Kangaroo Island Energy Management Information System's Technical Architecture for Information input, processing and output
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19-2Wk4b.pptxMGMT 7020
Technology and Project Management
4. Systems II
Team Meeting
Technology Module Topic 4:
State, and Causal modelling
Systems Integration Example: AusVit Architecture
Where we are up to...
1. Technology, IT, IT Architecture
2. Concepts, Conceptual modelling of Data
3. Modelling of Process and sub-systems
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Technical IT
Architecture
processing
units
input & output devices
storage
Conceptual
Architecture
The world
data
Content
data model
(meta-data)
Systems
Overview
Rich Picture
user
task software (code)
task &
process
design
process software
MIS
TPS
EIS
KMS
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
https://www.slideshare.net/eletsonline/elets-smart-city-2015-r-chandrashekhar-president-nasscom
Systems Architecture
Physical World
Internet
of Things
BI
MIS
TPS
EIS
IMS
KMS
Simulation
DSS
Types of
information
system
Cloud
Sample Technology-based Information Systems Architecture: Recycling in the ACT
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
MGMT 7020
Technology and Project Management
4. Systems II
Team Meeting
Technology Module Topic 4:
State, and Causal modelling
Systems Integration Example: AusVit Architecture
Where we are up to...
1. Technology, IT, IT Architecture
2. Concepts, Conceptual modelling of Data
3. Modelling of Process and sub-systems
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
https://bpm-book.com/BpmBook/Exercise4-23
Causal Modelling: State Transition Model
States
Legal Transitions
A system will respond to an event differently, depending on the state of the system. The state of a system is detected by the value of one or more systems attributes (called a 'state' variable). A State diagram shows the legal behaviour of a system
Consider traffic lights at a pedestrian crossing.
Normally the light is green for cars .. then a pedestrian presses a button ...
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
https://bpm-book.com/BpmBook/Exercise4-23
Causal Modelling: State Transition Model
States
A system will respond to an event differently, depending on the state of the classes in the system. The state of a system is detected by the value of one or more emergent attributes (often a 'state' variable). A State diagram shows the legal behaviour of a system
Pedestrian
Presses
Button
Consider traffic lights at a pedestrian crossing.
Normally the light is green for cars .. then a pedestrian presses a button ...
Event
http://www.informatik.uni-hamburg.de/TGI/PetriNets/introductions/aalst/
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
| Turn to Yellow set time1 = 8 sec set state = 2 | do nothing | do nothing |
| do nothing | Turn to Red set time2 = 30 sec set state = 3 | do nothing |
| do nothing | do nothing | Turn to Green set state = 1 |
Button
Pressed
Timer 1
Dings
Timer 2
Green 1
Yellow 2
States
Events
Red 3
Traffic Lights - State Transition Table
Perform this task
and set Next state
If in this state
And this happens
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Causal Modelling: ‘Fishbone Diagram’
State
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Causal modelling
But What about the Time dimension?
And Feedback!
Cause – Effect Modelling
Causal Loop Modelling
https://thesystemsthinker.com/the-thinking-in-systems-thinking-how-can-we-make-it-easier-to-master/
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Causal Loop Diagrams (CLD)
Feedback: an initial cause ripples through a chain of causation ultimately to re-affect itself
http://www.biologymad.com/master.html?http://www.biologymad.com/ecology/ecology.htm
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Negative feedback ... O ... opposite direction: as A goes up B goes down
Positive feedback ... S ... same direction: as A goes up B goes up
O
O
S
S
O
Causal Modelling: Dynamic cause & effect
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Vicious cycle
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Vicious & Virtuous Cycle
External
Intervention
(circuit
breaker)
http://howtosavetheworld.ca/2016/07/06/the-problem-with-systems/
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Virtuous Cycle
http://howtosavetheworld.ca/2016/07/06/the-problem-with-systems/
External
Intervention
(circuit
breaker)
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
In groups, draw a causal loop diagram relating these states about student work:
Anxiety, work quality, work engagement
EXERCISE: Causal Loop Diagrams (CLD)
Negative feedback ... O ... Opposite direction: as A goes up B goes down
Positive feedback ... S ... Same direction: as A goes up B goes up
Reminder:
Now, if there is a vicious cycle happening, think of an intervention to break it
O
S
O
S
O
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
15
KPIs
Real Inputs
Real Outputs
Organisational Systems
Systems
Changes
State Indicators
Vicious Circle or Virtuous Circle ?
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Limits to Growth – Club of Rome
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Limits to Growth
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Restaurant startup Simulation :
https://app.sysdea.com/shared/J1K6EmMvL1c257OFaWbUjulYxdi
Causal Loop Diagrams (CLD)as basis Simulation
Models generally are easy to use and less expensive than dealing with the actual situation.
Models require users to organize and sometimes quantify information and, in the process,
often indicate areas where additional information is needed.
Models provide a systematic approach to problem solving.
Models increase understanding of the problem.
Models enable managers to analyze "what if" questions.
Models require users to be very specific about objectives.
Models serve as a consistent tool for evaluation.
Models enable users to bring the power of mathematics to bear on a problem.
