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In the 16th century, it is the first time of Portuguese businessmen arrived in Macau. After that, Macau became a seaport transfer station. (Coleman, 2013) From 19th century to the beginning of 20th century is the worst time of China, with the invasion of imperialist countries, China began to degenerate into a semi colonial and semi feudal country. (History of Macau as a Portuguese Colony. 2014)During this period China signed many humiliating agreement. At that time China lost territorial sovereignty of Hong Kong and Macau. On March 26th, 1887, China’s government agree with Portugal had the right of “perpetual occupation” of Macau. Although the agreement provides Portugal cannot transfer the right of Macau to the third party without China’s allowance, in fact China to be incapacitated from the right of Macau’s occupation until to 1999, Macau returned to China. (Coleman, 2013)

The time of occupation of Macau by Portugal and Hong Kong by British, Macau and Hong Kong practiced capitalism. Therefore, before Hong Kong and Macau return to China, in 1984 Chinese president Deng Xiaoping put forward “one country, two systems”. Its meaning Hong Kong and Macau can continue keep capitalism system, and China government recognizes and respects the special of Hong Kong and Macau. Basic on “one country, two systems” China established Special Administrative Region in Hong Kong and Macau. Since, Hong Kong and Macau has high autonomy. They have their own administration, legislation and judicial, except national defense and diplomacy. Although the difference between socialism and capitalism is huge, Macau and Hong Kong still keep the fastest of economic growth in the world. (Staff, 2014)

Currently, tourism and China are the hot social topic in the university. Tourism promotes country economic and advertises country culture to enhance country international status. China is a big country in the world, in the 21st century; China is developing rapidly at information technology, high speed rail technology, navigation technology and space technology etc. Following China’s strong, more and more foreign friends visit China. Macau is one of the world famous Chinese cities, therefore every year there are a lots of Chinese visitors and foreign tourist come to Macau. The Special Administrative provides good tourism conditions.

Macau named the East Las Vegas, so gaming is the major resources of Macau economic. According to Tourism In China, before Macau return to China, Macau is gaming-led tourism economy, after 1999, Macau to be one of the Special Administrative Region in China. Therefore, Macau changes gaming-led tourism economy to tourism-led service economy. (Airey, D. W., & Chong, K. 2017. P233.) Because of Macau is Special Administrative Region, so gambling in Macau is legal. However, in general Chinese constitution gambling is illegal, therefore, Macau from simplex gaming-led tourism change to multifaceted tourism. This change attach more tourists come to Macau, not narrow gaming tourists.

1.3 Aims & Objectives

To study Special Administrative Region impact Macau tourism, analysis three aspects: gaming, culture and shopping.

1. To investigation who is major tourist come to Macau

2. To analyze gaming create how much tourism profit to Macau

3. Discuss how does Macau Special Administrative Region government promote culture tourism

4. To carry out Special Administrative Region provides conveniences to shopping tourists.

2. Literature Review:

2.1 Major Tourists

Tourism In China (Airey, D. W., & Chong, K. 2017. P233.) describes after 1999, there are 7.4 million tourists visited to Macau, and Hong Kong leisure occupied almost 56 percent. As time goes on, in 2008 there are 22.9 million tourists arrival in Macau, and tourists not narrow of Hong Kong citizen, these tourists from all over the world. These tourists provide multiple markets development opportunity. The reason of Macau tourists’ data rise up is Special Administrative Region expending Macau tourism market demand.

Fowling with tourists increase, the tax of tourism also growth on. It provides billions of profit. According to Macao Tourism Industry Development Master Plan, in the “12th Five-Year plan for Economic and Social Development of People’s Republic of China”, Macau Special Administrative Region government put forward building a tourist destination economic. (Macao Tourism Industry Development Master Plan, n.d.) Therefore, Special Administrative Region impact Macau tourism developing.

2.2 Gaming profit

Gaming is the major economic resources of Macau. In the world Macau is famous for Gaming. Gaming pushes Macau’s tourism developing. In 2002, Macau government and China government open Macau gaming market, and then Macau as soon as possible increase economic. Gambling provides great income, improve social welfare and stimulate consumer spending, these motivation established gaming industry in Macau. (Wu, S., & Chen, Y. 2015)

Gaming attaches gaming-led tourists, more and more gaming-led tourists visit Macau, promote Macau hospitality industry developing. Now, many casino hotels appear in Macau, that is easy for gaming player enjoy gambling and also convenience for gaming-led tourist get rest in Macau. There are create a lots of employment opportunity along with casino hotels developing. Gaming also stimulates consumer shopping desire.

