Open Source Research Project

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11058_Chapter_4_Presentation.pdf

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Hardware, Software,

and Mobile Systems

Chapter 4

4-2

“. . . If We Do a Native App, We Have to Do iOS and

an Android Version and Maybe a Win 8 Version . . .”

• This sort of team, exploration, and result is common in

business.

• AllRoad would need to develop processes and systems it

didn’t already have.

• AllRoad will need parts designs manufacturers and rights to

sell them.

• Simulation in which customer does not have a part number

is real.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Study Questions

Q1: What do business professionals need to know about computer

hardware?

Q2: What do business professionals need to know about software?

Q3: Is open source software a viable alternative?

Q4: What are the differences between native and thin-client applications?

Q5: Why are mobile systems increasingly important?

Q6: What characterizes quality mobile user experiences?

Q7: What are the challenges of personal mobile devices at work?

Q8: 2024?

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Q1: What Do Business Professionals Need to Know

About Computer Hardware?

• Central processing unit (CPU) - “the brain”.

• Dual-processor and Quad-processor computers.

• CPUs vary in speed, function, and cost.

• CPU works in conjunction with main memory (RAM).

• CPU reads data and instructions from memory, and stores

results of computation in memory.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Storage

• Storage hardware used to save data and programs

common storage devices.

• CD/DVD.

• Hard disk.

• Thumb drives.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Basic Types of Hardware

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Server farm

Large

collection of

coordinated

servers

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_farm

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Computer Data: Binary Digits (Bits)

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Important Storage Capacity Terminology

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Specifying Hardware with Computer Data Sizes

• Computer disk capacities are specified according to the

amount of data they can contain.

• CPU speed is expressed in cycles called hertz.

– Slow personal computer speed of 1.5 Gigahertz.

– Fast PC 3+ Gigahertz, with dual processors.

• CPUs classified as 32-bit or 64-bit.

– Need a 64-bit processor to effectively use more than 4GB

of memory.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Q2: What Do Business Professionals Need to Know

About Operating Systems Software?

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Major Operating Systems

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Major Operating Systems (cont'd)

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Example of the Modern Interface

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Windows Server Computer Hosting Two Virtual

Machines

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Three Types of Virtualization

• PC virtualization.

• Server virtualization.

• Desktop virtualization.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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How Virtual Machine Example

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Own Versus License

• License – Right to use specified number of copies. – Limits vendor’s liability.

• Site License – Flat fee to install software product on all company

computers or all computers at a specific site. • Open Source

– No license fee.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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What Types of Applications Exist, and How Do

Organizations Obtain Them?

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What Is Firmware?

• Computer software installed on read-only memory

 Printers, print servers, communication devices.

 Coded like other software.

 Can be changed and upgraded.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Using MIS InClass Exercise 4: Place Your Bets Now!

• Microsoft Surface, a tablet device to compete with iPad and

Kindle.

• Google purchased Motorola Mobility for $12.5 billion.

• 150 million Android phones in use, largest market share of

mobile phone operating systems.

• Android phones manufactured by 39 different vendors.

• No single Android phone matched iPhone in popularity.

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Industry

Information

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Using MIS InClass Exercise 4: Place Your Bets Now!

(cont’d)

• Confounded channel: 38 other Android phone

manufacturers fear acquisition gives Google phones an

unfair advantage.

• Android open source operating system.

• Motorola Mobility 17,000 patents with 7,000 in pipeline.

– Patents protect Google from patent infringement lawsuits

from Microsoft, Apple, and others.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Using MIS InClass Exercise 4: Place Your Bets Now!

(cont’d)

• Motorola market leader in home devices and video solutions

business. What does that mean?

• Form a group to discuss and formulate answers to Exercise

questions.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Q3: Is Open Source Software a Viable Alternative?

GNU general public license agreement

• Open Office (a Microsoft Office look-alike)

• Firefox (a browser)

• MySQL (a DBMS, see Chapter 5)

• Apache (a Web server, see Chapter 6)

• Ubuntu (a Windows-like desktop operating system)

• Android (a mobile-device operating system)

• Cassandra (a NoSQL DBMS, see Chapter 5)

• Hadoop (a BigData processing system, see Chapter 9)

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Why Do Programmers Volunteer Their Services to

Open Source Projects?

