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11-SocialJustice.pdf
The Social Documents of the Church
Age of the Son
Leonardo Da Vinci – Salvator Mundi
Age of the Father
Age of the Spirit
What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if you say you have faith but do not have works? Can faith save you? If a brother or sister is naked and lacks daily food, and one of you says to them, “Go in peace; keep warm and eat your fill,” and yet you do not supply their bodily needs, what is the good of that? So faith by itself, if it has no works, is dead.
—James 2: 14-17
i. Human Dignity
ii. Human Rights and Responsibilities
iii. Community of Neighbors
iv. The Option for the Poor
v. Participation vs. Marginalization
vi. Rights and Dignity of Workers
vii. Unconditional Solidarity
viii. Stewardship of Creation
Rerum Novarum (On the Condition of Labor)—Pope Leo XIII, 1891 Quadragesimo Anno (After Forty Years)—Pope Pius XI, 1931
Mater et Magistra (Christianity and Social Progress)—Pope John XXIII, 1961 Pacem in Terris (Peace on Earth)—Pope John XXIII, 1963
Gaudium et Spes (Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World)—Second Vatican Council, 1965 Dignitatis Humanæ (Declaration on Religious Freedom)—Second Vatican Council, 1965
Populorum Progressio (On the Development of Peoples)—Pope Paul VI, 1967 Octogesima Adveniens (A Call to Action)—Pope Paul VI, 1971
Evangelii Nuntiandi (Evangelization in the Modern World)—Paul VI, 1975 Laborem Exercens (On Human Work)—Pope John Paul II, 1981
Sollicitudo Rei Socialis (On Social Concern)—Pope John Paul II, 1987 The Church and Racism: Towards a More Fraternal Society—Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, 1989
Centesimus Annus (The Hundredth Year)—Pope John Paul II, 1991 Veritatis Splendor (The Splendour of Truth)—Pope John Paul II, 1993
Evangelium Vitæ (The Gospel of Life)—Pope John Paul II, 1995 Dignitas Personæ (The Dignity of a Person)—Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, 1998
Ecclesia in America (The Church in America)—Pope John Paul II, 1999 Fides et Ratio (Faith and Reason)—Pope John Paul II, 1998
Doctrinal Note on Some Questions Regarding the Participation of Catholics in Political Life - Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, 2002 Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church—Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, 2004
Deus Caritas Est (God Is Love)—Pope Benedict XVI, 2005 Sacramentum Caritatis (The Eucharist as the Source and Summit of the Church's Life and Mission)—Pope Benedict XVI, 2007
Caritas in Veritate (Charity in Truth)—Pope Benedict XVI, 2009 Lumen Fidei (The Light of Faith)—Pope Francis, 2013
Laudato Si (On the Care of Our Common Home)—Pope Francis, 2015
"If you don’t love you’re dead,
and if you do, they’ll kill you.”
—Fr. Herbert McCabe, O.P.
DISCIPLE If anyone wants to be a follower
of mine, let them renounce themselves and take up their
cross and follow me. (Mt 16: 24; Mk 8: 34; Lk 9: 23)
I
II
III
God's Will is not subject to popular
opinion.
Not in violence, but radical in
love.
PROPHET ...whosoever shall not receive
you, nor hear your words, when ye depart...
shake off the dust of your feet. —Mt 10: 14
...I have made my decree and will not relent: because they have sold the upright for silver and the poor for a pair of sandals,
because they have crushed the heads of the weak into the dust and thrust the rights of the oppressed to one side...
—Amos 2: 6-7
I hate, I scorn your festivals, I take no pleasure in your solemn assemblies.
When you bring me burnt offerings...your oblations, I do not accept
them and I do not look at your communion sacrifices of fat cattle. Spare me the din of your chanting, let me hear none of your strumming on lyres, but let justice flow like water, and uprightness
like a never-failing stream! —Amos 5: 21-24
I have made, and I will bear; even I will carry, and will deliver you.
— Is 46: 4b
i
"The whole of the Church's social doctrine, in fact, develops from the principle that affirms the inviolable dignity of the human person.“
— The Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church, 107
Humans share, by knowledge and love, in God's Own Life. It was for this that God created, and this is the fundamental reason for human dignity.
— CCC 356
Personhood: a someone, not a something.
THE IMAGE OF GOD
Wash you, make you clean; put away the evil of your doings from before mine eyes;
cease to do evil; learn to do well; seek judgment,
relieve the oppressed, judge the fatherless, plead for the widow.
