Question 1 (1 point) Which of the following is NOT an empirical question? Question 1 options: Are women more talkative than men? Is dieting an...

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Question 1 (1 point)

Which of the following is NOT an empirical question?

Question 1 options:

[removed]	Are women more talkative than men?
[removed]	Is dieting an effective weight loss strategy?
[removed]	Should we prohibit cell phone use while driving?
[removed]	Does cognitive psychotherapy help depressed people?

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Question 2 (1 point)

The tendency to notice evidence that is consistent with our beliefs and ignore evidence that is inconsistent with
our beliefs is called _____.

Question 2 options:

[removed]	wishful thinking
[removed]	confirmation bias
[removed]	skepticism
[removed]	common sense

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Question 3 (1 point)

Two important attitudes of scientists are skepticism and _____.

Question 3 options:

[removed]	emotional neutrality
[removed]	mathematical ability
[removed]	tolerance of uncertainty
[removed]	religious agnosticism

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Question 4 (1 point)

What is an empirically supported treatment?

Question 4 options:

[removed]	a psychological treatment that has been shown to work by scientific research
[removed]	a psychological treatment that has not yet been tested
[removed]	a psychological treatment that should work in theory but that does not work in practice
[removed]	a psychological treatment that can, in principle, be tested

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Question 5 (1 point)

Researcher A says that people who got allowances as children are more financially responsible as adults
because they had more opportunity to learn how to handle money. Researcher B says that people who got
allowances as children are more financially responsible adults because they are responsible people in general …
which is why their parents gave the allowances in the first place. Which of the following best describes this state of
affairs?

Question 5 options:

[removed]	The researchers share the same hypothesis but are proposing different phenomena.
[removed]	The researchers agree on the phenomenon but disagree about the theory.
[removed]	The researchers have the same theory but different hypotheses.
[removed]	The researchers are taking different perspectives on the same theory.

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Question 6 (1 point)

Which of the following is an advantage of narrow theories over broad theories?

Question 6 options:

[removed]	They are simpler.
[removed]	They explain more phenomena.
[removed]	They are less technical.
[removed]	They make more precise predictions.

Question 7 (1 point)

A theory that explains a behavior primarily in terms of why it happens is which of the following?

Question 7 options:

[removed]	a mechanistic theory
[removed]	a typology
[removed]	a functional theory
[removed]	a hypothesis

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Question 8 (1 point)

In general, what do researchers conclude when their hypotheses are confirmed?

Question 8 options:

[removed]	It is time to switch to a new research topic.
[removed]	They have proven their theory.
[removed]	Their theory now has more support.
[removed]	Nothing because a hypothesis cannot ever be confirmed.

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Question 9 (1 point)

The variable sex (male vs. female) is measured at the nominal level.

Question 9 options:

[removed]	True
[removed]	False

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Question 10 (1 point)

Intelligence is measured at the ratio level.

Question 10 options:

[removed]	True
[removed]	False

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Question 11 (1 point)

Imagine that a research methods instructor accidentally includes concepts on an exam that he did not
actually cover in the course. This is a problem with which of the following?

Question 11 options:

[removed]	the exam’s face validity
[removed]	the exam’s discriminant validity
[removed]	the exam’s criterion validity
[removed]	the exam’s content validity

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Question 12 (1 point)

Random selection and random assignment are the same thing.

Question 12 options:

[removed]	True
[removed]	False

Question 13 (1 point)

When will researchers typically abandon a theory?

Question 13 options:

[removed]	when it is criticized by other researchers
[removed]	as soon as a hypothesis based on the theory is disconfirmed
[removed]	after several hypotheses based on the theory are disconfirmed
[removed]	r approximately 10 to 15 years

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Question 14 (1 point)

Which of the following is the most common type of sample in psychological research?

Question 14 options:

[removed]	a convenience sample
[removed]	random sample
[removed]	a haphazard sample
[removed]	a stratified sample

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Question 15 (1 point)

There is a statistical relationship between two variables if which of the following is true?

Question 15 options:

[removed]	One of the variables has a higher mean than the other.
[removed]	The average level of one variable differs across levels of the other.
[removed]	The variables are conceptually similar (e.g., intelligence and common sense).
[removed]	all of the above

Question 16 (1 point)

Which of the following could NOT be the independent variable in an experiment?

Question 16 options:

[removed]	sexual abuse
[removed]	study strategy
[removed]	room temperature
[removed]	mood

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Question 17 (1 point)

Which of the following studies most clearly has the directionality problem?

Question 17 options:

[removed]	a study on whether or not a person was sexually abused as a child and how paranoid he or she is as an adult
[removed]	a study on the relationship between losing a limb and one’s self-esteem
[removed]	a study relating college students’ study habits to their final exam performance
[removed]	a study on the correlation between how much negative emotion a person has and how many physical symptoms he or she has

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Question 18 (1 point)

The most common source of research ideas in psychology is which of the following?

Question 18 options:

[removed]	previous research
[removed]	informal observations
[removed]	government regulations
[removed]	suggestions from friends

Question 19 (1 point)

What typically happens to a manuscript during the peer review process for a professional journal?

Question 19 options:

[removed]	The researcher gets comments on the manuscript from his or her friends before submitting it for publication
[removed]	The manuscript is posted on the Internet and voted on by a large group of evaluators.
[removed]	The journal editor sends the manuscript to three experts for their comments before deciding whether to publish it.
[removed]	The manuscript is published and the journal editor then publishes comments from readers.

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Question 20 (1 point)

Which of the following is the best example of a construct?

Question 20 options:

[removed]	depression
[removed]	number of siblings
[removed]	height
[removed]	annual income

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Question 21 (1 point)

A low test-retest correlation would probably not be a concern for a measure of which of the following?

Question 21 options:

[removed]	mood
[removed]	intelligence
[removed]	extroversion
[removed]	conscientiousness

Question 22 (1 point)

Which of the following is a common measure of internal consistency?

Question 22 options:

[removed]	test-retest correlation
[removed]	split-half correlation
[removed]	Cohen’s d
[removed]	Cronbach’s alpha

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Question 23 (1 point)

Which of the following is generally true of measures created for use in scientific research?

Question 23 options:

[removed]	They can be used without permission.
[removed]	They are described in a published article.
[removed]	They should be properly referenced in any published work.
[removed]	all of the above

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Question 24 (1 point)

After using any psychological measure, it is always good practice to do which of the following?

Question 24 options:

[removed]	write a thank you note to the creator of the measure
[removed]	evaluate its reliability and validity based on the new data
[removed]	publish the results in the Mental Measurements Yearbook
[removed]	discuss participants’ responses with them

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Question 25 (1 point)

What are the two defining features of an experiment?

Question 25 options:

[removed]	control of extraneous variables; statistical analysis of the results
[removed]	statistical analysis of the results; a comparison of two groups
[removed]	a comparison of two groups; manipulation of an independent variable
[removed]	manipulation of an independent variable; control of extraneous variables

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10.03.2016
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