FOR YASSER1020

MODULE 02

RESPONSE AND DOCUMENTARY FILM

  

CONFIDENCE LEVEL PURCHASING MOBILE APPS

Student’s Name

Institutional Affiliation

Date

CONFIDENCE LEVEL PURCHASING MOBILE APPS

PART 1 INTRODUCTION

Statement of the problem

This research paper consist an analysis and study of the four major generations of people in the society, and how diversity can contribute to improvement lifestyle such as in job performance and job management and also interaction among students in colleges. It also analyzes the use and application of mobile phone apps and computer technology among the distinct generations in the various places in society such as in workplace. Pre-boomers were those who were born between 1930 and 1945 (Yang & Jolly, 2015).

Baby boomers were born between 1946 and 1960, and Gen Xers were born between 1961 and 1981. Working with Pre-Boomers will be very tough. They are known to be punctual and strict when it handling various issues and activities.. Pre-boomers are not technology oriented, nor are they particularly interested in working with new technologies. Pre-boomers believe in communicating first when there is a conflict. They believe in people and each other than anything else. They value relations and care people more than anyone else. People belonging to that age are real leaders (Nicholas, Rowlands, Clark & Williams, 2011).

Interaction and association with baby-boomers will be a good learning experience. Baby boomers have seen a politics cropping up in their era. So, they are best advocates of political dramas. They know how to create a problem and how to solve it too. Baby boomers are wise and like working on technologies. Baby boomers are most practical people. Since they grew with cut-throat competition, for them everything is a competition. Working with Gen Xers will be a different experience altogether. They are logical people and technology buffs. They have a love for various technologies and would love to work on different techniques and uphill their skills and knowledge. Gen Xers are good managers and are good at managing people and work. Whatever they do, they do it a high level of caution, and they are very pragmatic (Yang & Jolly, 2015).

Nevertheless, diversity at community such as in the workplace has become a common factor. Especially with technology growing rapidly, there have been several trends that are created every now and then. Due to this, there are several differences that are created in the way things are looked at. The most important factor that makes people to look at things differently is the generation gap. For example, in a large organization which has been operating for a long time the employees are associated with the organization for a long time and similarly there are workers who have joined later. There is a significant difference in age gap between these personalities which creates the generation gap. 

Therefore, generation diversity can be discussed by differentiating people according to the generation in which they are born. Like for baby boomers who are born between years 1946 and 1964 are more competitive in nature. Similarly Gen X are those who are born between 1965 to 1977 like to work independently and Generation Y who were born post 1977 are more attached to technology and give more emphasis on teamwork. Therefore, people of different generations have different mindsets which are discussed in the traditional discussion in diversity. 

In the application of diversity of people in the organizations as an example in the workplace, the managers should be good enough to explore these differences and utilize them for the betterment of the organization. For example, a senior employee who has vast experience can put in their ideas to the younger generations and the younger generations can take their ideas and polish them with use of technology that would be accepted in the market.

Generational Conflict for humans in the society

Generational conflict means conflict among people of various generations. This happens in various places one them being at the work place. These different generations use to live and associate work close together and sometimes have difficulty getting along. Generational conflict is a growing phenomenon in contemporary business environments and currently most of the people are choosing to work later in life, which results employees with an age difference of 40 years or more may work closely together. 

We all can notice usually some differences occur between younger and older generally and at work place as well like the way they dress, the way of thinking, how they communicate and how they use technology. And usually express different attitudes. We can divide generations into five different categories

Traditionalism

These are people born before 1945. They are also referred to as the Depression Babies since they were influenced by the Great Depression and World War II. 

Traits:

They are loyal, respectful of authority, stubbornly independent, excellent work ethic, dependable, and have advanced communication and interpersonal skills.

Baby Boomers:

These were born between the years 1946-1964, and called as The Woodstock Generation Influenced by the Vietnam War, the ’60s, and postwar social change.

Traits

They are well-educated, question authority, excellent teamwork skills, and thrive on adrenaline-charged assignments.

Generation X

These people were born between1965-1980 and are also referred to as the Latchkey Generation. They are products of divorced parents during that era.

Traits

They are independent, family-focused, and intolerant of bureaucracy, critical, hardworking, and socially responsible.

Generation Y

These people were born 1981-1995. They named the Entitled Generation. They are majorly influenced by technology and doting parents.

Traits

They are highly socialized, loyal, technologically savvy, socially responsible, and require work-life balance.

