history
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180OL.18-15.ppt
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1. American Portraits: Jacob Riis
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Jacob Riis, Bandits’ Roost, Mulberry Street, 1887-88.
Photograph. Museum of the City of New York.
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Jacob Riis, In the Home of an Italian Ragpicker, Jersey Street, 1888.
Photograph. Museum of the City of New York
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Duccio de Buoninsegna, Maestà Altarpiece, front, 1311.
Duomo de Siena, Italy.
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Jacob Riis, Street Arabs in Sleeping Quarters (Children Sleeping, Mulberry Street, 1880s.
Photograph. Museum of the City of New York.
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HIST 180 Survey of American History
Benjamin Cawthra, Ph.D.
California State University, Fullerton
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The Turbulent 1890s
Timeline: The Turbulent 1890s
The Class Critique of Capital
The Populist Movement
Social Thinkers: Middle Class Visions
Redrawing Boundaries: The 1890s and the Middle Class
Reform Conforms at Century’s End
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1. Timeline: The Turbulent 1890s
Photojournalist Jacob Riis publishes How the Other Half Lives; reveals depths of urban poverty.
Sherman Antitrust Act passes; attempt to regulate monopolies.
Wounded Knee Massacre; US troops kill more than 150 unarmed Lakota Sioux.
Populists organize; nominate James B. Weaver for president.
Democrat Grover Cleveland wins presidency for second time.
Homestead Strike in Carnegie steel mills in Pennsylvania.
Conference for Good City Government.
McClure’s magazine begins publication.
Financial panic leads to four-year depression in U.S. economy.
Pullman Strike broken by federal troops; Eugene V. Debs jailed.
“Coxey’s Army” of unemployed marches on Washington.
Plessy v. Ferguson: Supreme Court establishes “separate but equal” doctrine.
Republican William McKinley elected president, defeating William Jennings Bryan.
1897 U.S. Battleship Maine explodes in Havana harbor.
War with Spain; U.S. acquires Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam; annexes Hawaii.
National Consumers’ League founded.
John Dewey publishes School and Society, progressive education tract.
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Jacob Riis, Lodgers in a Tenement—Five Cents a Spot, 1888-89.
Photograph. Museum of the City of New York.
2. The Class Critique of Capital
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Labor Goals
8 hour work day
Safer working conditions
Living wage
Public employment during hard times
Democratic Socialism
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Karl Marx, 1875
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Seal of the Knights of Labor
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Eugene V. Debs.
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3. The Populist Movement
Independent Populist Party delegates in Nebraska, 1890.
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Omaha Platform, 1890
1. Governmental ownership of railroads
2. national currency to end bankers’ control of finance
3. graduated income tax
4. low-cost public financing to help farmers market crops
Pass for Peoples’ Party National Convention, 1892.
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4. Social Thinkers: Middle Class Visions
Henry George, Edward Bellamy, Walter Rauschenbusch
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5. Redrawing Boundaries:
The 1890s and the Middle Class
Thomas Eakins, Max Schmidt in a Single Scull, 1871.
Oil on canvas.
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William Merritt Chase, In the Studio, 1880.
Oil on canvas.
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Seventh Regiment Armory, Park Avenue, New York, 1880
Postcard.
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Veterans Room, Seventh Regiment Armory, Park Avenue, New York, 1880
Photograph, Library of Congress.
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Richard Morris Hunt, façade of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Architectural drawing.
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“Freedom is to us a mockery . . . and liberty a lie.”
W.E.B. Du Bois, The Souls of Black Folk, 1903.
J.E. Purdy, W.E.B. Du Bois, 1904.
Photograph.
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Winslow Homer, The Gulf Stream, 1899.
Oil on canvas. Metropolitan Museum of Art.
J.E. Purdy, W.E.B. Du Bois, 1904. Photograph.
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“Each class or section of the nation is becoming conscious of an opposition between its standards and the activities and tendencies of some less developed class. The South has its Negro, the city has its slums. The friends of American institutions fear the ignorant immigrant, and the workingman dislikes the Chinese. Every one is beginning to differentiate those with proper qualifications for citizenship from some other class or classes which he wishes to restrain or exclude from society.”
Simon Patten, 1896.
J.E. Purdy, W.E.B. Du Bois, 1904. Photograph.
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William Howard Taft rides a water buffalo in the “pacified” Phillippines, 1899.
J.E. Purdy, W.E.B. Du Bois, 1904. Photograph.
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6. Reform Conforms at Century’s End
World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893.
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Henry Ossawa Tanner, The Banjo Lesson, 1893.
Oil on canvas.
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Abbot Thayer, Angel,1889.
Oil on canvas. Smithsonian
American Art Museum.
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Kenyon Cox, Eclogue, 1890.
Oil on canvas.
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Mary Cassatt, The Boating Party, 1893-94.
Oil on canvas. National Gallery of Art.
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Mary Cassatt, Mother and Child, 1905.
Oil on canvas.
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George Fiske, Kitty Tatch and a friend at Yosemite Park, c. 1895.
Photograph.
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