Models provide a standardized format for analyzing a problem.
https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Mar-No/Models-and-Modeling.html
Climate model:
https://www.climateinteractive.org/programs/
Supply Chain:
http://www.mbacrystalball.com/app/scm/scmgraph.php
In his book, Operations Management, William J. Stevenson lists nine benefits of models:
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
3 Worlds : Systems Specifications
World 2
World 1
Data Models: Entity-Relationship
Process Models: Task model - informal, algorithm Activity Diagram Diagram
Systems Behaviour Models: State-Transition Causal Loop Diagram
Particularly Useful for Assignment 2
Systems Concepts – Rich Picture
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
MGMT 7020
Technology and Project Management
4. Systems II
Team Meeting
Technology Module Topic 4:
State, and Causal modelling
Systems Integration Example: AusVit Architecture
Where we are up to...
1. Technology, IT, IT Architecture
2. Concepts, Conceptual modelling of Data
3. Modelling of Process and sub-systems
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
To achieve the transfer of
scientific knowledge and
industry best practice
to the Viticulture industry
in a way that meets the management needs of the grower to improve efficiency, yield and quality
while
reducing environmental impact and the risk of crop loss.
(See an article in the Resources folder for this week)
Systems Integration – the AusVit example
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
2
2
Applied
Research
user
Education
Extension
scientific
publication
courses,
graduates
fact sheets,
seminars
Knowledge Transfer
year 2 year 3 year 5
time
50% 10% 2% ?
quantity
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
2
2
Applied
Research
user
Education
Extension
scientific
publication
courses,
graduates
fact sheets,
seminars
Knowledge Transfer
AUSVIT
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
2
2
Wineries
Grower
Groups
Extension
Officers
Chemical
Companies
The Science
The Industry
AusVit: Grower, Science & Industry
AusVit
CRCV program 3
CRCV program 4
Published Literature
The Grower
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
6
6
System Architecture
weather monitor
field observations:
(eg. pestcounts)
field actions:
(eg. sprays)
water monitor
databases:
vineyard profile
Weather, actions
chemicals
vineyard profile:
variety, aspect, soil,
grape use
User
expert rule bases:
pest management
cultivar susceptibility
Irrigation …
simulations:
pest & disease models
Transaction processing:
Sprays, irrigations…
AusVit
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
7
7
Sample Interface
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
10
10
Sample Interface
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
11
11
Ontology (domain concepts, language)
Spatial knowledge
Business knowledge
Social knowledge
“How-to” Knowledge
“Know-that” knowledge
Cause – effect knowledge (Natural Biological Processes )
Reasoning
Explanation
Communication
Continuous Variables and Fuzzy Logic
Scientific Knowledge
Kinds of Knowledge:
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Scientists model biological processes.
How do we get then into AusVit?
Operational Simulation
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Information Management:
Dispersed
Dated
Under-utilised
Expanding rapidly
Variable in quality
Inconsistent
Incomplete
Slow to be applied
Uni-directional
Knowledge Management:
Up to date
Flexible knowledge application
Explanation
Research support
Education
Effective knowledge-base maintenance
Deploying Scientific Knowledge
TO
By the use of Conceptual graphs
to build the Knowledge base !
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
AusVit
The Literature
The Users
The KMS
Knowledge
Bases
Meta
Knowledge
Base
Research
Management
Research
Support
Education
Interface
Scientific Papers
A Knowledge Management System
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
20
21
MGMT 7020
Technology and Project Management
4. Systems II
Team Meeting
Technology Module Topic 4:
State, and Causal modelling
Systems Integration Example: AusVit Architecture
Where we are up to...
1. Technology, IT, IT Architecture
2. Concepts, Conceptual modelling of Data
3. Modelling of Process and sub-systems
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
Team Meeting
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
| add item 2 | Error 1 | |||
| add item 2 | Present Total 3 | Message 1 | ||
| Error 3 | Message 1 |
Enter
item
End
sale
Pay by
cash
Idle 1
Entering
item 2
States
Events
Awaiting
payment 3
Pay by
card
Supermarket Checkout Machine - State Transition Table
In-Class EXERCISE … complete the table
Perform this task
and set Next state
If in this state
And this happens
cancel
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
| add item 2 | Error 1 | Error 1 | Error 1 | ignore 1 |
| add item 2 | Present Total 3 | Error 2 | Error 2 | Message 1 |
| Error 3 | Error 3 | Calc change receipt 1 | Ask for pin OK - 1 Reject - 3 | Message 1 |
Enter
item
End
sale
Pay by
cash
Idle 1
Entering
item 2
States
Events
Awaiting
payment 3
Pay by
card
cancel
Solution?
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
| Calc change receipt 1 | Message 1 | Ask for pin OK - 1 Reject - 3 | Error 3 | Error 3 |
| Error 2 | Message 1 | Error 2 | Present Total 3 | add item 2 |
| Error 1 | ignore 1 | Error 1 | Error 1 | add item 2 |
Enter
item
End
sale
Pay by
cash
Idle 1
Entering
item 2
States
Events
Awaiting
payment 3
Pay by
card
cancel
Supermarket Checkout Machine - State Transition Table
There is no step-by-step process in state-transition.
There are only legal moves from one state to another depending on what event happens.
Above is the same table but the columns and rows have been randomly shuffled.
Does it still describe the behaviour of the cash register?
MGMT 7020 Technology and Project Management - Masters
programer
Grower
Scientist
AusVit
disease model
Grower
Scientist
Dymex: simulator
AusVit
Dymex: builder