Linksters

These people were born after 1995. They are most commonly referred to as “the Facebook Crowd”. They are influenced by a media-saturated world.

Traits 

They are technologically dependent, closely tied to parents, tolerant of alternative lifestyles, involved in green causes and social activism.

In summary this is a brief representation of the five kinds of generational people and the distinct generational characteristics that impact work styles, team behavior, and communication styles.

Ways to Resolving the Generational Conflict

a) Consider the generational factor.

There is almost a generational gap to conflict and if we recognize this gives new ways to resolve each one. For example, Baby Boomers tend to work very long hours, while Generation X and Generation Y value their time at home. And understand the work styles where each generation shows different perception at work.

b) Consider generational values

Each generation has distinct set of values which they protect and a conflict may threaten these values. For instance the baby boomers value teamwork, cooperation, and buy-in, while Gen X’ers prefers to make a unilateral decision and move on preferably solo. Share perceptions. Suppose employees of two or more generations are involved in a workplace conflict, they can learn a great deal by sharing their perceptions. Where a traditionalist may find the lack of formality and manners of a Gen Y’er offensive, a Gen Y’er may feel dissed when this older employee fails to respect his or her opinions and input.

c) Find a generationally appropriate fix

As we cannot modify people’s life experience and we can work with their set of attitudes and the expectations that result from it. For example, when your experienced Baby Boomer becomes frustrated by a Gen Y’s lack of experience and sense of entitlement, turn the Boomer into a mentor Your Gen Y personality would love a mentor.

d) Take advantage of early adopters of technology

Younger people are more likely to embrace new technology, often adopting the latest trends that can eliminate repetitive or boring tasks. which they can help your organization figure out how to make good use of technology and help older workers learn new systems when they are in place.

e) Leverage experience

People learn a lot over the course of their careers, including knowledge which comes only from experience and cannot be taught in school. Never forget that older people are prominent source who have knowledge that can be used to help the community as a whole and to help younger people with less experience to develop more quickly and efficiently.

f) Understand the role of power and control in creating conflict

On the same note, people who are at level higher than others in the same generation may criticize the immaturity of the young, without recognizing that all that separates them from the younger people for instance workers is one promotion. Remember that the desire for and use of power is the central issue in most conflicts, not generation.

 Today most of the conflicts within organizations and institutions of learning are a result of differences in life stage, career stage and job level not particularly generational differences. This applies in diverse sections in life such that even if your employees want to frame issues in terms of generational differences, your efforts will be more productive if you focus on what drives motivation and behavior across generations.

RESEARCH QUESTION

What is the highest and lowest confidence level among boomers, baby boomers and gen x, and gen y in purchasing mobile apps? 

HYPOTHESIS

The use of mobile apps and computer technology is widely has been embraced and used by all the generations including the pre-booming, booming baby booming and generation X,Y and lastly generation Z. 

PART 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

For research analysts, the necessity for leading execution audits has been a yearly custom that both sides have persisted at sufferance. The nature of the procedure and its motivation is once in a while assessed or addressed. Be that as it may, this is progressively not valid as organizations are throwing away regular representative audits for less standardized, more adaptable assessments. 

Accenture, one of the world's biggest bosses, as of late declared that it would no longer require its 330,000 representatives to experience yearly execution audits. What's more, the organization is additionally deserting its constrained positioning framework for a framework in which specialists get consistent criticism from their managers. Conventional ways to deal with spurring workers have hit an obstacle; they don't appear to apply to the contemporary era of representatives, called Generation X and Generation Y (or Millenials).

Who Are the Generation Xers?

Most essayists concur that these around 50 million individuals were conceived between the mid-1960s and 1980- - the posterity of the famous people born after WW2. Many grew up as "lock key" children, home alone after school while both of their folks worked, or potentially they were raised by a single parent. They saw their people wedded to the various commitments and sessions of life, frequently giving extend periods of time to industrial facilities, and social relations. Their folks yielded time at home with their families. In the financial downturn of the 1980s, vast numbers of these hard-working employees lost their occupations. What is the outcome? The Gen X or Y kids figured out how to end up distinctly more commonsense and were regularly disappointed with the absence of work/life adjust in their home. What's more, they frequently took a gander at the lack of reliability by businesses to their representatives (Yang & Jolly, 2015).

