Weapons of Mass Destruction - Into to Intelligence
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0135111943_pp9.pptHomeland Security, First Edition © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Homeland Security and Weapons of Mass Destruction
CHAPTER 9
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Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
9-*
History of the Deployment of WMDS
- Historical Precedent for Biological WMDS
- Historical Precedent for Chemical WMDS
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
9-*
Historical Precedents for Biological WMDS
- History of Use in United States
- Individuals Rather Than International Groups Have Committed Terrorist Attacks Using Biological Weapons
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Historical Precedents for Chemical WMDS
- As Early as 1000 B.C. the Chinese Used Arsenic Smoke
- Used Extensively in World War I
- Used During World War II
- Used in 1995 to Attack Subway Trains in Tokyo
- Ricin Used in Las Vegas in 2008
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
9-*
The Threat of Nuclear Weapons of Mass Destruction: Destructiveness, Potential for Use, and Availability
- WMDS Present a Vexing Problem for Homeland Security
- Three General Types of WMDS:
- Nuclear
- Biological
- Chemical
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Nuclear or Radiological Attack Can Be Mounted in Several Ways:
- Obtain a Nuclear Weapon, Smuggle into the U.S., and Detonate It
- Combine Radiological Materials With a Conventional Explosive Device Across a Wide Area
- Use Conventional Explosives or Attacks or Nuclear Facilities or Materials in the U.S.,
- Many Chemicals Could be Weaponized and Deployed Against a Population
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Nuclear and Radiological WMDS
- Nuclear Bombs or Weapons
- The Spread of Nuclear Material and Information
- Smuggling Nuclear Weapons and Materials
- Terrorist Attacks Using Dirty Bombs and Attacks on Nuclear Facilities
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Biological Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Types of Biological Weapons
- How Biological Weapons Work
- Creating Biological Weapons
- Threat Assessment and Biological Weapons
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Chemical Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Blister and Blood Agents
- Choking and Nerve Agents
- Creating Chemical Weapons
- Advantages of Chemical Weapons
- Weaponizing Chemicals
- Means of Delivery
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Factors Constraining Terrorists From Using WMDS
- Organizational Capabilities
- Financial Resources
- Logistical Resource
- Knowledge/Skill/Acquisition
- Materials and Technology Acquisition
- Production
- Weaponization and Delivery
- State Sponsorship
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Ideological Motivations to Acquire and Use WMDS
- Ideological Desires
- Enhancing a State’s or Group’s Prestige in a Region of the World
- Provide a Country With More Leverage in the World Community
- Strategic Motivational Factors
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Relative Destructiveness of WMDS
- Potential to Cause Mass Casualties
- Disrupt a Nation’s or Region’s Economy
- Nuclear Bombs Post the Greatest Danger
Homeland Security, First Edition Gaines
© 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
9-*
Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Currently, Nine Countries Possess Nuclear Weapons
- Numerous Countries Possess Chemical and Biological Weapons
- 29 Countries Are Suspected to Have or Had Biological/Chemical Weapons Programs
