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180OL.18-011.ppt*
American Portraits: Christopher Columbus
World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893
Postcard.
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Alejo Fernandez, detail from The Virgin of the Navigators, ca. 1505-36. Oil on wood.
Ridolfo Ghirlandaio, Christopher Columbus, ca. 1507. Oil on canvas.
Sebastiano del Piombo, Portrait of a Man, said to be Christopher Columbus, 1519. Oil on canvas.
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October 10, 1492
They are so affectionate and have so little greed and are in all ways so amenable that I assure your highnesses that there is in my opinion no better people and no better land in the world. They love their neighbors as themselves and their way of speaking is the sweetest in the world, always gentle and smiling. Both men and women go naked as their mothers bore them; but your highnesses must believe me when I say that their behavior to one another is very good and the king keeps marvelous state, yet with a certain kind of modesty that is a pleasure to behold, as is everything else here. They have good memories and ask to see everything, then inquire what it is and what it is for.
Christopher Columbus, 1492 Journal
Alejo Fernandez, detail from The Virgin of the Navigators, ca. 1505-36. Oil on wood.
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Oct. 12, 1492
They should be good servants and very intelligent, for I have observed that they soon repeat anything that is said to them, and I believe that they would easily be made christians, for they appeared to me to have no religion. God willing, when I make my departure I will bring half a dozen of them back to their Majesties, so that they can learn to speak.
Christopher Columbus, 1492 Journal
Ridolfo Ghirlandaio, Christopher Columbus, ca. 1507. Oil on canvas.
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Oct. 14, 1492
…these people are very unskilled in arms, as your Majesties will discover from the seven whom I have caused to be taken and brought aboard so that they may learn our language and return. However, should your Highnesses command it all the inhabitants could be taken away to Castille or held as slaves on the island, for with fifty men we could subjugate them all and make them do whatever we wish. Moreover, near the small island I have described there are groves of the loveliest trees I have seen…
Christopher Columbus, 1492 Journal
Sebastiano del Piombo, Portrait of a Man, said to be Christopher Columbus, 1519. Oil on canvas.
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Alejo Fernandez, detail from The Virgin of the Navigators, ca. 1505-36. Oil on wood.
Ridolfo Ghirlandaio, Christopher Columbus, ca. 1507. Oil on canvas.
Sebastiano del Piombo, Portrait of a Man, said to be Christopher Columbus, 1519. Oil on canvas.
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1469 Marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon uniting Spain
1492 Defeat of Moors at Granata
1492 Sponsorship of Columbus’ first voyage to the New World
1492 Expulsion of Jews
1494 Pope Alexander VI bestows honorific “Catholic King and Queen” on the Spanish monarchs.
Pedro Berruguete, detail from Saint Dominic Presiding over Auto-de-Fe, ca. 1495.
Oil on panel. Sacristry of Santo Tomas Church, Avila.
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HIST 180
Survey of American History
Benjamin Cawthra, Ph.D.
Professor of History
California State University, Fullerton
Pedro Berruguete, detail from Saint Dominic Presiding over Auto-de-Fe, ca. 1495.
Oil on panel. Sacristry of Santo Tomas Church, Avila.
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Encounters in a New World
Images as History
The First Americans
Native Americans in the Age of Contact
4. The World of Ancient Americans
5. Europe in the Age of Exploration
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1. Images as History
John White, Sketch of the Village of Secotan, Virginia, c. 1585-87. British Museum.
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2. The First Americans
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3. Native Americans in the Age of Contact
Secotan Village Showing Space Utilization, In Theodor De Bry, Americae pars decima, 1619. Engraving based on a drawing by John White, 1580s.
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4. The World of Ancient Americans
John White, Indian Man and
Woman Eating, 1585-86.
Watercolor.
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After John White, “Their sitting at meate.”
Engraving in Theodore de Bry, A briefe and true report of the new found land of Virginia, Frankfurt, 1590.
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5. Europe in the Age of Discovery
World Map, in Cosmographia, Claudius Ptolemaeus. Ulm, 1482. Library of Congress.
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Grigorio Lopez, Vasco de Gama, c. 1524. Oil on canvas.
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American Geographical Sites, in Martin Waldeeemuller, Geographiae Opus Novissima Traductione. Strasbourg, 1513. Library of Congress.
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