Characteristics of Generation X

Avoid hardcore sales technics. Be sure to convince them about your marketing and business claims using research and also using customer testimonials. Moreover, bring together past cultural marketing efforts with modern digital trends of promotional tools including Facebook, email marketing, and online adverts. Spurring Gen Xers So how does this data convert into functioning with and spurring this gathering of people? Shrewd bosses should perceive those attributes said above and gave a portion of the accompanying: 

1. Space      to develop- Offer Gen X workers clear articulations of objectives,      however, permit them sensible scope on the best way to accomplish those      goals. Expand on their enthusiasm for increasing new abilities and      learning by giving chances to develop at work. Gen Xers tend to have a      "buckle down, play hard" attitude.
2. Chances      to settle on decisions- Since this era has turned out to be usual to      "battling for them," give alternatives - choices for assignment      determination, options for difficulties, choices to detail new procedures,      and opportunities to create inventive yet suitable conclusions. You      likewise need to permit them the flexibility to utilize their genius and      imagination to make progress.
3. Mentoring-      Stable, relationship-situated mentorships are an incredible incentive for      young workers. Be mindful so as not to miniaturized scale oversee them or      propose inflexible rules for finishing ventures. Invest energy with them      and offer bright and successive criticism on their advance.

Who Are the Generation Yers or Millenials?

The roughly 70 million Gen Yers came next, conceived in the mid to late 1970s through the late 1990s. They have regularly been known as the "Trophy Kids" because on games groups and in school, every youngster, paying little respect to capacity, when given an opportunity to contribute and perform, was frequently given some authentication or honor only to have partaken. (Review, interestingly, how past eras got credit just when they won.)

These children were adulated richly by their folks and educators, who had abnormal amounts of seeking and desires after positive results. Regularly Gen Yers were included in numerous exercises simultaneously with school: lessons, sports, get-togethers, playgroups, and groups. They can likewise be considered as the "over-booked" era. This generation of workers inherits a robust online availability and they available both in social media and blogs. They adopt the most current trends in technology thus this helps to market to this age. Therefore, make sure promotional e-mailers are agreeing and compatible for mobile viewing Benefit from their impulsiveness by offering additional items for purchase at the checkout point.

Millennial leaders are resourceful assets in the process of development and success of an organization. They integrate the advent of digital technology equipment and resources together with the human efforts of labor thereby maximizing production of the goods and services. Thus millennial leaders are quite outstanding as far as the growth and development of an organization are concerned. They are also intelligent to apply wise strategies within the operations of the production process of the body to invent new methodologies improve the efficiency and thus more profit achievement (Yang & Jolly, 2015).

 As a result, there is dire need to increase the number of millennial leaders by promoting them to higher levels of technology and digital activities.  Currently, our team has about 60% of millennial employees thus it will be an excellent strategy to increase the number of millennial leaders in the following ways. First and foremost, the organization should introduce training sessions in the use of digital equipment and presented by the new technology. Moreover, employee motivation is one of the most significant factors that will influence change management system such that millennial employees will be motivated to take leadership posts. Create a relaxed environment for employees to desire to become leaders. Leaders must be kind, hospital and sociable thus being close to the workers. 

 The organization management should also encourage the use of digital computers and other electronic devices as that is used more often by the millennial generation. Use of digital computers, multi-media devices, and other electronic devices promotes faster communication information flow, and data exchanged between the various departments of the organization (Nicholas, Rowlands, Clark & Williams, 2011).

Inspiring Gen Yers There is an immediate relationship between their encounters growing up and strategies to rouse this gathering of Gen Y workers. To achieve accomplishment with this populace, you ought to consider these methodologies:

1. Multitasking-      Give more than one errand to fulfill at once, yet without overpowering      them. They are acclimated to multitasking and can doubtlessly deal with      what must be done and when. Besides, anticipate the difficulties of having      a few errands to perform without a moment's delay.
2. Joint      effort. Make workgroups or accomplices to work with, where fitting. They      are acclimated to working pair with others.
3. Structure.      Give structure and clear rules, and now and again, particular procedures      or methodologies for accomplishing objectives. While they seem confident,      regardless they require a contribution from the administration.
4. Innovation.      Urge and permit them to utilize the most recent change in the work      setting.
5. Challenges.      Decidedly challenge their interests, capacities, and accomplishments.
6. Relationship      building. Make a holding association with them so they feel great      requesting info and heading and know they can depend on you as the      specialist figure when the need emerges.
7. Uplifting      feedback. Compensate them every now and again with positive input and      references for fruitful achievements and turning points making progress      toward longer-term accomplishments.
8. Drawn      in the initiative -Set up particular and standard circumstances to meet      with and oversee them. Show your genuine enthusiasm for their expert      development and achievement.
9. Correspondence-      Comprehend that they incline toward utilizing electronic intends to speak      with you instead of vis-à-vis gatherings. This era is significantly more      familiar and alright with innovation than some other group.