In fact, gaming market also provide huge tax revenue for Macau Special Administrative Region government. Macau government can use these revenue return back to Macau city construction. Such as build Nature Park, Macau museum, Macau culture center and ocean park etc. public tourist attractions and cultural facilities. Further promote Macau tourism development.

2.3 Cultural Tourism

Before 1999, Macau was not return to China. Macau was occupation by Portugal, when Macau returned to China, Macau Special Administrative Region government still keeping Portugal eating habits and Portugal style architecture, such as churches. Therefore Macau combines East and West cultural. People walking on Macau’s street, there are includes Portugal food restaurants, traditional Chinese style snack bar. Macau is a seaport, so the sea food of Macau is very delicious and fresh. This is a highlight of Macau travel; it attracts more tourists because of the collision of different cultural. The foreign tourists also can easy join in Macau trip.

Macau has 500 years history. There are a lot of scenic spots and historical sites. Macau has rich tourism resources and unique cultural charming. Macau located at southern of China. Therefore the sea around Macau and the north of Macau has mountain and there are many temples. Tourists come to Macau can swim in the sea, play on the bitch, and also can view Chinese Mountain. This is a good place for tourists avoids summer heat, relation and fit for take a vacation.

Moreover, Macau citizen can speak mandarin, canoness, English and Portuguese. So many foreign tourists can easy communicate with Macau citizen. That can improve the first impress of foreign tourists, make them feeling friendly.

2.4 Shopping Tourism

From 19th centre, Macau already is a transfer seaport to connect with foreign navigating. In the early time, Macau plays an important role for China diplomacy and overseas trade. Because of Macau is a seaport, there are abounding products are tax free. Therefore it attach a lots of shopping tourist arrive to Macau. (Wong, I. K. 2013)

On the geography, Macau neighbor with Hong Kong, mainland of China, and near Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. The products of these places in Macau are cheaper than other country. Moreover, the transportation is convenient. From Hong Kong to Macau there is pleasure-boat and helicopters arrive and depart. On the other hand, the shopping center and almost developed hotel also can satisfy different consumer demand. Since, many tourists are shopping in Macau.

3. Methodology:

3.1 Research approach

In the article is inductive, so it will uses qualitative data collection and quantitative data collection. Survey and case study are the major research methodologies.

Qualitative data collection is collection abounded data about the article of the author. Normally, read more academic article to collection needful word and graph’s information. After collection data, author needs complex and analysis, and then describes the data analysize. Qualitative data collection can improve article reliability and professional degree. However, it is short of data accuracy. (9 Mixing Data Collection Methods: Lessons from Social Survey Research,. n.d.)

Quantitative data collection is one of the sides of methodologies. Huge numbers of data provide more reliability and strong mathematics. Author can collection abounded data can easy established table, diagram and chart etc. reader can easy get the information from these data. (9 Mixing Data Collection Methods: Lessons from Social Survey Research,. n.d.)

Compare these two data collection can make article to be completeness.

I prefer write inductive article and use research philosophy. I decided use both of qualitative and quantitative, because of I will use survey and case study methodologies. Analysis survey data and case study will use both of them.

3.2 Data collection methods

My topic is around Macau tourism developing. Therefore, collection the data of Macau citizen survey is impossible for me. So sample is the best way for me to collection data.

Population is a group of general data. Sample is extracting some of units from population.

In the article, my primary decides the population of survey is Chinese student abroad. The range of population is 20-30 age, who has been Macau before. The sample will extract 30 people.

In my opinion potential population is the foreign tourists who has been to Macau before or who is planning travel to Macau.

The data collection techniques, I prefer use interview. Travel experience and the feeling during the travel time of samples are different. In the interview I can better observe the psychology of sample and better understand why they like or dislike Macau. At the same time interview can get more surprise information from sample people. This experience is valuable for my article.

3.3 Data Analysis

Data methods I will be applied interview and documentation. Tabulation will be conducted. Because of tabulation is the most convenience way for me to clear conduct the data.

3.4 Trustworthiness

Collection almost ten years the number Macau tourists arrive data. Improve data correction and avoid to data mistakes. Amount of data analysis can increase article reliability. In the research article should be avoid self opinion. Because correct data analysis play an important role of research article trustworthiness.

Until now I cannot hundred percent make sure my research article can be deliver, but I will try my best complete the professional rate of my article.

3.5 Limitations

For the ethical concerns, I promise I will not reveal interviewee’s personal privacy. During interview time, there are no sensitive questions. After interview I will not harass interviewee’s daily life.

List of References:

1. 9 Mixing Data Collection Methods: Lessons from Social Survey Research,. (n.d.). Advances in Mixed Methods Research, 138-149. doi:10.4135/9780857024329.d12

2. Airey, D. W., & Chong, K. (2017). Tourism in China: policy and development since 1949. London: Routledge.