Argumentative

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Creativity, Innovation & Design

Creativity at the Individual and Team Levels

=> Types of thinking

Prepared by Dr Gerrit de Waal

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A need or an opportunity defined

Trigger point

divergent thinking convergent thinking

Idea generation

Creative thinking

Open mode

Two modes of thinking

Idea evaluation

Critical thinking

Closed mode

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Critical thinking • The ability to discern the best possible choice based on

the information available • In essence it allows a situation, concept or object to be

perceived, judged and evaluated in order to discover the best possible outcome

• Critical thinking is about making sense of the world; assimilating the overload of information; moving forward in the most sensible way

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The difference between creative thinking and critical thinking

• Creative thinking involves creating something new or original. It involves the skills of flexibility, originality, fluency, elaboration, brainstorming, modification, imagery, associative thinking, attribute listing, metaphorical thinking, and forced relationships. The aim of creative thinking is to stimulate curiosity and promote divergence.

• Critical thinking involves logical thinking and reasoning, including skills such as comparison, classification, sequencing, cause/effect, patterning, webbing, analogies, deductive and inductive reasoning, forecasting, planning, hypothesizing, and critiquing.

https://courseware.e-education.psu.edu/courses/bootcamp/lo09/06.html

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Linear / vertical thinking

• A process of thought following known cycles or step-by- step progression where a response to a step must be elicited before another step is taken.

• Great for processes.

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Lateral Thinking The term “lateral thinking” originated in 1970 – from Edward de Bono – to overcome the limitations of “traditional” vertical thinking, which is called this due to its “one step at a time in logical sequence” focus. Hence it is “continuous” whereas lateral thinking deliberately seeks a “discontinuity”

Thinking outside of our usual frame of reference

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Lateral Thinking Examples

Exit

Start

A B

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Open Water 2: Adrift What would you do?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SItuuvHmZdk&feature=emb_logo

Lateral think as if your life depends on it!

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Programmed Thinking Programmed thinking the process of using structured methodologies and/or logical algorithmic processes to solve problems, make decisions and/or create new product offerings. Examples of this approach are Morphological Analysis, the La Salle Innovation Matrix and Root-cause analysis.