• It’s fun.

• Freedom to choose projects.

• Exercise creativity on interesting and fulfilling projects.

• Exhibit one’s skill to get a job.

• Start a business selling services.

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Software

Source code:

Human readable computer

code

Machine code: Source code is compiled into instructions

executed directly by

a computer’s CPU

How Does Open Source Work?

Closed-source or

proprietary software

source code is not

available to users or

public. Only available

to trusted employees

and carefully vetted

contractors.

Open-source

software available to

users in source code

form.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_code

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_code

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_source

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software

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Source

Code

Sample

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So, Is Open Source Viable?

• Depends on requirements and constraints of situation.

• “Free” open source software still requires support and

operational costs that could cost more than a licensing fee.

• Future will involve a blend of both proprietary and open

source software.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Q4: What Are the Differences Between Native and

Thin-client Applications?

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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Q4: What Are the Differences Between Native and

Thin-client Applications? (cont'd )

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Developing Thin-client Applications

• Major advantage of thin-clients over native applications is

they run on any operating system and device.

• Development languages are HTML5, CSS3, and Javascript.

• Thin-client applications are limited by capabilities of browser.

• Written by professional programmers, technically oriented

Web developers and business professionals.

• Users obtain thin-client applications via the Web.

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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One Consequence of Browser Differences for Thin-

Client Applications

C o p y r i g h t © 2 0 1 5 P e a r s o n E d u c a t i o n , I n c .

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GetHuGames SpiroCanvas

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Sophisticated HTML5 Application

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Which Is Better?

• Depends on strategy and goals

• Application requirements

• Budget

• Schedule

• Tolerance for managing technical projects

• Need for application revenue

• Thin-client applications cheaper to develop and maintain

• May lack the wow factor

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Q5: Why Are Mobile Systems Increasingly Important?

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Five Components of Mobile Change and Opportunity

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Q6: What Characterizes Quality Mobile User

Experiences?

Primary characteristics of quality mobile applications

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Chrome-less Interface

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Example of Application Scaling

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Example Use of Web Page Data Declared as Shared

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Use the Cloud

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Kindle Roaming Message

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Q7: What Are The Challenges of Personal Mobile

Devices At Work?

4-46

Six Common BYOD Policies

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Advantages of Example BYOD Policies

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Q8: 2024?

• PC is dead, mobile web usage surpasses PC web usage in

US by 2015.

• Mobile applications make JavaScript major language.

• Microsoft will sell and support back-office operating systems

and business software. Be shadow of what it is today.

• Apple lost innovation advantage.

• Google innovative, but limited revenue sources.

• Amazon technology winner.

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Security Guide: “Because It’s Where the Money Is . . .”

• Most malware creation and dissemination is a business,

sometimes an illegal business guided by marketing

principles.

• How many of you care about loss of privacy?

• How many have sent something in email or text they

wouldn’t want the rest of the class to know?

• How many students have visited a web site or searched for

terms they’d prefer you or the class not know about?

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Guide: Keeping up to Speed

• Relentless pace of technological changes.

• 21st century business professional cannot bury head in sand.

• Use knowledge of IT to gain competitive advantage.

• Don’t ignore technology

 Read articles, technology ads, attend seminars and

workshops.

• Get involved as a user representative in technology committees.

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Active Review

Q1: What do business professionals need to know about computer

hardware?

Q2: What do business professionals need to know about software?

Q3: Is open source software a viable alternative?

Q4: What are the differences between native and thin-client applications?

Q5: Why are mobile systems increasingly important?

Q6: What characterizes quality mobile user experiences?

Q7: What are the challenges of personal mobile devices at work?

Q8: 2024?

4-52

Case Study 4: The Apple of Your i

• Tripled market share in three years.

• Second largest public company in world.

• Pioneered well-engineered home computers and innovative

interfaces for students and knowledge workers.

• Every sales success feeds other sales successes.

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Case Study 4: The Apple of Your i (cont’d)

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