question help
NEW 7471
30_Dana_Weisbrot_PPweek.pptxPeplau Theory of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing
Dana Weisbrot
Chamberlain University
N501-Theoretical Basis for Advanced Nursing Practice
December, 2018
1
Introduction
Peplau’s theory is defined as an interpersonal therapeutic process when healthcare practitioners engage with people who need health services.
Nurse-patient relationship should go through counselling, work and then termination phases
Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations as an interpersonal therapeutic process that occurs when professionals, specifically educated to be nurses, engage in therapeutic relationships with people who need health services. Peplau theorized that nurse-patient relationships must go through three phases to succeed, such as counselling, work, and cessation.
2
Explanation of Peplau’s Theory
There are three main phases of Peplau’s theory
Orientation phase
Working phase
Termination phase
The initial phase of Peplau’s theory is orientation. During this time the patient has health-seeking behaviors. The nurse is identified as someone who is qualified to help the patient. This period sets the stage for a more trusting relationship. In the orientation phase the nurse collects data makes initial assessments of the patient’s needs, potential, interests, and the patient’s inclination to experience fear or anxiety (Brunero, Jeon & Foster, 2015). ). A nurse should establish boundaries and maintain these during all phases of the process. Phase two of Peplau’s theory is the working phase, which is appropriately named because most of the work of the relationship occurs here. This phase has two sub phases; identification and exploitation. As the patient makes progress toward positive health outcomes, the focus is on the patient’s reactions and the work that the patient needs to accomplish. During the identification stage, the nurse may assume various roles. For example, the nurse may be the care provider, the surrogate parent, the educator or the counselor. It is here where the nurse uses professional knowledge, education, and skill to solve a particular health problem. This is an important period where the patient identifies the nurse as consistently helping, providing unconditional care, and providing empathy. Initially, in the nurse-patient relationship, the nurse may act as a surrogate parent if the patient is in a developmental stage of infancy or adolescence. During the working phase power shifts away from the nurse to the patient as the patient becomes more independent with personal care. During this time, the nurse starts activating the discharge plan and acts primarily as an educator and leader. The final phase of the theory is the termination phase. This phase allows the nurse and patient to disengage from the nurse-patient relationship altogether. During this time, the nurse summarizes the discharge plan and helps the patient organize actions to progress toward new socially interdependent relationships. According to Peplau, the termination of the nurse-patient relationship enhances the patient’s ability to become more self-reliant in leading a productive healthier life.
3
Relevance Of Peplau’s Theory In Family Nurse Practitioner
Family nurse practitioner provide arrange of services for patients at their homes
They need good relationships with the patients and their family members for them to be able to work harmoniously
Family nurse practitioners (FNP) provide ongoing and complete assistance through disease management, health promotion, health education, and health prevention services. They are qualified to manage chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes on top of monitoring the health and well-being of women, including providing preconceptions and prenatal care for infants and children. They can treat minor wounds and help the elderly. FNPs often coordinate the conditions of their patients with long-term illness or disease. Because they work in collaboration with others, they need to develop their mutual relationships using Peplau's theory.
4
Ethical Issues When Applying Peplau’s Theory
Peplau’s theory fails to refer to ethical concepts in nursing
Peplau believes interpersonal relationships are more crucial to a patient than ethics
Austin Peay School of Nursing is convinced that professional nursing education involves understanding and respecting patient ethics, on the other hand, Peplau does not refer to patient ethics. Peplau believes that interpersonal relationships are the most important factor for the patient's health and not the ethics of each client.
5
Impact Of Peplau’s Theory In Nursing
There is a positive role of therapeutic communication in reducing patient anxiety and depression
Therapeutic communication is recommended as a simple, economical and effective method in this area.
There is a positive role of therapeutic communication in decreasing patient anxiety and depression. Therefore, therapeutic communication is recommended as a simple, economical and effective method in this area. Communication meetings with patients after review of anxiety and depression. Consequently, therapeutic communication will be improved (Masters, 2014).
6
Application Of Peplau's Theory In Evidence Based PRACTICE
Nurses often look for an experimental study comparing the effectiveness of treatment with an untreated control group.
Peplau’s theory helps in;
Formulation of clinical questions
Identifications of relevant research through the interaction with the patient
A nurse implements an actual practice to prescribe treatment to a patient, based on scientific research. Nurses often look for an experimental study comparing the effectiveness of treatment with an untreated control group. The basic principles of evidence-based practice include: formulation of a clinical question, identification of relevant research, critical evaluation of the quality of that research, application of research and re-evaluation of the application of research. All this can be achieved using Peplau's theory through interaction with the patients that helps the nurse learn more about the client (Deane & Fain, 2016).
7
Conclusion
Peplau’s theory is still influencing the field of nursing today
This theory emphasizes the close relationship that a nurse and a patient must establish for effective nursing care
Hildegard Peplau has produced many results in her life, and her theory of interpersonal relationships is still influencing the field of nursing today. This theory emphasizes the close relationship that a nurse and a patient must establish for effective nursing care. This theory is also linked at many levels to the concepts of the Austin Peay School of Nursing that influence the education of the many students they attend. Learning this theory can only positively influence the way nursing students will enter their clinical experience. With this theory in hand, nursing students and registered nurses may have the opportunity to provide the care and communication needed to create the best nurse-patient relationship.
8
References
Brunero, S. J., Jeon, Y. H., & Foster, K. (2015). The journey of positioning self as both mental health nurse and qualitative researcher: A critical reflection. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 22(7), 543-548.
Deane, W. H., & Fain, J. A. (2016). Incorporating Peplau’s theory of interpersonal relations to promote holistic communication between older adults and nursing students. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 34(1), 35-41.
Masters, K. (2014). Nursing theories: A framework for professional practice. Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
