLinks to an external site.
Yegidis, B. L., Weinbach, R. W., & Myers, L. L. (2018). Research methods for social workers (8th ed.). Pearson.
RESPONSE2
Collapse Subdiscussion Cheryl D Scott
12:52amApr 26 at 12:52am
Hello all,
Identify the population, sample, and sampling technique for your study.
My study is on the most beneficial treatment options for children and families negatively impacted by untreated mental health and substance use disorders. In the study, I would also like to determine if these approaches are most beneficial as preventative versus interventive, especially for younger children. In terms of population, which Yegidis et al. (2018) defined as those that are more accessible to researchers to choose from as participants, for my study, it would be women, men, and children of all races, ethnic backgrounds, religions, age, marital status, political belief, mental and physical ability, sexual orientation, and gender in the region, state, or city researchers have chosen.
The sample or participants would come from within the population, the subsamples. It would be unnecessary to complete the experiment on the entire population because they would not all meet the criteria for what researchers are attempting to find. The samples would be individuals and families affected by mental health and substance use disorders, those who may or may not participate in intervention services when conducting the study. Because the study can be completed in a qualitative or quantitative approach, some sample groups are controlled, while others may not be.
Whether the approach is quantitative or qualitative, the sampling technique varies in this study. The quantitative approach utilizes probability sampling, which random sampling derives, according to Yegidis et al. (2018). For example, several articles I found that were of quantitative approach, the participants were drawn from databases of agencies, district court services, and other providers, that were people who had substance use disorders or had been referred for child abuse or child maltreatment to have more of a controlled variable of participants. They could also narrow the household makeup, ethnicity, age, and other demographics through data pulls, which is the stratified sampling technique. Yegidis et al. (2018) state that stratified sampling is when researchers ensure numbers are distributed appropriately and put onto charts and tables for visual clarification to ensure numbers are even throughout the categories. In this way, the numbers would be more accurate at the end of the conclusion.
The qualitative approach sampling techniques are less structured and use nonprobability sampling. Sieger & Hashwell (2020) had extremely loose requirements for their participants during their study. The participants were required to be adults with open court cases seeking family reunification with their children, present and willing to interview in the courthouse between October 2017 and October 2018. Also, the court case had to be related to their substance use addiction. I would look at this technique as convenience sampling, which Yegidis et al. (2018) discussed. The technique chose participants that were accessible to the researcher. This technique these researchers used could also be combined with purposive sampling because the participants were only interviewed, and the findings were determined solely by their reports. This particular article was good to use for self-reporting reasons leading to substance use.
Ethical or cultural issues related to the population to be addressed.
Researchers must consider ethical and cultural issues in research studies. The NASW Code of Ethics (2021) states that researchers should obtain participants’ permission before they participate, meaning let them know all that is involved with the study and any risk that may be involved. Researchers should do whatever possible to keep participants’ personal information private and confidential and protect the participants from any harm. Social workers also must ensure participants can understand and inform them of their rights, including the right to withdraw from their participation in the study, NASW Code of Ethics (2021). Although social workers are to work their hardest to keep confidentiality, there is still the risk of breaches; NASW (2021) states that social workers must let the participants know of limitations, avoid dual relationships or conflicts of interest, and it would also be good practice to share results of the study with participants.
References
National Association of Social Workers (Ed) (2021). Code of ethics. NASW
Yegidis, B. L., Weinbach, R. W., & Myers, L. L. (2018). Research methods for social workers (8th ed.). Pearson.
