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Socioenvironmental health & quality of life measures

 

Psychosocial adaptations, environmental supports, and functional ability vary greatly between

people of the same age. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) assists in diagnosing

manageable conditions, results in better patient outcomes, and lastly, identifies preventable

diseases. Quality of life in aging individuals involves identifying the person’s general satisfaction

with life in a number of the domains identified in the CGA (Kennedy-Malone, 2019).

 

 

Socioenvironmental Supports – Dimensions of comprehensive geriatric assessment:

Social network and support. Living situation Environmental safety. Economic resources

 

Social support screening tool: Social isolation is a common problem affecting the older adult

population. Lubben Social Network Scale 6-item version: it's an abbreviated version of the 18-item

screening tool that assesses the network of family and friendship relationships that the individual

can talk to or rely on for support/help.

Scores range from 0 to 30, the higher the score the stronger is the support.

 

LUBBEN SOCIAL NETWORK SCALE – 6 (LSNS-6)

 

FAMILY:

Considering the people to whom you are related by birth, marriage, adoption, etc…

 

1. How many relatives do you see or hear from at least once a month?

0 = none 1 = one 2 = two 3 = three or four 4 = five thru eight 5 = nine or more

2. How many relatives do you feel at ease with that you can talk about private matters?

0 = none 1 = one 2 = two 3 = three or four 4 = five thru eight 5 = nine or more 3.

3. How many relatives do you feel close to such that you could call on them for help?

0 = none 1 = one 2 = two 3 = three or four 4 = five thru eight 5 = nine or more

 

FRIENDSHIPS:

Considering all of your friends including those who live in your neighborhood

4. How many of your friends do you see or hear from at least once a month?

0 = none 1 = one 2 = two 3 = three or four 4 = five thru eight 5 = nine or more

5. How many friends do you feel at ease with that you can talk about private matters?

0 = none 1 = one 2 = two 3 = three or four 4 = five thru eight 5 = nine or more

6. How many friends do you feel close to such that you could call on them for help?

0 = none 1 = one 2 = two 3 = three or four 4 = five thru eight 5 = nine or more

 

(Ha, et. al, 2019)

 

 

 

Quality of life measures - Dimensions of comprehensive geriatric assessment:

Physical conditions. Social conditions. Environmental conditions. Personal resources (mental

health, life perspective). Preferences for care.

 

The Medical Outcomes Study—Short-Form 36 is a tool that looks at three

of these: the physical, mental, and social domains. It’s considered a key assessment of quality of life measures (Kennedy-Malone, 2019). Scores range from 0-100. The higher the score, less disability.

Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short Form 36 Health Survey

 

This survey asks for your views about your health. This information will help keep track of how you feel and how well you are able to do your usual activities. Thank you for completing this survey! For each of the following questions, please circle the number that best describes your answer.

 

1. In general, would you say your health is:

Excellent 1

Very good 2

Good 3

Fair 4

Poor 5

2. Compared to one year ago,

Much better now than one year ago = 1

Somewhat better now than one year ago =2

About the same =3

Somewhat worse now than one year ago=4

Much worse now than one year ago =5

 

 

3. The following items are about activities you might do during a typical day. Does your health now limit you in these activities? If so, how much? (Circle One Number on Each Line)

 

Yes, Limited a Lot (1)

Yes, Limited a Little (2)

No, Not limited at All (3)

a. Vigorous activities, such as running, lifting heavy objects, participating in strenuous sports

1 2 3

b. Moderate activities, such as moving a table, pushing a vacuum cleaner, bowling, or playing golf

1 2 3

c. Lifting or carrying groceries 1 2 3 d. Climbing several flights of stairs 1 2 3 e. Climbing one flight of stairs 1 2 3 f. Bending, kneeling, or stooping 1 2 3

g. Walking more than a mile 1 2 3 h. Walking several blocks 1 2 3 i. Walking one block 1 2 3 j. Bathing or dressing yourself 1 2 3

 

