history
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180OL.18-03r.ppt
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American Portraits:
John Winthrop and Anne Hutchinson
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Artist unknown, John Winthrop, ca. 1625. Oil on canvas.
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American Portraits:
John Winthrop and Anne Hutchinson
“For we must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us, so that if we shall deal falsely with our God in this work we have undertaken, we shall be made a story and a by-word through the world.”
John Winthrop, “A Modell of Christian Charity,” 1630.
Artist unknown, John Winthrop, ca. 1625. Oil on canvas.
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HIST 180 Survey of American History
Benjamin Cawthra, Ph.D.
Professor of History
California State University, Fullerton
Attributed to Thomas Smith , Major Thomas Savage, 1679.
Oil on canvas. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
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Colonial North America
Timeline: Colonial North America
New France and New Netherland
3. The British Colonies: The Chesapeake
4. The British Colonies: New England
The British Colonies: Middle Atlantic and the Carolinas
6. Slavery, Conflict, and Authority
Attributed to Thomas Smith, Mrs. Richard Patteshall (Martha Woody) and Child, 1679,
Oil on canvas. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
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1. Timeline: Colonial North America
1587 “Lost Colony” established on Roanoke Island
1607 Jamestown founded.
1608 French establish Quebec
1609 Spanish found Santa Fe
1619 First African workers in Virginia; House of Burgesses meets
1620 Pilgrims found Plymouth Colony
1624 Dutch settle Manhattan
1630 Puritans establish Massachusetts Bay Colony
1636 Roger Williams founds Rhode Island
1642-49 Civil War in England
1660 English monarchy restored; Charles II takes the throne.
1664 English capture New Netherland
1676 Bacon’s Rebellion in Virginia
1681 Pennsylvania chartered
1686-89 Dominion of New England
Attributed to Thomas Smith, Portrait of a Man, Probably Sir George Downing, n.d.
Oil on canvas. Harvard Art Museums.
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2. New France and New Netherland
“Habitation” at Quebec, built by Samuel de Champlain, 1608.
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Map of northeastern New France, Samuel de Champlain, from his book Voyages de la Nouvelle France, 1632.
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Attributed to Frère Luc, France Bringing the Faith to the Indians of New France, c. 1675.
Oil on canvas. Musée des Ursulines, Quebec.
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Why did New France flourish with few settlers?
Relationships with Native Americans
Tolerance of native religious practice; Indians need not give up cultures
Intermarriage with Indians, often lived among them.
Used alliances with Indians against the British.
Canadian couple, post 1750.
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Father Chauchetière Blessed Kateri Tekakwitha,1682-93.
St. Francis Xavier Church, Kanawaké Mohawk Reservation, Québec.
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Nicolaas Visscher II, New Netherland, c. 1684 (from 1651 map).
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Hendrick Couturier, Peter Stuyvesant, c. 1660.
Oil on wood.
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New Amsterdam now New York on the Island of Man[hattan])
Date depicted: 1650-3. From original watercolor drawing on paper c. 1670, Royal Archives, The Hague. New York Municipal Archives.
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John Heaten, overmantel from the Marten Van Bergen House, Leeds, Greene County, New York, 1732-33.
Oil on wood.
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3. The British Colonies:
The Chesapeake
John White, Map of east coast of North America, c. 1585.
Watercolor. British Museum.
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- Chesapeake colonies were business enterprises.
- Independent to a large degree from the crown.
- Isolation from Indians; “transplantation”
- Nothing worked out as planned.
The Character of British Colonies
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John Smith, Map of Virginia, 1612.
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Captain John Smith, from his 1614 map of New England.
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Map of James Fort, Virginia, delivered to King Philip II of Spain in 1608.
Ministerio de Edicación y Cultura de España, Archivo General de Simancas.
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Simon van de Passe,
Pocahantas, c. 1616.
Engraving.
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4. The British Colonies: New England
Thomas Smith, Self-portrait, c. 1680.
Oil on canvas.
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Artist unknown, John Freake and Elizabeth Freake and Baby Mary, 1671 and 1674.
Oil on canvas.
5. The British Colonies: Mid-Atlantic, Carolinas
New Amsterdam becomes New York, 1664 (after Duke of York)
New Jersey: Royal charters given; two halves of colony join in 1702.
Pennsylvania and Delaware: Penn receives grant 1682. “Lower counties” become colony of Delaware, 1703.
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Benjamin West, Penn’s Treaty with the Indians When He Founded the Province of Pennsylvania in North America, 1771-72.
Oil on canvas.
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Justus Engelhardt Kuhn, Henry Darnall III as a Child, c. 1710.
Oil on canvas.
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Carolinas:
Royal charters in 1663 and 1665; Colonial Constitution, 1669. Splits into North and South Carolina in 1729.
Georgia: Founded 1733
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Mulberry Plantation, Moncks Corner, South Carolina, 1714
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Plan of Savannah, Georgia, 1733
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Virginia tobacco advertisement, 18th century.
British Museum, London.
5. Slavery, Conflict, and Authority
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Virginia tobacco advertisement, 18th century.
British Museum, London.
Enslaved Persons in Virginia
Year Number
1625 23
1680 3,000
1700 16,900
1775 210,000
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Sir Peter Lely, Sir William Berkeley, c. 1766.
National Maritime Museum, London
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Ruined tower of 1639 church, Jamestown (oldest remaining structure).
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The Dominion of New England, 1686-89.
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The new 1691 royal charter for Massachusetts.
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