Baby Boomers

Baby Boomers Aces: Baby Boomers positioned the most astounding with regards to being a gainful piece of their associations (69% of respondents concur), "persevering" (73% of respondents concur), a "cooperative person" (56% of respondents agree), and mentoring others (55%). 

CONS: On the other hand, Boomers positioned the most minimal with regards to being versatile (10%) and cooperative.

Advantages: of course, Boomers (28%) recognized benefits, for example, social insurance and retirement, as the most critical liven contrasted with Gen X (19%) and Gen Y (147%)

 These kinds of people search for product information over the internet and through use of calls and emails. Nevertheless, they give more faith in face-to-face information sharing and communication. In addition to this, they would be happy in discovering the aim of your business. Lastly, but not least commissions and bargain offers will appeal more to this generation as compared to other demography (Yang & Jolly, 2015).

Diversity has become a part and parcel of the community with globalization on its peaks. Diversity is a necessity for an organization as it can be used to increase the reputation of the society. People get the opportunity to get exposed to various cultures and traditions. They also get to experience the environment if they go outside the country which is very common nowadays. Conflicts at the education centers, workplace, and other social associations can be solved easily with diversity as the presence of different kinds of people gives different ideas and the environment will be peaceful. 

So diversity is important and should be maintained well in order to gain it's advantages. The ethical standards and morals of a society must be in such a manner that they represent each and every culture in their own way which makes all the people comfortable. All the cultures must be encouraged by conducting events and parties. These steps make people experience the diversity in the community and the importance the technology gives it.

 Society diversity refers to the organization which includes people of heterogeneous mix in terms of gender, age, ethnicity and sexual orientation. Societal diversity may result in both positive and negative effects on the people

The two major form of diversity in the society are-

1. Surface-level      diversity
2. Deep-level      diversity

Surface level diversity refers to the human differences that can be seen easily in terms of ethnicity, race, age, sex, gender, etc. Examples are workforce consisting of older workers and younger workers, workforce consisting of male and female employees and workforce consisting of employees of different religions. Deep-level diversity refers to the differences in values, personalities and work preferences that are not seen easily but can be determined when people get to know each other.

The difference between valuing diversity in the society and managing diversity in the community exists on the basis that valuing diversity focus on the differences that exist between people whereas managing diversity focus on unleashing the talents and capabilities of people in diverse society. Valuing diversity means considering the differences between people as a valued asset whereas managing diversity means initiatives taken by the people who include all members of the society programs and informal groups of the organization.

ADVANTAGES OF DIVERSITY IN THE SOCIETY

New Ideas 

If the society has diversity then more and more new ideas can come to improve the community or improve the relationships and lifestyle of an organization of people living together. This very important because through new ideas only company will able to earn more money or save cost for themselves.

Increase in productivity

The productivity will also increase of a team if the society has diversity. People will start learning from other and try to learn more skills. Which will in the end will increase the productivity of the people as well as for the local society.

Increased adaptability

This is very important as well because in every society, management has few predefined solutions which actually forcing the people to adapt to a diverse organization. This is one of the way company will able to match the change the in demand of the market.

Change in the services provided to customers

In this case, if people in the company start thinking differently than they can come up with the new ideas of product that they are not producing currently. This is also important for the growth of the company.

Dis-advantages of diversity in the society 

Less freedom of speech

This is one of the most common con of the diversity. Because of diversity people don’t talk to each other much comfortably. If one person is of different community and group of other people is of different community then it becomes difficult to get adjusted in the particular setting.

Communication Issues

This is also very common issue of diversity. Language barrier is very important concern that needs to be addressed by the people if they are planning to have diversified society place. Else people will struggle to work together.

May cause disrespect of one culture

If a community has people from different cultures then people need to think before they speak. The logic behind this is because sometimes in jokes you may insult the other’s culture. Either of the two ways results in conflict within the society.

Howe boomers like to be managed

Members can be managed by the generations in the following ways. 

