psychology research paper

PAPER 1 LITERATURE REVIEW

Darielmys Diaz

JUNE 8, 2020 FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

PSY 3215

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Have you ever participated in any sort of charity whether it is in person through the process

of social media? Social media is something that we are all aware of specially now after the years.

Go fund me is one of those charities that are now helping indiviuals gather funds for those in need

of it. As mentioned in the journal, "Nonprofit organizations are increasingly dependent on the

involvement of Millennial constituencies. Three studies investigated their motivations to support

charity-linked events."(Schattke, Ferguson, & Paulin, 2018) These nonprofit organizations

and charities involve and cause emotional and physical concerns. This journal focuses mainly on

the self-determination theory, which allows us to understand the concepts and how individuals

react towards social media and charities.

Social media has a great mix into our livelihood. Whether we admit it or not our network

life creates a social aspect that goes into our real-life planation for their results. “We follow these

studies in manipulating the existence and level of social information available to our subjects.

However, we do so in a natural field experiment. Field experiments have recently been introduced

as a research tool in studying economics (Carpenter et al, 2005; Harrison and List, 2004). A v The

alter ego of the web is very true.” (Shang & Croson, 2009) Our life in the internet may sometimes

mix into our real life, but nonetheless some create an alter ego. This ego makes them believe the

person they imagine themselves being online is the person they truly are. Our ego is a part of our

everyday life, with the new form of society we truly might lose who we are.

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As in Study 1, a pretest confirmed that people perceived the audience as intended (e.g.,

liberal or conservative). Specifically58 student participants were presented with either the ‘liberal’

or the ‘conservative’ profiles used in the main study. Using the same items as the main study,

participants rated the political ideology of the unidentified individuals depicted in those profiles

and categorized them as ‘liberal,’ ‘conservative’ or ‘independent’. Results confirmed participants

rated the ‘conservative’ profile as that of conservatives (Mpolitical ideology=5.98, 100%

categorization as conservative) and the ‘liberal’ profile as that of liberals (Mpolitical

ideology=1.93, 100%categorization as liberal). (Kaikati, Torelli, Winterich, & Rodas, 2017) Social

media is playing a huge role in political information. It has been proven that algorithms

demonstrate that all information received on social media has everything to do with the ideology

of the individuals. It starts tracking the type of information, and videos the user likes in order to

layout a platform for them to enjoy. From there the user receives only the information they wish

to have. Thus, allowing them to create a political identity that can be easily demonstrated and

observe from either their opinions or their social media outlets.

“Recent studies have examined the influence of (in) congruence of messages and

individuals’ moral foundations on attitudes toward CB, charitable intentions and actual CB. For

example, Feinberg and Willer (2013) showed that framing messages about the environment

in terms of sanctity, rather than only care, shifted conservatives’ attitudes in a pro-

environmental direction.” (Erceg et al., 2018) Charitable intention can always be a subject of social

status, and also a subject of how to interact in the social media world. A social study almost

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demands donations to be made, and if done in social media it can promote the individuals. At the

end we become creature of our environments.

The last article reflects on how social media marketing has increased over the years,

because individuals are being targeted and buying or donating more often by the internet in

comparison to in person. As mentioned on the journal “Twitter activities and sales performances

of five companies from the Fortune 500 companies and its competitors were analyzed to identify

the correlation between the company involvement on the social media sites and its financial

outcomes.” (Barutcu & Tomas, 2013) It is personally crazy to examine the absolute influence social media

has towards our every lives and marketing.

Over all the studies that I provided and spoke about all reflect what I emphasized since the

start individuals influence each other in everything and anything but most importantly on social

media like Facebook, Instagram, and other networks.

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Reference page

Barutcu, S., & Tomas, M. (2013). Sustainable Social Media Marketing and Measuring Effectiveness of Social Media Marketing. Journal of Internet Applications and Management, 4(1), 5-24. doi:10.5505/iuyd.2013.69188

Erceg, N., Burghart, M., Cottone, A., Lorimer, J., Manku, K., Pütz, H., . . . Willems, M. (2018). The Effect of Moral Congruence of Calls to Action and Salient Social Norms on Online Charitable Donations: A Protocol Study. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01913

Kaikati, A. M., Torelli, C. J., Winterich, K. P., & Rodas, M. A. (2017). Conforming conservatives: How salient social identities can increase donations. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 27(4), 422-434. doi:10.1016/j.jcps.2017.06.001

Schattke, K., Ferguson, R., & Paulin, M. (2018). Motivations to support charity- linked events after exposure to Facebook appeals: Emotional cause identification and distinct self-determined regulations. Motivation Science, 4(4), 315-332. doi:10.1037/mot0000085

Shang, J., & Croson, R. (2009). A Field Experiment in Charitable Contribution: The Impact of Social Information on the Voluntary Provision of Public Goods. The Economic Journal, 119(540), 1422-1439. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2009.02267.x