— Is 1: 16-17
THE IMAGE OF GOD Homo est Dei capax
Human Dignity
Human Dignity
schiz·o·phre·ni·a a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation.
“Moral Law during Armed Conflict” (CCC 2312-2314)
or Thou Shalt Not Kill?
ii serve sacrificedefend
Prophetess/Prophet Queen/KingPriestess/Priest
Fr. Antón de Montesinos, OP
Sublimus Dei AD 1537
Human Rights and Responsibility
4th of December
AD 1511
The inviolability of the person...is a reflection of the absolute
inviolability of God... —Christifideles Laici, 38
Human Rights and Responsibility
Bonded Labor domestic servitude begging rings jails
Forced Labor forced marriage industry: factories
Trafficking organ removal sex trade warfare (fodder)
46m slaves estimated worldwide
150 billion dollars profit per annum
Human beings who are not compensated for their labor, live
in confinement, and who are controlled by violence.
Human Rights and Responsibility
https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/ezzjcw/slavery-from-space
Modern-day slavery: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PttVKVW0zI
Human Rights and Responsibility
Mitochondrial Eve & Chromosomal Adam: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bSEXHzGEzmk
Human Rights and Responsibility
✓ life ✓ work ✓ family ✓ freedom ✓ development
…also in utero
✓ food ✓ clothing ✓ shelter ✓ rest ✓ medical care ✓ social services
Human Rights and Responsibility
The means which are suitable for the proper
development of life:
Pacem in Terris
Centesimus Annus
Human Rights and Responsibility
Previously, the Church held that
the human was “ensouled” in
the womb after 3 months’
development. The soul was
said to “animate” the matter in the
womb, bringing it to life.
Science proves human life
begins at conception,
when sperm fertilizes an
ovum to form a zygote.
The Church embraces the
science and begins to defend life in the womb.
The truth of our faith becomes a matter of ridicule...if any [Christian], not gifted with the necessary scientific learning, presents as dogma what scientific scrutiny shows to be false.
— ST. I, Q. lxvi, A. i
Is “over-population” the cause of economic problems? Or should poverty, violent conflict, and environmental issues, bear the blame?
Should having a child have a price tag? (USD304,480)
—Gn 1: 27 Human Rights and Responsibility
aisthesis (emotion, senses) inferior understanding/perception
Mortal: Associated with soma (body)
nous (mind) superior intellectual capacity
Immortal: Image of God
Human Rights and Responsibility
Underlying Philosophy
Men weigh in: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7VmiMHUNVUA
Human Rights and Responsibility
Neil Degrasse Tyson: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BwOSHMFqAU
...for I am God and not a man... — Hosea 11: 9
Human Rights and Responsibility
There can be neither Jew nor Greek, there can be neither slave nor freeman, there can be neither male nor female — for you are all one in Christ Jesus.
—Gal 3: 28
The “Sin of Woman”
B e
fo re
a n
d A
ft e
r
Human Rights and Responsibility
Co-Redemptrix & Mediatrix
Toleration of inequality
The Cause of the Fall The New Eve
God-Womb Jeremiah, Hosea
El-Shaddai God-Breast
Human Rights and Responsibility
Mary, the Blessed Virgin Anna, prophetess
Mary Magdalene, Apostle Martha, “sister of Lazarus”
Mary, “sister of Lazarus” Joanna, wife of Choza
Suzanna Mary, “mother of James and Joseph” Salome, “mother of James and John”
—Biblical Commission Report, Can Women Be Priests?, 1976
It does not seem that the New Testament by itself alone will permit us to settle in a clear way and once and for all the problem of the possible accession of women to the Presbyterate.
Human Rights and Responsibility
Feminine term Hebrew & Aramaic
Human Rights and Responsibility
Human Rights and Responsibility
The Church, the Lord's Bride, was created from His side... so the Church was created from His side no otherwise than while dying.
— St. Augustine, Expositions on the Psalms, 127
Salvador Dali
Apostle to the Apostles
Richard Stodart
And, behold, a woman in the city, which was a sinner...