1. Provide      with something to believe- Boomers have got mission, so providing with the      mission regarding to corporate for them in order to align themselves.
2. Boomers      are the ones who like having meetings, for the interactions and also in      order to impress others in order to offer the valuable inputs.
3. Just      like the greatest generations before them, the boomers don’t require much      in the way for the feedback. But the competitive drive is going to      appreciate for the financial reward for a job.
4. In      regard with the communication, this generation is going to use the phones      other than the other generations. As there is no record for any phone      calls, make sure to remind them for the action steps at the end for each      call.

PART 3:  METHODOLOGIES

This section consists of various research methods which were used to gather data about the interaction and activities of all the three generations and how this affects the use of mobile technology .The methodology involved analyzing people’s demographics, employee relations, and workplace diversity. A series of search methods were employed as discussed below: 

Null hypothesis

All the four generations of people in the society have the confidence level for using mobile apps.

Alternative Hypothesis

The use of mobile apps and computer technology is widely has been embraced and used by all the generations including the pre-booming, booming baby booming and generation X,Y and lastly generation Z.  

DESCRIPTION OF DATA COLLECTION INSTRUMENT

Quantitative Research Design

  Quantitative research refers to a level of experiential learning means for most scientific disciplines. Experiments here are other times known as real science and the ancient mathematical and statistical methods are used to determine effects conclusively. Experimental research is used mostly in utilizing the quantitative research design, and the study often used by physical scientists though social sciences, education, and economics also use the same research type. This quantitates researches all use a level set with only a few smaller inter-disciplinary differences of creating a theory to be determined or disapproved. Statistical and mathematical methods are used to determine this approach and are always the core around which the whole experiment is conducted, selecting randomly for any study group is necessary, and a confined society should be inclusive at any time required (Nicholas, Rowlands, Clark & Williams, 2011).

Qualitative Data Analysis

Qualitative data analysis is a systematic method of research and data analysis that involves research of issues that are hard to contemplate in numbers because they are uncountable. This leads to the necessity of involving other methods of data findings including interviews, use of questionnaires among similar methods 

Data reduction: this is initial process of data analysis in the research process. Is becomes the first thing to do before you go deeper with the research evaluation, by assessing the data which you have collected from a respective source. Thus, data reduction is a process of assessing the credibility of the data by selecting which information would be valid to use in the research and which one would be discarded due to lack of sufficient credible satisfaction. 

Data display: this is the second step in research processing and it involves bringing together various elements in the information so as to present enough data for provision of final conclusions. Precisely, it involves displaying of data in tables, charts, graphs and other elements so as to use them as findings for the conclusion. 

Drawing of conclusions: it involves the process of evaluating the findings to come up with a final decision of the research based on the evidence provided in the research.

Reliability is the process of making a piece of information to be succinct and certified so as to ensure it is accurately drawn. The process of checking the source, nature and appearance of piece of information to be used in making a decision is known as validation. Validity is therefore the process of ensuring the provided information is real and accurate before making any decision.  

PROBABILITY SAMPLING

 Probability sampling was the appropriate approach used to conduct a research survey about the use of mobile apps by different generations of people in the society. Probability sampling is a testing skill where the specimens are collected in a procedure that guarantees every participant in the same society opportunity of being chosen. In this method, the surveyor should assure that each person has got the equal chance of being elected and it can be obtained if the surveyor uses non-specification. Pure probability is the best for using, as there will be no testing and regular favoritism when the measurement is carried on correctly, it will be able to act for the whole people. Testing favoritism is destroyed as the participants are chosen without using any method.

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS

Descriptive statistics refers are small expressive factors which outline a particular data stand and can be either are presentation of the all inhabitants or a part of it while inferential statistics refers to a division of statistics that deals with decisions, generalizations, predictions and institutions. Descriptive statistics uses data to give account of the occupants by either numerical calculation or graphs while inferential statistics uses speculations and forecasting about a population according sample of data conveyed from the population at hand.

For example, in examining people’s gender whether they are in baby boomers, boomers gen X, Y or Z, the analysis of gender is categorical. It does not have an order that is meaningful and it does not have a value as it depends on a distinct group. As you are either a male or a female. The weight of a package is a quantitative value as it values from one object to another. It has a meaningful order and has value as it has numerous arrangements. True or false questions in an examination are categorical variable. It depends on particular answer which does not have an order that is meaningful. It is measured and depends on a certain particular answer. 

