Reflecation paper

-Module 1- Introduction to Prototyping

➢ Overview

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Establish prototype objectives

Define prototype

functionality

Develop prototype

Evaluate prototype

Prototyping plan

Outline definition

Executable prototype

Evaluation report

-Module 1- Cont.

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➢ Objectives of Rapid Prototyping

• Introduce Prototyping Process.

• To describe the use of prototypes in different types of development

project.

• To discuss evolutionary and throw-away prototyping.

• To introduce three rapid prototyping techniques - high-level language

development, database programming and component reuse.

• To explain the need for user interface prototyping.

• Define World-Class manufacturing.

• Recognize the impact of global competitive environment on Engineering

Processes.

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➢ RP Applications

• Applications of rapid prototyping can be classified into three

categories:

1. Design

2. Engineering analysis and planning

3. Tooling and manufacturing

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-Module 1- Cont.

➢ Applications

• 1. Aerospace

• 2. Biomedical

• 3. Automotive

• 4. Defense

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What to prototype ?➢

•Technical issues

• Work flow, task design

• Screen layouts and information

display

• Difficult, controversial, critical areas

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➢ Prototyping Benefits

• Improved system usability

• Closer match to the system needed

• Improved design quality

• Improved maintainability

• Reduced overall development effort

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➢ Problems with Rapid Prototyping

• Part accuracy:

• Staircase appearance for a sloping part surface due to layering

• Shrinkage and distortion of RP parts

• Limited variety of materials in RP

• Mechanical performance of the fabricated parts is limited by the

materials that must be used in the RP process

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❑ Development of a Successful Product

1- World Class Manufacturing

2- Product Definition

3- Engineering Design Process

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1- World Class Manufacturing

World-class manufacturing is achieved by those companies which

are best in the field at each of the competitive priorities such as:

• quality

• price

• delivery speed

• delivery reliability

• flexibility

• innovation

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A company can no longer dominate a market with:

- cheaper man power

- newer technology

- convenient capital

- or a particular supply chain

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2- Product Definition

figuring out what to make before making it product definition is:

- A layout of what the purpose of the product is.

- Whom it is targeted toward.

- How it will be built and manufactured.

Reaching a definition for a product involves:

- Considerable customer interaction regarding the product

- Complete many prototypes to get the best possible design.

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3- Engineering Design Process

The engineering design process can be divided into several steps:

➢ Identifying customer’s needs

converting these needs into:

- product design specifications,

- engineering design, and

- prototyping to evaluate the concepts

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➢ Converting Needs into Product Design Specifications

-The objective here is to explore the complex relationships between

customer and functional requirements to connect technology with

what people need and want.

- After identifying customer and functional requirements explicitly,

they are captured in a formal specification that product concepts can

then be evaluated against.

- Use ranks, to select the preferred concepts that are later refined.

The desirable result will be that the product fits both the customer

‘‘wants’’ and the business ‘‘needs.’’

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➢ Engineering Design

is an iterative process and can further be classified into feasibility

study or conceptual design, preliminary design, and detail design.

• A preliminary design stage, a feasible solution is developed.

• The problem requirements are defined in detail.

• More information is gathered.

• Critical parameters are being quantified to establish the optimal

solution.

• The function, strength, spatial compatibility, and financial viability

of the product are evaluated.

• The detail design makes a complete engineering description of a

tested and producible product.

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➢ Product Prototyping

Product prototyping is the bottleneck of the process:

• The focus should be on how to use the:

– Virtual Prototyping

– Rapid Prototyping

technologies to accelerate this process,

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section objectives to help answering the following questions:

• Why is product innovation important?

• What are the reasons for the failure of a new product?

• What are the basic reasons for prototyping?

• Why is time-to-market so critical?

• How can bringing a product to market rapidly have an impact on

the rate of return and how it affects the outcome of other

competitive products?

• How can product definition impact time-to-market?

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➢ Product Prototyping And Its Impact

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➢ Prototype design and innovation

Issues That Cause Product Innovation Failures

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➢Impact On Cost, Quality, And Time

The impact of an example of timing to market on product revenue.

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➢Key Process Requirements For Rapid Prototyping

• Virtual prototyping

Provides flexibility, cost-efficient data integration, and a concurrent approach to

engineering

• Traditional prototyping

techniques were successful in the design and analysis of products consisting of

less than 100 components

• Know the customers

participate in the customer design process

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❑ Product Prototyping And Product Development

➢ What Is Prototyping ?

use simulation technologies in all design phases.

➢ Virtual Prototyping In Product Development

address different aspects in the design process, FEA, kinematics and multi-

body dynamics, electronic circuit design, CAD/immersive design, and virtual

reality/topological modeling.

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An example of mixing virtual and physical

components together to evaluate a prototype.

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➢Rapid Prototyping In Product Development

Physical prototyping enables the exploration, optimization, and validation of

mechanical hardware.

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Schematics of a stereolithographic apparatus (SLA).