—Lk 7: 36
And certain women [were with him], which had been healed of evil spirits and
infirmities, Mary called Magdalene... —Lk 7: 36
Pope Gregory I (AD 540–604)
Human Rights and Responsibility
Anonyma, priestess during the persecution of Julian the Apostate (AD 361-363) Olympias of Constantinople (AD d. 418), ordained by Bishop Nektarios, great friend of St. John Chrysostom
Deaconesses Procula and Pentadia, corresponded with St. John Chrysostom Salvina, Deaconess in Constantinople, and acquaintance of St. Jerome
Severus, Bishop of Antioquia mentions the Deaconess Anastasia in his letters Macrina,
sister of St. Basil Magnus, and friend of Deaconess Lampadia Theosebia, Deaconess
and wife of St. Gregory of Nyssa
Human Rights and ResponsibilityArgument: There is no evidence of these women
I commend to you our sister Phoebe, a
deacon of the church at Cenchreæ.
— Rm 16: 1
Guilia Runa, Priestess
AD 4 Sophia of Jerusalem
AD 5 Anastasia of Delphos,
Priestess
Leta, Priestess Human Rights and ResponsibilityArgument: There is no evidence of these women
Theodora Bishop (c. V AD) Chapel of Zeno, Church of Saint Praxedes, Rome
Human Rights and ResponsibilityArgument: There is no evidence of these women
Fractio Panis
Human Rights and Responsibility
The Catacomb of St. Priscilla
Argument: There is no evidence of these women
“Agape feast” —Jude 1: 12
Junias Salute Andronicus and Junia, my
kinsmen, and my fellow-prisoners, who
are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me.
—Rm 16: 7
Human Rights and Responsibility
(m)
(f)
Argument: But the 12 Apostles were men…
EMINENTIORI MODO
In the incarnation, Mary was the altar upon which the victim was laid down and on which He was kindled
through the flame of her love...and at the redemption as the sacrificial priest who immolated Him.
— Auguste Nicolas, La Vierge Marie d’après l‘Évangile
Theological Evolution
Human Rights and Responsibility
Argument: There is no theological basis
In Persona Iesus
Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. …this cup is the new testament in
my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me.
—I Cor 11: 23-25
In the Person of Jesus
In Memoriam Christi In Memory of Christ
Human Rights and Responsibility Argument: But Jesus was a Man!...?
Family and Community
iii This is my commandment: love one another as I have loved you.—Jn 15: 12-17 But God did not create [humans to be] solitary, for from the beginning “male and female he created them” (Gen.
1:27). Their companionship produces the primary form of interpersonal communion. For by [their] innermost
nature [the human being] is a social being, and unless [he or she] relates...to others [they] can neither live nor
develop [his or her] potential. —Gaudium et Spes, 12
Domestic church
iv
You shall not oppress the poor or vulnerable. God will hear their cry. —Ex 22: 20-26
A portion of the harvest is set aside for the poor and the stranger. —Lv 19: 9-10
Speak out in defense of the poor. —Pv 31: 8-9
True worship is to work for justice and care for the poor and oppressed. —Is 58: 5-7
Mk 12: 13-17; Mt 22: 15-22; Lk 20: 19-26
If anyone is well-off in worldly possessions and sees his brother in need
but closes his heart to him, how can the love of God
be remaining in him? —I Jn 3: 16-17
The Option for the Poor
Mt 21: 12-17; Mk 11: 15-19; Lk 19: 45-48; Jn 2: 13-16
For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows.
—I Tim 6: 10
The Option for the Poor
Poverty is the parent of revolution and crime. —Aristotle
Economic inequality: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cA8gGLQnCHY
The Option for the Poor
What Matters to You
Things You
Control
Individuals and governments to remember the saying of the Fathers:
"Feed the people dying of hunger, because if you do not feed them you
are killing them...” —Gaudium et Spes, 69
The Option for the Poor
What can I do?: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OL6q_hq5r4
The Option for the Poor
“Give something, however small, to the one in need. For it is not small to one who has nothing. Neither is it
small to God, if we have given what we could.” —St. Gregory Nazianzen
v
Participation vs Marginalization
Participation vs Marginalization
Materials are purchased or traded for. If the family cannot afford it, donations are encouraged. The community raises the barn in a day or two.
Good ole-fashion’
Education in the USA: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5dU0W673SU
2. Low Income
3. State Spending
1. Apathy
Participation vs Marginalization
vi
God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on that day he rested after all his work of creating.
—Gn 2: 1-3
The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath. —Mk 2: 27
218 million children are used for labor
Full-time employees in the US average a 47 to 50-hour work. The are compensated for only 40 of those hours.
Industry enjoys 7 to 10 hours unpaid labor per capita, which translates into “capital gains”.