CAUSAL RESEARCH

  Explanatory research also known as causal analysis is used to determine if there is a causal relationship between two. In this study, variation is importantly noted in the variables supposed to cause a change in other variables and then measure changes in other variables. Other confusing effects should be controlled to avoid interfering with the results by either holding them constant in experimental creation data or by using statistical methods.

STUDY POPULATION AND SAMPLE

Simple Sampling Method

 There are more methods for selecting samples. Choosing the right approach for selecting the sample is essential for positive results. When deciding a specific purpose, for example, I would consider the need for the research, time for the study, specified area, and participants for positive results regarding the investigation. A useful sample method is one that effectually obtains the specific objective of the research involved. The success of a sample method relays on; precision, correctness, and cost, these three factors help in putting down the aim of the study. 

It is easy to use to represent the most significant elements by small, simple random sampling. It is more advantageous over stratified, and cluster sampling as there is no need for division of the population into subset or takes any other extra move before choosing individuals of the community a chance. This method is the neutral act on behalf of the different people of a team. This method contemplates a just way to choose a sample from a significant population of all members of the selected community to have same right chance of being elected. It is mostly used where the surveyor understands a little about the people (Yang & Jolly, 2015).

STATISTICAL PROCEDURE USED 

In analytical, research is done on pre-existing data, regularly obtained on a daily basis by the government. Multiple regressions refer to a group of relevant statistical techniques which control specific causes that influences others apart from the ones being researched. In case the data shows enough variation in the determination of interest, its effectiveness can be determined and measured (Nicholas, Rowlands, Clark & Williams, 2011).

It is easy to use to represent the most significant factors by small, simple random sampling. It is more advantageous over stratified, and cluster sampling as there is no need for division of the population into subset or takes any other extra move before choosing individuals of the community at the chance. This method is a neutral act on behalf of the different population of a team. This method contemplates a just way to choose a sample from a significant population of all members of the selected community to have same right chance of being elected. It is mostly used where the surveyor understands a little about the people.

Action Research Methodology

Action research also referred to emancipator exploration, Action learning as well as combination request has many other that are not stated above. Precisely action research implies the process of learning things by performing actions. Action research in other dimensions can be described as the sequential process of learning things and ideas (Stephens & Haslett, 2013). 

The process occurs in different types of steps that are known and familiarized by the learner. Action research methodology is a research technique that is used to enable the assessment of a problem which may be require either immediate or progressive problem solving solutions it a great research technique that is applied in various industries to research cause of a problem and the way to solve that problem as soon as possible. Action research methodology has proven to be very effective in terms of problem assessment. There are two types of action research that are used to research a problem thereby finding the ultimate solution that will end the problem. These are participatory action research and practical action research methodology.

 This research employs the method of single baselines and review of the data concerning the use of mobile phones specifically mobile apps. Also, multiple baseline design is used to reveal the functional connection between the intervention and the target behavior. This is achieved through replicating the intervention effects with two or more behaviors, individuals or settings. The repeated measures of the baseline are performed concurrently on two or more baselines. 

After baseline data has been obtained for the dependent variables, the research implements the intervention for the first dependent variable while maintaining baseline conditions for the other variables related to the topic of study. When criterion is obtained with first behavior, the intervention may be implemented and analyzed as to its effect on second dependent variable. Introduce intervention to third dependent variable after it is clear that the intervention is working with the second dependent variable. Follow-up stage or generalization phase is included to ensure effects of independent variables over time, settings, behaviors, and/or individuals  

 The generation lifestyles across the four main generations will be the independent variable while usage and purchase of mobile applications becomes the dependent variable.  The target Population studied involves buyers of mobile phones. The participants will undergo thorough interview determine the level of app usage in their mobile phones 

Data collection

The measurements for equal steps were taken two times a week. To ensure accuracy and consistently in collection of the measurements; only specific targeted activities were considered when taking the measurements. Measurements were taken in multiple ways for every participant. Therefore data for each participant was taken concurrently at the level of support required at the beginning of intervention and at the next independent level. 

Data Analysis

Analysis of data will be done by use of visual inspection of the trends that will be displayed by data collected. Visual analysis will be used in this study, as the researcher’s purpose is to study the confidence level in the usage of mobile apps on the four different generations. In this type of analysis, the researcher can make inferences about the changes of the reciprocal steps. The reason of choosing this type of research is to inspect changes within every stage while conducting this research. This will require the researcher to investigate the level of performance along with reporting the mean and range as per the measurements. It is generally used when continuous numerical data are gathered, data are graphically depicted, and the researcher wishes to make formative and summative analyses.

