Retrospective payment systems to prospective payment schemes - 1+ page

Abernathy and Cornerford discuss the shift from retrospective payment systems to prospective payment schemes (PPS), which reimburse hospitals based on Diagnoses-Related Groups (DRGs). Discuss the following issues related to this. 

1. Discuss the impact this change in reimbursement schemes has had on the internal governance structure of hospitals. Focus your discussion on the impact this shift has had on the budgeting process.
2. List at least two (2) advantages and two (2) disadvantages of greater professional health care provider involvement in the budgeting process.

Must be in APA format with references