1948
2017
Compensation Late 70s
Dignified Work & Rights of Workers
Inequality for All: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRvFAiSvD0o
Dignified Work & Rights of Workers
Full-time employees in the US average a 47 to 50-hour work. The are compensated for only 40 of those hours.
Industry enjoys 7 to 10 hours unpaid labor per capita, which translates into “capital gains”.
1948
2016
Compensation Late 70s
Dignified Work & Rights of Workers
Work is a good thing for [a person]... because through work [a person] not only transforms
nature...but [a person] also achieves fulfilment...
—Laborem Exercens, 9
Reasons for anxiety, however,
are not lacking. Many people,
especially in economically
advanced areas, seem, as it were,
to be ruled by economics, so
that almost their entire personal and social life is permeated with
a certain economic way of
thinking. —Gaudium et Spes, 63
“[The human being] is the source, the focus and the aim of all economic and social life.” Dignified Work & Rights of Workers
vii Blessed are the peacemakers: they shall be recognized as children of God.
—Mt 5: 9
This is the proof of love, that he laid down his life for us, and we too ought to lay down our lives for our brothers.
—I Jn 3: 16
Unconditional Solidarity
Unconditional Solidarity
Utah’s solution: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1RB8CJajfl0
Everyone knows that the Fathers of the Church laid down the duty of the rich toward the poor in no uncertain terms. As St. Ambrose put it: “You are not making a gift of what is yours to the [poor], but you are giving [them] back what is [theirs]. You have been appropriating things that are meant to be for the common use of everyone. The earth belongs to everyone, not to the rich.”
—Populorum Progressio, 23 Unconditional Solidarity
viii THE GOOD SHEPHERDJn 10: 14-17
...For lack of a shepherd they have been scattered, to become the prey of all the wild animals; they
have been scattered. —Ez 34: 4-5
B la
is e
P a
sc a
l (A
D 1
6 3
2 -
1 6
6 2
)
Belief
Disbelief Stewards of Creation
God Exists God does not Exist
Consequence Consequence
Consequence
Global Warming is Real Global Warming is False
Consequence Consequence
ConsequenceOff to Mars
...in the seventh year the land will have a sabbatical rest, a
Sabbath for Yahweh. —Lv 25: 1-7
Stewards of Creation
Bisphenol A (CH₃)₂C(C₆H₄OH)₂
Atrazine C8H14ClN5
herbicide
plastics/paper
letrozole
"Mother Earth is a source of life, not a resource.” —Chief Arvol Looking Horse
...[Humanity] consumes the resources of the earth...in an
excessive and disordered way...
—Centesimus Annus, 37
Calls for: ✓ dialogue on environmental
policy ✓ education and
spirituality ✓ studies on how
poverty contributes to the problem
On the Care of Our Common Home
Stewards of Creation
Can you not buy five sparrows for two pennies?
And yet not one is forgotten in God's sight.
—Lk 12: 6
The upright has compassion on his animals, but the heart of the wicked is ruthless.
—Pv 12: 10
“What pleasure can it give to a cultured [person] to see weak human beings mangled
by a powerful wild-beast or a splendid animal transfixed by a hunting-spear?”
— Cicero After witnessing the games which celebrated the dedication of
Pompey's gift to Rome of her first stone theatre in 55 BC, 500 lions and 17 elephants were slaughtered.
Stewards of Creation
The great rabbi, Judah Ha-Nasi, was punished with years of pain when he showed he was insensitive to the fear of a calf being led to slaughter.
— Talmud, Baba Metzia, 85a
Dominion does not give the right to cause indiscriminate hurt. Slaughtering is designed to be as fast and painless as possible, and if anything occurs that might cause pain, the flesh of the hurt animal may not be consumed (haram).
No Unnecessary
Slaughter
Hunting (for sport)
Permitted
No Unnecessary
Slaughter
“My little sisters the birds, ye owe much to God, your
Creator...He has given you fountains and rivers to quench
your thirst, mountains and valleys in which to take refuge, and trees in which to build your nests; so that your Creator loves you much, having thus favored
you with such bounties...” —St. Francis of Assisi
Stewards of Creation
Stewards of Creation
The Sixth Extinction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1sN6Qw2dvc
God's purpose in recommending kind treatment of the brute creation is to dispose people to pity and tenderness for one another.
— ST I-II:102:6 ad 8um
Stewards of Creation
Wolves
Animals:
Sheep
Serpents
Doves
Good :) Bad :(
Serpents
Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves:
—Mt 10: 16 be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.
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