DECISION RULE

New research on mobile behavior released today points to the growing struggle that app businesses face in establishing themselves as a must-have download on users’ smartphones. Today’s consumers are spending over 85 percent of their time on their smartphones using native applications, but the majority of their time – 84 percent – is spent using just five non-native apps they’ve installed from the App Store. Hence the confidence level for using mobiles apps is greatly increasing especially with the current millennial. 

Similarly, those five apps will vary from person to person. For some, their top five could include social media or gaming, while others may spend more time in instant messaging. This trend also means that a small handful of companies are now dominating app usage. Facebook, for example, accounts for 13 percent of U.S. minutes spent on apps, followed closely by Google at 12 percent. Other big-name tech companies also see heavy usage, including Amazon (3 percent), Apple (3 percent), Yahoo (2 percent), Microsoft (1 percent) and eBay (1 percent.) As a category, social networks claim 14 percent of all smartphone usage – or more than 25 minutes per day. Facebook is the leader here, with 1.25 billion mobile monthly active users

Meanwhile, U.S. users spend 4.8 percent of their smartphone minutes in instant messaging apps like What Sapp, but globally, this figure is even higher. Worldwide, apps like WeChat, KakaoTalk, Line and others are seeing users spending 50 to 200 minutes with them per week. In the U.S., however, the phone’s native messaging application sees higher usage than IM’ing apps, accounting for 8 percent of minutes spent on smartphones. Media is another popular category of apps with weather, news and sports accounting for 3 percent of all usage minutes. News leads here with a median of 11 minutes, 51 seconds per day. Mobile users’ interest and heavy use of news apps is likely why Apple decided to enter the space itself with the launch of the forthcoming “News” app which will be installed by default with iOS  

Games and Music account for 6 percent of smartphone usage minutes, while streaming video represents 9 percent of minutes. Here, YouTube leads with 43 percent adoption, but Netflix has the highest median use at 31 minutes, 33 seconds. Books and magazines represent 2 percent of smartphone usage minutes, which is actually fairly high given their long-form nature. Other categories like Shopping (5 percent), Maps/Navigation (6 percent), Email (non-native, 4 percent), Productivity (3 percent) are also popular.

Based on this data and other findings in the study above, businesses are advised to design their apps only for their best and most loyal or frequent customers – because those are the only one who will bother to download, configure and use the application regularly. For instance, most retailers say their mobile web sales outweigh their app sales, the report says. Meanwhile, outside of these larger players, many customers will use mobile websites instead of a business’ native app. 

ASSUMPTIONS, LIMITATIONS, AND DELIMITATIONS

Nevertheless, there were various challenges that were recorded when using these methods of research including both quantitative and qualitative research methods. 

Interview

1. The method is tiresome since due many travels and visits

2. The method is also subject to biases of the interviewer

Advantages

1. It is less costly to use

2. It flexible and researcher had a chance to ask questions seeking clarifications

Use of questionnaires disadvantages

1. It is expensive to make

2. It is quite tiresome to supply, collect and analyze each questionnaire booklet

Advantages

o It is faster

o It provides chance to collect other source of information as a speculate in the sample questions

References

Yang, K., & Jolly, L. D. (2015). Age cohort analysis in adoption of mobile data services: gen Xers versus baby boomers. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 25(5), 272-280.

Reisenwitz, T. H., & Iyer, R. (2017). DIFFERENCES IN GENERATION X AND GENERATION Y: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ORGANIZATION AND MARKETERS. Marketing Management Journal, 19(2).

Feyerherm, A., & Vick, Y. H. (2013). Generation X women in high technology: Overcoming gender and generational challenges to succeed in the corporate environment. Career Development International, 10(3), 216-227.

Nicholas, D., Rowlands, I., Clark, D., & Williams, P. (2011, January). Google Generation II: web behaviour experiments with the BBC. In Aslib Proceedings (Vol. 63, No. 1, pp. 28-45). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Bolton, R. N., Parasuraman, A., Hoefnagels, A., Migchels, N., Kabadayi, S., Gruber, T., ... & Solnet, D. (2013). Understanding Generation Y and their use of social media: a review and research agenda. Journal of Service Management, 24(3), 245-267.

Sayers, R. (2016). The right staff from X to Y: Generational change and professional development in future academic libraries. Library Management, 28(8/9), 474-487.

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