Construction Methods & Materials
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0137033451_pp1.pptCopyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
- The construction industry is one of the largest industries in the United States, historically accounting for about 10% of the nation’s gross national product and employing some 10 million workers.
- It is widely recognized that construction as a discipline is a combination of art and science.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
- Construction Contractors
- Companies and individuals engaged in the business of construction are commonly referred to as construction contractors because they operate under a contract arrangement with the owner.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
FIGURE 1-1. Construction of St. Louis Gateway Arch. (Copyright © American Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. Reprinted with permission. All rights reserved.)
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
- Construction Industry Divisions
- The major divisions of the construction industry consist of building construction (also called “vertical construction”) and heavy construction (also called “horizontal construction”).
FIGURE 1-2. Distribution of U.S. new construction volume. (Source: Bureau of the Census)
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
FIGURE 1-3. Modern building construction project.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
FIGURE 1-4. Heavy construction project—Kennedy Space Center launch complex. (U.S. Air Force photograph)
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
- Project Development and Contract Procedures
- The major steps in the construction contracting process include bid solicitation, bid preparation, bid submission, contract award, and contract administration.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
- For major projects, steps in the project development process include the following:
- Recognizing the need for the project.
- Determining the technical and financial feasibility of the project.
- Preparing detailed plans, specifications, and cost estimates for the project.
- Obtaining approval from regulatory agencies.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
- How Construction Is Accomplished
- Construction employing an owner construction force.
- Owner management of construction.
- Construction by a general contractor.
- Construction using a design/build (turnkey) contract.
- Construction utilizing a construction management contract.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
FIGURE 1-5. Construction employing owner construction forces.
FIGURE 1-6. Owner-managed construction. [Either (a) or (b) or both may be employed.]
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
FIGURE 1-7. Construction by a general contractor.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
FIGURE 1-8. Construction employing a design/build firm.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
FIGURE 1-9. Construction utilizing a construction management contract.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
CODES AND REGULATIONS
- Projects constructed in most areas of the United States must comply with a number of governmental regulations.
- These include building codes, zoning regulations, environmental regulations, and contractor licensing laws, among others.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
CODES AND REGULATIONS
- Building Codes
- Zoning, Environmental, and Other Regulations
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
STATE OF THE INDUSTRY
- Construction Productivity
- Reducing Construction Costs
- Good work planning.
- Carefully selecting and training workers and managers.
- Efficiently scheduling labor, materials, and equipment.
- Properly organizing work.
- Using laborsaving techniques, such as prefabrication and preassembly.
- Minimizing rework through timely quality control.
- Preventing accidents through good safety procedures.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
- Elements of Construction Management
- Quality Management
- Safety and Health
- Organization for Construction
- Reasons for Construction Company Failure
- Use of Computers
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
FIGURE 1-10. Representative construction company organization chart.
Copyright ©2011, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Pearson [imprint]
Construction Methods and Management, 8th ed. S. W. Nunnally
CONSTRUCTION TRENDS AND PROSPECTS
- Construction Trends
- Problems and Prospects
