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Analysis of Types and Importance of Sensors in Smart Home Services

Byeongkwan Kang, Seunghwan Kim, Myeong-in Choi, Keonhee Cho, Seongman Jang, Student Member, IEEE, and Sehyun Park, Member, IEEE

School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering College of ICT Engineering, Chung-Ang University

Seoul, Korea Email: byeongwkan, tkftn456, auddlscjswoe, thckwall, ac2221, and [email protected]

Abstract—In the paradigm shift of smart home to smart city, more sensors and smart objects will be deployed for user- centric service. To design the advanced smart city, understanding and analysis of duplicated sensors in current smart home services is important. In this paper, we categorize the smart home services and analyze the types of sensors that used in the smart home, and then we estimate the importance of sensors using the sensor tree. As a result, the motion sensor has high importance score and it is used in 7 smart home services.

Keywords- smart home service; sensor importance; Analysis sensor types; internet of things

I. INTRODUCTION Previously, people received services using personal

computer-based web infrastructure. However, these days, they can receive networked services using mobile devices such as smartphones anytime and anywhere. In recent years, people have bought various forms of consumer electronics such as wearable devices, Internet of Things (IoT), and drones, which were not available in the past, and this signifies the change in the paradigm from smart home service to smart city service in the near future. In this paradigm shift, users experience enjoyment and convenience with smart services. On the other hands, some disadvantages exist. Table 1 shows the advantages and disadvantages of paradigm shift from smart home to smart city.

TABLE I. ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE OF SMART HOME TO SMART CITY PARADIGM SHIFT

Advantages Disadvantage • Higher data usability • Providing various services • Increasing user convenience • Creating new buisiness model

• Increasing unnecessary Data • Energy wastage • Waste of network resource • Infringement of personal data

As home automation became more intelligent, smart

homes were introduced. Initially, products that used information and communication technology (ICT) were installed in homes. Currently, products with the connectivity capability have taken their place and various services are provided in a single area which means the smart home. For example, people monitor their energy usage and can remotely turn a device power on and off from the living room using a smart plug. In addition, they can remotely

control the illumination intensity or colors of the living room lights for the most suitable atmosphere. They can check biometric information such as their heart rate and blood pressure in real-time using wearable devices. They use all of these smart home services using mobile devices. In the future smart city, more sensors and smart objects will be deployed for high quality user-centric service. Future intelligent services evolve to make our life more convenient, while various duplicated sensors and information create new issues such as waste of energy and network resource. In this paper, we analyze the type of sensors and estimate the sensor’s importance from the point of view of smart home service. Understanding duplicated sensors for user-centric service in a smart home is important to design the future smart city services.

II. SENSORS IN SMART HOME SERVICES In the past decade, various studies and development

products were conducted to advance smart home services. Services and methods proposed by Dae-Man et al [1] and Jinsung et al [2] can be classified as the energy management services. In these studies, the proposed system uses sensors to measure light, humidity, temperature, and movement. An intelligent self-adjusting sensor system presented in [3] can also be categorized as an environmental monitoring service, and it uses the carbon monoxide sensor in addition to the above sensors. In the healthcare service category [4], image and video sensors are used for fall detection, and other sensors are used to measure the body vital signs such as blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and saturation of peripheral oxygen. Intelligent home control system [5] and advanced universal remote controller [6] can be classified as the home automation services, and effectively use gas sensors, magnetic sensors, movement sensors, and video cameras. In the field of home security service [7], cameras and infrared sensors are used to detect intrusion. In the field of location recognition [8] and smart LED lighting [9] in home environment, motion sensor is used to measure the movement information. The smart lighting system also utilizes the cadmium sulfide (CdS) sensor to measure brightness. Finally, smart plug [10] and smart switch [11] use motion, CdS, and touch sensors. Table 2 shows the categorized smart home services and list of sensors.

2016 IEEE 18th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications; IEEE 14th International

Conference on Smart City; IEEE 2nd International Conference on Data Science and Systems

978-1-5090-4297-5/16 $31.00 © 2016 IEEE

DOI 10.1109/HPCC-SmartCity-DSS.2016.71

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TABLE II. CATEGORIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF SMART HOME SERVICES AND SENSORS

Service Category Research and Development Topics Sensors • Energy Management [1] • Environmental Monitoring [3] • Healthcare [4] • Home Automation [6] • Home Security [7] • Location Recognition [8] • Smart LED Lighting [9] • Smart Plug and Outlet [10] • Smart Switch [11]

Smart Home Energy Management System ZigBee-based Intelligent Self-Adjusting Sensor

Fall Detection Technology Advanced Universal Remote Controller

Surveillance Robot Resident Location-Recognition Algorithm

Intelligent Household LED Lighting System Intelligent Power Gateway and Management Device

LED Smart Switch

Light, Humidity, Temperature, PIR Temperature, Humidity, Light, Motion, Carbon Monoxide

Image, Video Gas, PIR, Magnetic, Camera

IR, Camera PIR

CDS, Motion Motion, CDS

Motion, CDS, Touch

III. SENSOR TREE AND IMPORTANCE ESTIMATION The sensor tree, Fig 1, shows the relationship between

the services and sensors reviewed in the Section II. The branches of the sensor tree connect the title of services and sensors. In Fig. 1, a sensor with more than two branches has a high relative importance rank. Here, the motion sensor has seven branches; therefore, seven smart home services use the motion sensor to collect information. The temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and light sensor have three or four branches for smart home services. The sensor importance equation is as follows, and Table III shows the calculated sensor importance in the sensor tree.

Sensor Importance = (Number of Connected Branches / Total Number of Branches) ×100

Figure 1. Sensor tree based on smart home servcies

TABLE III. ESTIMATION RESULTS OF SENSOR IMPRTANCE

Sensors Data Type Branch Point • Motion • Light • Video • Temperature • Humidity • Gas

Discrete Continuous

Discrete Continuous Continuous Continuous

7 3 3 2 2 2

23.3 10.0 10.0 6.7 6.7 6.7

IV. CONCLUSION In this paper, we categorize the smart home services and

analyze the types of sensors that used in the smart home, and then we estimate the importance of sensors using the sensor tree. In the paradigm shift of smart home to smart city, more sensors and smart objects will be deployed for user-centric service. Understanding and analysis of duplicated sensors in

current smart home services is important to develop the future user-centric services in smart city.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT This research was supported by the MSIP(Ministry of

Science, ICT and Future Planning), Korea, under the ITRC(Information Technology Research Center) support program(IITP-2016-H8501-16-1018)) supervised by the IITP(Institute for Information & communications Technology Promotion), and by the Human Resources Development(No.20154030200860) of the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP) grant funded by the Korea Ministry of Trade Industry and Energy.

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