history of prestressed concrete and how to prestressing works?

1 - Introduction CES 4711/5715 – Prestressed Concrete Garber 1

Homework 1 (Individual assignment for all students)

Problem 1 – History of Prestressed Concrete (Everyone)

Conduct a brief review of the literature and develop a short write-up on the history of prestressed concrete (less than 3 pages, single spaced, including figures and photographs). Some things that you should include are:

• Where did the idea of prestressing originate? • Who were some of the people who first developed the concepts of prestressing? • What inhibited early attempts at prestressing? • What were some of the early bridges that used prestressing (Europe and the US)? • Why has prestressed concrete become so widespread today?

Please use any resources that you feel are appropriate; you must use at least two separate sources. Use proper citations.

Problem 2 – How Prestressing Works (Everyone)

Describe in less than one page the advantages of prestressing concrete over conventional reinforced concrete. Use text, figures, and calculations as may be appropriate. Use proper citations.

Problem 3 – Codification and Design (CES 5715)

Describe in less than one page how design and codes have changed over time in prestressed concrete (use the D Arcy et al. article).

Suggested Resources:

• Billington, David P. "Historical perspective on prestressed concrete." PCI journal 49.1 (2004): 14-31.

• Dinges, Tyson. The history of prestressed concrete: 1888 to 1963. Diss. Kansas State University, 2009.

• Scott, Norman L. "Reflections on the Early Precast/Prestressed Concrete Industry in America." PCI journal 49.2 (2004): 20-33.

• D Arcy, Thomas J., George D. Nasser, and S. K. Ghosh. "Building Code Provisions for Precast/Prestressed Concrete: A Brief History." PCI journal 48.6 (2003): 116-124.

• Sanabra Loewe, Marc, and Joaquim Capellà Llovera. "The four ages of early prestressed concrete structures." (2014).

Use any other resources you may find.

1 - Introduction CES 4711/5715 – Prestressed Concrete Garber 2

Rubric (for entire assignment)

Category Possible Points

Demonstrated conceptual knowledge

3 2 1 0 The student has strongly demonstrated that they understand the concept(s) that they were tasked to write about.

The student has demonstrated to an average degree that they understand the concept(s) that they were tasked to write about.

The student has demonstrated to some extent that they understand the concept(s) that they were tasked to write about.

The student has not shown that they understand the concept(s) they were tasked to write about.

Quality of support / explanation

3 2 1 0

The student has provided sufficient evidence for their answer and clearly articulated / illustrated ideas, concepts, or processes.

The student has provided sufficient evidence for their answer, but quality of articulation / illustration ideas, concepts, or processes could have been improved. Or no illustrations provided.

The student has provided some evidence for their answer, but quality of articulation / illustration ideas, concepts, or processes could have been greatly improved.

Support / explanation could not be easily followed.

All aspects or parts of question addressed

2 1.33 0.67 0 The student has responded fully to the prompt and answered every part of the questions.

One aspect of prompts was not addressed.

Multiple aspects of the prompts were not answered.

No aspects of the prompts were answered.

Spelling and grammar

1 0.67 0.33 0 The student has proofread and shown an attempt to boost their professional ethos by addressing grammatical and mechanical issues.

The student may have proofread the document, but several spelling/grammar issues still present.

Numerous spelling/grammar issues.

Document was difficult to read and understand due to spelling/grammar.

Documentation and sources

1 0.67 0.33 0 The student has cited sources according to the given documentation standards.

In-text citations and works cited section were provided, but inconsistent/incomplete format.

No in-text citations or no works cited section provided.

No in-text citations and no works cited section provided.

Total 10

Turn-It-In Score reductions: 50-75% (-6), >75% (-10) (if clear signs of copied sections) Deduction for not including a problem: CES 5711 – P1 (-6), P2 (-2), P3 (-2); CES 4711 – P1 (-7), P2 (-3)