PSY 101 - Multiple Choice Questions

1. Memory is generally characterized on the basis of acquisition, extinction and spontaneous recovery.
a. True
b. False
2. The term “chunking” refers to the process of separating meaning less information from meaningful information so that the meaningful information can be stored in the short-term memory
a. True
b. False
3. Human working memory involves… combines which information is moved to short-term memory and which information is blocked from short-term memory.
a. True
b. False
4. In classical conditioning, the stimulus that comes to elicit a response as a result of pairing with another stimulus is called the unconditional stimulus.
a. True
b. False
5. Extinction occurs when the unconditioned stimulus no longer follows the conditioned stimulus.
a. True
b. False
6. Conditioned taste aversions are operative in animals, but not in human.
a. True
b. False
7. Learning is defined as any relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs because of experience, except for changes due to fatigue, injury, or disease.
a. True
b. False
8. In operant conditioning, negative reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior by removing an unpleasant or aversive consequence.
True
False
9. A procedure whereby subjects are given reinforcers for performing behaviors that get closer to some target behavior is called chaining.
True
False
10. Punshing a child’s misbehavior is most effective if there is a delay between the behavior and the punishment so that the child has time to mull over the consequence to come.
a. True
b. False
11.  Reinforcement is the process by which a stimulus or event weakens or reduces the probability of the response that it follows.
a. True
b. False
12. In Stanley Milgram’s study on obedience, the “learners” actually received very significant level of shocks.
a. True
b. False
13. In Milgram’s obedience study, 15 percent of the subjects refused to administer any shocks to the “learner”.
True
False
14. Proactive interference occurs when recently learned material interferences with the ability to remember similar material that was stored previously.
True
False
15. In general, psuchologists agree that the inability to remember experiences during the first years of life is due to the defense mechanism of repression.
True
False
16. Memory always produces exact replicas of events.
True
False
17. During short-term, memory tasks, the hippocampus is especially active.
True
False
18. Elaborative rehearsals is defined as the rote repetition of material in order to maintain its availability in memory.
True
False
19. Organizing memories by semantic groups in a human characteristic that is uninfluenced by schooling.
True
False
20. Knowing how to ride a bicycle would be procedural memory.
True
False
21. The severe anterograde amnesia experiences by S.P., whose hippocampus had been damaged, was apparently due to an inability to move information from long-term memory to short-term memory.
True
False
22. We most likely to make an external attribution when consistency is high and consensus and distinctiveness are low.
True
False
23. A speaker who speaks rapidly is more persuasive than one who speaks at a normal rate.
True
False
24. The tendency to take credit for one’s good actions and to let the situation account for one’s bad actions is called the fundamental attribution error.
True
False
25. An attitude is  a belief about people, groups, ideas, or activities.
True
False
26. In close-knit groups, the tendency for all members to think alike and to suppress disagreement for the sake if harmony is called the fundamental attribution error.
True
False
27. In variations of Stanley Milgram;s study on obedience, people’s behaviors were not influenced by whether the person giving orders looked “ordinary” or looked like an “experience”.
True
False