essay
YIFU1216
1.IntroductiontotheCourse.pptHist. 0843
AMERICAN MILITARY CULTURE
Main Instructor: Dr. Gregory J.W. Urwin, Professor of History
WHAT IS MILITARY CULTURE?
MILITARY CULTURE
A host of factors, many of them rooted in history, that contributes to a military institution’s core, common understanding of the nature of war – and how to prepare the men and women composing that institution to wage war effectively.
THE LONG AMERICAN TRADITION OF FORCE PROJECTION
(Upper left) A U.S. Army column invading Mexico, 1847. (Lower left) The wagon train that supported Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer’s 1874 Black Hills Expedition. (Below) U.S. Marines storm ashore at Inchon, South Korea, September 10, 1950.
AT WAR WITHOUT EQUALITY OF SACRIFICE
Although the United States is currently fighting wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, less than 1 percent of its population is in uniform. (Upper left) Three troopers from the 1st Cavalry Division going door-to-door during the Battle of Fallujah, Iraq, November 2004. (Lower left) Soldiers from the 101st Airborne Division on patrol in Afghanistan, November 2008. (Below) Wounded veterans at a welcome home parade in El Paso, Texas.
THE MOST WOLRD’S MOST POWERFUL AND EXPENSIVE MILITARY
(Upper right) The USS George Washington at Guam, November 2008. (Lower right) An M1 Abrams tank runs over a car in Iraq, 2006. (Below) An Air Force A-10 Thunderbolt II.
AN IMPORTANT FORCE IN BOTH AMERICAN AND WORLD HISTORY
(Upper left) General George Washington, who led the army that won American independence. (Lower left) American infantrymen invading Iraq, 2003. (Below) American paratroopers boarding a C-47 transport to begin the liberation of Northwest Europe, June 5, 1944.
MILITARY CULTURE
A Combination of Tradition and Change – and Change is Never Easy
TRUMP’S GOVERNMENT BY GENERALS
Trump with Secretary of Defense James “Mad Dog” Mattis.
Lieutenant General Michael Flynn campaigns with Candidate Trump in 2016.
President Trump introduces Lieutenant General John Kelly as his new chief-of-staff.
Trump with Flynn’s replacement as National Security Adviser, Lieutenant General H. R. McMaster.
THE CITIZEN- SOLDIER TRADITION
(Upper left) Massachusetts militiamen drill on their village green, 1636. (Lower left) Some of the 165,000 citizen soldiers who fought at Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863. (Below) A typical “Doughboy” of World War I.
EQUAL DANGERS, UNEQUAL TREATMENT
(Left) One of the 179,000 U.S. Colored Troops to fight in the Civil War. (Upper right) Troop I, 10th U.S. Cavalry Regiment (the “Buffalo Soldiers”) at full gallop, circa 1904. (Lower center) Captain B.O. Davis, 9th U.S. Cavalry, one of the first black officers in the regular officer, in 1915. (Lower right) An integrated U.S. Marine Corps machine-gun crew trains during the Korean War.
WOMEN IN UNIFORM
(Upper right) U.S. Army nurses during the Spanish-American War, 1898. (Lower right) A motorcyle dispatch rider from the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps during World War I, 1898. (Below) A U.S. Marine recruiting poster from World War II.
A NEW GENERATION OF WOMEN WARRIORS
(Left) Sergeant Leigh Ann Hester with the Silver Star she received on June 16, 2005, for the valor she displayed in fighting through an insurgent ambush south of Baghdad. She killed three insurgents with her M-4 rifle, becoming the first woman to receive the Silver Star since World War II. (Below) Airwoman Vanessa Dobos, the gunner on an AC130 gunship in Iraq.
ANN E. DUNWOODY: THE U.S. ARMY’S FIRST FOUR-STAR GENERAL
(Lower left) Lieutenant General Dunwoody’s official portrait as commander of the U.S. Army Materiel Command. (Lower right) Dunwoody after her promotion to full general on November 14, 2008.
American Women Eligible for Combat Service
(Below) Secretary of Defense Ashton B. Carter announces that women are now eligible for service in combat roles in the U.S. military, December 2, 2015. (Upper right) The first two female graduates of the U.S. Army Ranger School, August 2015.
MILITARY MOMS – THE NEW NORMAL
The proliferation of mothers in uniform – both married and unmarried – has forced the U.S. military to make major adjustments in its personnel policies.
SEXUAL HARASSMENT & ASSAULT
An Enduring Scandal
GAYS IN THE MILITARY: NO LONGER A SORE POINT?
(Upper right and left) Two editorial cartoonists take aim at the “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” Policy instituted under President Bill Clinton in the 1990s. (Below) Former Marine Jeff Key who “outed” himself on CNN after fighting in Iraq.
THE MOVE TO AN ALL-VOLUNTEER ARMY
Recruiting posters from the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s.
MILITARY SERVICE OUTSOURCED
Mercenaries employed by Blackwater, a leading private military firm, on duty in Iraq.
A VARIETY OF SERVICE CULTURES
(Upper left) U.S. Army tanks in action in Iraq. (Lower left) U.S. Marines parade past their memorial at Arlington National Cemetery to mark the birthday of the Marine Corps, November 10. 2008. (Below) An admiral’s funeral in the chapel at the U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, 2005.
INTER-SERVICE RIVALRIES
The Geico caveman is used in these recruiting poster parodies to mock the U.S. Army (lower left) and U.S. Navy (lower right). (Upper right) A cartoon depicts the U.S. Air Force as pampered, wasteful, and obsessed with useless technology.
