choose a science of cooking experiment and follow guidelines for experiment.will provide guidlines and all textbook resources needed. the assignment is the unit 4 lab word document if you scroll all the way down.there are examples of experiments to do
BCBT 100: Science of Cooking
Individual Experimental Lab
Overview of project:
You will need to design one experiment to explore a question you have related to the course material for the eggs, dairy, and grain unit. Several ideas to get you started are listed at the end of this document, or you can try something completely different. You will need to design and carry out the experiment based on the scientific method (see: https://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/science-fair/steps-of-the-scientific-method ) following good techniques for a food-based science experiment (see the posted ‘Keys to Good Kitchen Science’ reading).
All experiments must be designed scientifically and be hypothesis driven. If you choose to do a tasting based experiment, you will need to ask a specific question about the types of foods you are testing. For example, you may hypothesize that an aged cheddar cheese will be more crumbly, harder, denser, and have a more pungent flavor than cheddar cheese curds that have not been aged. You would then need to design an experiment to test this (see the posted ‘Keys to Good Kitchen Science’ reading).
If you choose a more activity based experiment, you will likely choose a hypothesis regarding the outcome of the food you are making or activity you are doing. For example, you may hypothesize that the volume of your meringue will triple compared to the original volume of the eggs, or that the homemade yogurt will be identical in taste and texture to the initial yogurt carton used.
There are many things you can measure to gain evidence that either supports or disproves your hypothesis. You can make a ranking sheet of particular tastes/textures/characteristics and do a blind taste test with friends. You can measure a variety of physical properties using your scale, thermometer, or other household gadgets (ruler, measuring cups, cell phone timer, etc) to monitor things like mass, density, time, and temperature. You could even measure water content by weighing something before and after a drying (or wetting) process, such as baking or cooking noodles, to see how much mass was lost as it dried out or gained as it absorbed water.
Instructions for Discussion Board Lab Report Post:
1. Introduction and hypothesis with rationale (5pts):
Write a few sentences introducing the basics of your experiment with a focus on why you are doing it, what you expect to see as you carry out the experiment, and your rationale for why you think you will obtain those results. In particular, you will need to let us know what question you are hoping to answer in doing your experiment. Your best guess of the answer to this question is known as the hypothesis of your experiment. A hypothesis is a statement of what you think will happen in an experiment. It should be specific, testable, and backed up by what you have learned. This is your educated guess of what you think the experiment or activity will produce or show. For example, your hypothesis might state what the difference will be between two types of cheese based on your readings, or how you expect your homemade yogurt to taste/feel/look like. Remember that this is scientific, so should be focused on measurable things that you can test in the experiment. Things like “I think sweet cream butter will taste better than margarine” is an opinion, and not repeatable or scientific so will receive minimal points. Something like “I think sweat cream butter will be more solid and less spreadable than margarine” or “I think sweet cream butter will melt faster than margarine” are more scientific and testable.
1. Experimental design and methods (8pts):
Design your experiment and write a paragraph or two detailing specifically what you tested or carried out and why you chose specific measurements to test your hypothesis . Remember that your experimental design should be repeatable. You will need to explain what you did to try to control the variables so that if you notice differences or changes you can determine what caused them. This should include specifics on the choices you made for tastings, details on exactly what you were evaluating/measuring, the procedure you used for collecting the data, or the specifics on the procedure for the activity you carried out (what did you do and why). You should make sure someone else could replicate your experiment exactly by including things like brand names, amounts, rating scales, and types of equipment or tools used.
1. Results (10pts):
Present your findings. Show us what you observed/measured/etc in order to test your hypothesis or answer your experimental question. All of the data you collected for your experiment should be presented here. Data tables are a very useful way to organize your data and observations. A table of rankings or measurements or observations over time is expected. Organizing your results into a graph may be useful. You may need to do some calculations to determine the average (and error) of your measurements. Images are always helpful and useful in supporting your observations.