4. During the past 4 weeks, have you had any of the following problems with your work or other regular daily activities as a result of your physical health? (Circle One Number on Each Line)

Yes (1)

No (2)

a. Cut down the amount of time you spent on work or other activities

Yes (1)

No (2)

b. Accomplished less than you would like

Yes (1)

No (2)

c.Were limited in the kind of work or other activities

Yes (1)

No (2)

d. Had difficulty performing the work or other activities (for example, it took extra effort) Yes (1)

No (2)

 

5. During the past 4 weeks, have you had any of the following problems with your work or other regular daily activities as a result of any emotional problems (such as feeling depressed or anxious)? (Circle One Number on Each Line)

a. Cut down the amount of time you spent on work or other activities

Yes (1)

No (2)

b. Accomplished less than you would like

Yes (1)

No (2)

c. Didn't do work or other activities as carefully as usual

Yes (1)

No (2)

 

6. During the past 4 weeks, to what extent has your physical health or emotional problems interfered with your normal social activities with family, friends, neighbors, or groups?

Not at all 1 Slightly 2 Moderately 3 Quite a bit 4 Extremely 5

 

7. How much bodily pain have you had during the past 4 weeks?

None 1 Very mild 2 Mild 3 Moderate 4 Severe 5 Very severe 6

8. During the past 4 weeks, how much did pain interfere with your normal work (including both work outside the home and housework)?

Not at all 1 A little bit 2 Moderately 3 Quite a bit 4 Extremely 5

 

These questions are about how you feel and how things have been with you during the past 4 weeks. For each question, please give the one answer that comes closest to the way you have been feeling. (Circle One Number on Each Line)

 

9. How much of the time during the past 4 weeks . . .

All of the Time =1

Most of the Time = 2

A Good Bit of the Time =3

Some of the Time =4

A Little of the Time =5

None of the Time =6

a. Did you feel full of pep? 1 2 3 4 5 6

b. Have you been a very nervous person? 1 2 3 4 5 6

c.Have you felt so down in the dumps that nothing could cheer you up? 1 2 3 4 5 6

d.Have you felt calm and peaceful? 1 2 3 4 5 6 e. Did you have a lot of energy? 1 2 3 4 5 6

f. Have you felt downhearted and blue?

1 2 3 4 5 6

g. Did you feel worn out? 1 2 3 4 5 6

h. Have you been a happy person? 1 2 3 4 5 6

i. Did you feel tired? 1 2 3 4 5 6

 

10. During the past 4 weeks, how much of the time has your physical health or emotional problems interfered with your social activities (like visiting with friends, relatives, etc.)? (Circle One Number)

All of the time 1 Most of the time 2 Some of the time 3 A little of the time 4 None of the time 5

 

11. How TRUE or FALSE is each of the following statements for you.

(Circle One Number on Each Line)

Definitely True =1

Mostly True =2

Don't Know =3

Mostly False =4

Definitely False =5

a. I seem to get sick a little easier than other people

1 2 3 4 5

b. I am as healthy as anybody I know

1 2 3 4 5

c. I expect my health to get worse

1 2 3 4 5

My health is excellent

1 2 3 4 5

(Copay, 2018)

 

 

References

Copay, A. G., Glassman, S. D., Subach, B. R., Berven, S., Schuler, T. C., & Carreon, L. Y. (2018). Minimum clinically important difference in lumbar spine surgery patients: a choice of methods using the Oswestry Disability Index, Medical Outcomes Study questionnaire Short Form 36, and pain scales. The Spine Journal, 8(6), 968-974. https://www.brandeis.edu/roybal/docs/SF-36_website_PDF.pdf

Ha, J. H., Hougham, G. W., & Meltzer, D. O. (2019). Risk of social isolation among older patients: What factors affect the availability of family, friends, and neighbors upon hospitalization?. Clinical Gerontologist, 42(1), 60-69.

Kennedy-Malone, L., Plank, L. M., & Duffy, E. G. (2019). Advanced practice nursing in the care of older adults (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.