Module 16 Chapter 24
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0135093597_ppt21.pptBUIE HARWOOD BRIDGET MAY CURT SHERMAN
An Integrated History to the Present
Chapter 21
English Neo-Palladian and Georgian
1702 -- 1770
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
English Neo-Palladian and Georgian
Whig Party members appoint themselves arbiters of taste when George I takes throne
Promote Neo-Palladianism as rational, correct, polite
- Metaphor for owner’s culture & education
Interiors
- Classical details, rich materials
- Adorn rooms, display owner’s collections acquired on the Grand Tour
- Mid century, classicism coexists with Rococo, Chinese, Gothic influence in interiors & furniture
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
CONCEPTS
Whigs equate correct architecture with common sense & good taste
- Reject Baroque Classicism but favor Renaissance Classicism of Palladio & Englishman Inigo Jones
Neo-Palladian rational yet flexible, based on antiquity, nationalistic associations
- Pattern books initiate & spread the style
Several interior & furniture styles
- Those in Neo-Palladian houses by William Kent based on Venetian Baroque
- Romantic & Picturesque Movements inspire Gothic Revival
- French Rococo & Chinese
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-1. Motifs and Architectural Details: From left: mantel detail; door with classical surround; and door with Chinese and Rococo surround, all from Claydon House, c. mid 18th century; Buckinghamshire, England. Neo-Palladian/Georgian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
ARCHITECTURE
Neo-Palladian England’s national style 1st half 18th century
- Almost exclusively domestic
Form & details from Vitruvius, Palladio, Inaja Jones
Plain walls or spaces around windows; cube shapes, porticoes, temple fronts, Venetian or Palladian windows, Diocletian or thermae windows, quoins
- Two forms: main house with wings or smaller buildings & rectangular blocks
Pattern books spread style
1830s some Gothick or Gothic Revival structures
- Historical accuracy not important
- Light, visual complex, Gothic forms & details
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-2. S. Martin-in-the-Fields, 1721-1726; London, England; James Gibbs. This church has great influence in America. Neo-Palladian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-3a. Chiswick House, begun 1725; Chiswick, London Borough of Hounslow, England; Lord Burlington and William Kent. Neo-Palladian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-3b. Chiswick House, floor plan, begun 1725; Chiswick, London Borough of Hounslow, England; Lord Burlington and William Kent. Neo-Palladian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-3c. Chiswick House, Gallery, begun 1725; Chiswick, London Borough of Hounslow, England; Lord Burlington and William Kent. Neo-Palladian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-4a. Holkham Hall and floor plan, begun 1734; Norfolk, England; William Kent. Neo-Palladian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-4b. Holkham Hall, Marble Hall, begun 1734; Norfolk, England; William Kent. Neo-Palladian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-4c. Holkham Hall, saloon, begun 1734; Norfolk, England; William Kent. Neo-Palladian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-5a. Strawberry Hill, 1747; Twickenham, England; for Sir Horace Walpole. Georgian Gothic Revival.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-5b. Strawberry Hill, Long Gallery, 1747; Twickenham, England; for Sir Horace Walpole. Georgian Gothic Revival.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
INTERIORS
Neo-Palladian in mansions, townhouses, manor houses
Grand proportions, rich & costly materials, bold colors, classical details—doors, windows, walls, ceiling, chimneypiece
- Details from Palladio, Jones, Venetian Baroque & spread by pattern books
William Kent prominent architect, interior designer, furniture designer for Neo-Palladian mansions
Mid-century, Gothic, Rococo, Chinese forms & motifs on walls, ceilings, chimneypieces, textiles, wallpaper, furniture
- Conservative Rococo & Chinese mainly ornament
- Gothic emulates architectural style
- Rococo mixes with Gothic & Rococo
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-7. Stone Hall, Houghton Hall, 1722-1731; Norfolk, England; Colen Campbell or James Gibbs and William Kent. Neo-Palladian
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-8. Chinese Room, Claydon House, 1757-1768; Buckinghamshire, England; carving by Luke Lightfoot. Georgian with Chinese details.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-9. Textiles: From left: Painted and dyed cotton palampore, late 18th century and English crewelwork curtain, linen, and cotton twill with wool embroidery; early to mid-18th century; England.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-10. Lighting: Candlestick and wall sconce; England.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
FURNISHINGS AND DECORATIVE ARTS
Golden age for furniture—many styies, new types, excellent construction
Queen Anne (1702-1714)—plain, comfortable, human scale; curvilinear, elongated; chairs definitive; new—card tables
Baroque & William Kent (1710-1750)—no precedents for Palladian furniture; massive, elaborate custom designed; marble tops, scrolls, shells, masks, Venetian scrolls, lions, dolphins, eagles
Early Georgian (1714-1750)—transition between Queen Anne & Chippendale; sub-styles
Chippendale (1750-1770)—low, broad proportions; pierced splats; straight or curved legs; Rococo, Chinese and/or Gothic details
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-11. Queen Anne side chair in walnut, early 18th century; England.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-12a. Parlor Chairs published in Thomas Chippendale’s The Gentleman’s and Cabinetmaker’s Director (or The Director), c. 1775 and armchair in the Chinese style; England. Chippendale or Middle Georgian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-12b. Ribbon-back armchair, c. 1775; England. Chippendale or Middle Georgian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-13. Easie (or wing) Chair; c. 1700; England. Queen Anne.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-14. Camel-back sofa, Claydon House, mid-18th century, Buckinghamshire, England. Middle Georgian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-15. Side table, mid 18th century; England; William Kent. Neo-Palladian or Middle Georgian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-16. George III tilt-top tea table, mid-18th century; England. Middle Georgian.
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-17. Desk and bookcase with Chinoiserie decoration, c. 1710; England. Georgian
Chapter 21: English Neo-Palladian and Georgian 21.*
©2011 Pearson Education Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Architecture and Interior Design: An Integrated History to the Present Buie Harwood, Bridget May, and Curt Sherman
21-18. Bed for the Chinese Room at Badminton House, c. 1755, Gloucestershire, England; William Linnell. English Chippendale or Middle Georgian.