You will need to include at least one picture of your set-up and/or results. Make sure one included picture of your set up or results has your name card in it! If you do not include any pictures you will automatically lose half the credit for the assignment.
1. Analysis and Discussion (8 pts):
Summarize your results and tell us what you think they mean. What conclusions can we draw from your experiment? Discuss in a paragraph or two how what you saw relates to what you have learned in class and explain the science behind what you observed in your results. Did your results support your hypothesis? Suggest a scientific reason why your results may or may not have supported your initial predictions. Explain why there were differences between your samples or what scientific principles were responsible for the observations you made as you completed the activity. Discuss what you could do in the future to add to your results and gain additional information.
1. Comment on two other student’s posts (4pts):
You will need to comment on at least two posts of other students for this unit. Your comments should have substance and show your understanding of the course material to receive full points. Please keep all comments respectful and constructive. Disrespectful or degrading comments will be removed and will receive no points. Please be part of the discussion by responding to posts on your own experiment.
Examples of substantive contributions may include (but are not limited to):
· You could compare the poster’s experiment to your own results and suggest reasons for similarities/differences.
· You could suggest further experiments or tests that could be done and discuss what additional insights they might provide.
· You could add thoughtful commentary or additional insights to the poster’s analysis.
Rubric:
**Reminder: If you do not include a picture of your set up with a name card in the frame you will automatically lose half the credit for the assignment.**
Introduction and hypothesis (5pts)
|
Score |
Criteria |
|
4-5 |
Goal or purpose of the experiment is clear and articulate. Hypothesis is scientific and testable. Scientific rationale is appropriate and thoughtful. |
|
2-3 |
Goal or purpose of the experiment is reasonably stated. Hypothesis is scientific and testable. Rationale may be vague or not supported by course materials. |
|
0-1 |
Experimental goal and/or hypothesis are vague or not scientific in nature. |
Experimental design and methods (8 pts)
|
Score |
Criteria |
|
7-8
|
Experiment is well designed and a great deal of effort was taken to minimize variables. Appropriate methods for answering hypothesis or question were used and the rationale for why those measurements were chosen is clear. Experiment is documented well enough that another student in the class could repeat it given the information provided. Details on methods for measurement/ranking/etc are clear |
|
4-6
|
Experiment is reasonably designed and some effort was made to minimize variables. Method choices are acceptable and related to hypothesis/experimental question, some limited rational is provided It is clear from the given information what was tested and how, though enough data to faithfully replicate may not be provided. |
|
0-3 |
Experiment includes too many variables to produce interpretable results. Experiment is poorly designed and does not appropriately assess hypothesis Method is unclear and could not be replicated from the information provided |
Results (10 pts)
|
Score |
Criteria |
|
8-10 |
Results are detailed and well documented. Sufficient observations, pictures, and/or data points are included to appropriately interpret results. Data is displayed in a clear and concise manner, such as a data table. Data is displayed and presented in a way that makes trends clear. Data takes variability/error of results into account if appropriate. |
|
5-7
|
Results are sufficient to be able to interpret, but may be lacking in quantity or quality. Data is included and displayed in a reasonable manner. Data may not be displayed in a way that makes trends and error/variability clear. |
|
0-4 |
Results are limited, incomplete and/or are not of sufficient quantity or quality to be able to obtain information. |
Analysis and Discussion (8 pts)
|
Score |
Criteria |
|
7-8 |
Thorough, well-researched and articulate science-based explanations are suggested for the results of the experiment. Discussion shows evidence of mastery of course content. Thoughtful future directions extending from the current experiment are proposed.
|
|
4-6
|
Scientifically reasonable explanations are suggested for some of the results. Discussion shows evidence of some understanding of course content. Some aspects of the discussion may be superficial or do not address scientific principles related to the experiment.
|
|
0-3 |
Discussion is superficial or shows limited use or understanding of course content to interpret results.
|
Comment on two other student’s posts (4pts)
|
Score (per post) |
Criteria |
|
2 |
Post is substantive and contributes to continuation of a scientific dialog
|
|
1 |
Post is thoughtful but may be somewhat superficial or does not show evidence of engagement with the scientific principles of the experiment. |
|
0 |
Post does not contribute to discussion in any substantive way (i.e. “I like what you did” or “cool”) or no post was submitted.
|
Example Experimental Ideas:
1. Slowly heat and melt different types of cheeses
· Review pages 64-66 for hypothesis ideas
2. Compare the physical properties and taste of different types of cheeses
· Review pages 55-62 for hypothesis ideas
3. Make your own simple, acid-curdled cheese.
· See the following articles for recipe and tips on making a simple, 4 ingredient cheese
· http://www.epicurious.com/recipes/food/views/homemade-herbed-paneer-cheese-56389385
· http://www.epicurious.com/recipes-menus/how-to-make-super-easy-fresh-cheese-article
· Review pages 59-62 for hypothesis ideas
4. Make your own batch of yogurt using milk and a little bit of store bought container of yogurt.
· See the procedure at http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-make-yogurt-at-home-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-125070 for more details
· See pages 45-49 for hypothesis ideas
5. Compare the properties of three different styles of making ice cream (i.e. Standard/New York, French, Reduced fat, Custard)
· Try to maintain the same flavor (i.e. vanilla) and brand if possible to minimize your variables
· See pages 39-44 for hypothesis ideas
6. Compare the properties of three brands of the same style and flavor of ice cream
· See an example of this type of experiment: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/05/22/best-vanilla-ice-cream-supermarket_n_7372888.html
· Please note that you should be comparing the properties of the ice cream for this unit, not the chocolate/candy/etc that may be mixed in
· See pages 39-44 for hypothesis ideas
7. Compare the properties of 3 types milk that have been treated to help with storage (pasteurized , ultra- pasteurized, dried, evaporated, etc).
· See pages 22-26 for hypothesis ideas
8. Taste and compare 3 different types of margarines and butters.
· See pages 33-39 for hypothesis ideas
9. Make your own butter by whipping one or two cups of cream using a hand mixer, blender, food processer, stand mixer or even a lidded jar and your arm strength.
· See one possible procedure at http://thepioneerwoman.com/food-and-friends/how-to-make-butter/
· See pages 30-39 for hypothesis ideas
10. Make and compare eggs cooked in-shell for 3 different lengths of time (i.e. “oeuf a la coque’, soft-boiled eggs, hard-cooked eggs, long-cooked eggs )
· See pages 84-89 for hypothesis ideas
11. Make and taste 3 preparations of eggs cooked for different amounts of time (i.e. removed from pan when slightly underdone, removed when just cooked, removed when fully cooked
· See pages 84-87, 91 for hypothesis ideas
12. Try making meringue cookies. You will want an electric beater though unless you have massive arm muscles.
· Recipe: http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-make-french-meringue-224412
· See pages 106-109 for hypothesis ideas
13. Try the egg-in-a-box activity from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/shape-shifting-science-molding-hard-boiled-eggs/.
· Think about the texture of the egg and the specific types of bonds that are responsible for the process you observe.
· See pages 84-89 for hypothesis ideas
14. Taste and compare the properties of grains, nuts, and legumes.
· See pages 461-463, 483-485, and 501-502 for hypothesis ideas
15. Taste and compare several types of grains or nuts or legumes
· See pages 461-463, 483-485, or 501-502 for hypothesis ideas
16. Taste and compare at different types of nut milks (almond, cashew, coconut, etc)
· See pages 504-505 for hypothesis ideas
17. Cook, taste and compare three varieties of rice (i.e. long-grain, medium-grain, short-grain, sticky, brown, wild, etc)
· See pages 472-475 for hypothesis ideas
18. Make your own nut butter
· You will need a food processer or blender
· See here for an example recipe: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/10/01/peanut-butter-almond-butter-recipes_n_5906836.html
· See page 504 for hypothesis ideas